Explosive Hyperinflation, Inflation Tax Laffer Curve and Modelling the use of Money

This paper analyzes the existence of an inflation tax Laffer curve (ITLC) in the context of two standard optimizing monetary models: a cash-in-advance model and a money in the utility function model. Agents’ preferences are characterized in the two models by a constant relative risk aversion utility function. Explosive hyperinflation rules out the presence of an ITLC. In the context of a cash-in-advance economy, this paper shows that explosive hyperinflation is feasible and thus an ITLC is ruled out whenever the relative risk aversion parameter is greater than one. In the context of an optimizing model with money in the utility function, this paper firstly shows that an ITLC is ruled out. Moreover, it is shown that explosive hyperinflations are more likely when the transactions role of money is more important. However, hyperinflationary paths are not feasible in this context unless certain restrictions are imposed.inflation tax, hyperinflation, Laffer curve

Markov Switching Risk Premium and the term structure of interest rates. Empirical evidence from US post-war interest rates

This paper considers the basic present value model of interest rates under rational expectations with two additional features. First, following McCallum (1994), the model assumes a policy reaction function where changes in the short-term interest rate are determined by the long-short spread. Second, the short-term interest rate and the risk premium processes are characterized by a Markov regime-switching model. Using US post-war interest rate data, this paper finds evidence that a two-regime switching model fits the data better than the basic model. The estimation results also show the presence of two alternative states displaying quite different features.term-structure, risk premium, Markov regime-switching

Ecopatologías. Influencia en la salud pública y sanidad animal.

Sin resume

Qualitative Indicators for the Environmental Education Centers’s avaliation

[Resumo] O artigo analiza os cambios máis relevantes que viviron os Centros de Educación Ambiental ao longo das dúas últimas décadas. Tómanse como referencia os estudos de diagnósticos previos, e compáranse os resultados cun estudo de caso en profundidade. Un listado de indicadores de calidade permite abordar unha avaliación diacrónica das innovacións e melloras do sector.[Abstract] The paper analyzes the most significant changes that have ocurred in Environmental Education Centers over the last two decades. They are referenced previous diagnostic studies, and compared the results with a case study conducted in 2011. A list of quality indicators can address a diachronic evaluation of innovations and improvements in the sector

Agua y medio ambiente

Sin resume

Sustainable Urban Mobility in Medium-Sized Cities. Case Study of the Campus in Caceres

En el ámbito urbano la movilidad desde mediados del siglo XX se caracteriza por el empleo masivo del vehículo privado y el aumento de los desplazamientos, así como por el incremento de las distancias a recorrer, haciendo cada vez menos efectivos los modos de transporte no motorizados. Las ciudades medias han sido las que más han visto modificado sus hábitos de movilidad en las últimas décadas, entre 2001 y 2011 representaron el 58% del aumento de la población española. Este importante crecimiento demográfico llevó aparejado en la mayoría de los casos un notable incremento de la superficie urbana. El objetivo principal del artículo consiste en desarrollar una metodología que permita caracterizar la movilidad en un campus universitario, de tal forma, que a partir de la definición de los usos y patrones de movilidad establecidos se puedan aplicar medidas para la racionalización del transporte urbano. Se ha tomado como referencia el Campus Universitario de Cáceres, por constituir un claro ejemplo de espacio suburbano segregado, ya que se encuentra a 4,5 kilómetros del centro urbano y su comunicación está muy condicionada por la abrupta orografía.Since the mid-20th century, mobility in urban settings has featured the mass usage of private vehicles and rising numbers of trips made, as well as an increase in the distances travelled, rendering non-motorised transport methods less and less effective over time. Medium-sized cities have seen the strongest changes in their mobility habits in recent decades, given that they represented 54% of the increase in the Spanish population between 2001 and 2011. This significant demographic growth was, in most cases, accompanied by a considerable increase in the urban area. The main purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for characterising mobility on a university campus so that, by defining the mobility purposes and patterns, measures can be applied to rationalise the urban transport system. The Caceres University Campus has been used as a reference since it is a clear example of segregated suburban space, located 4.5 kilometres from the city centre, with connections to the city being strongly affected by the abrupt terrain

El impacto innovador de la reforma de planes de estudio en la licenciatura de Pedagogía de la Universidad de Granada

El desarrollo de la reforma de las enseñanzas universitarias en España desde 1983 ha supuesto incuestionables avances, aunque también importantes desajustes de tipo, fundamentalmente estructural y organizativo. En este contexto podemos, pues, situar el presente estudio de corte empírico en el que tomando como objeto la Licenciatura de Pedagogía de la Universidad de Granada se ha verificado la escasa innovación pedagógica asociada a la implantación de los nuevos planes de estudio en relación con tres elementos claves del currículum: objetivos y metodologías de enseñanza, así como estrategias de evaluación del aprendizaje

Actin cytoskeletal organization in human osteoblasts grown on different dental titanium implant surfaces

The understanding of the cellular basis of osteoblastic cell-biomaterial interaction is crucial to the analysis of the mechanism of osseointegration. Cell adhesion is a complex process that is dependent on the cell types and on the surface microtopography and chemistry of the substrate. We have studied the role of microtopography in modulating cell adhesion, in vitro, using a human osteoblastic cell line for the assessment of actin cytoskeletal organization. Through application of CLSM combining reflection and fluorescence, 2D or 3D images of cytoskeleton were obtained. On smooth surfaces, Ti CP machined, predominantly planar bone cells with an axial ratio of 1.1 were randomly oriented, with stress fibers running in all directions, and thin filopodia. On T iCP Osseotite ® surfaces the osteoblastic cells conformed to the irregular terrain of the sustrate with focal adhesion sites only established on the relative topographical peaks separated for a longer distance than in the machined surface, and defined wide lamellopodia and long filopodia, with enhanced expression of stress fibers, forming large clear focal contacts with the rough surface. The cytoskeletal organization of cells cultured on rough titanium supports an active role for the biomaterial surface in the events that govern osteoblastic cell adhesion. The results enforce the role of the rough sustrate surface in affecting osteoblastic cell adhesion and provide valuable information for the design of material surfaces that are required for the development of an appropriate osteogenic surface for osteoblastic anchorage, compared to machined surface, in dental implants