Acquisition of dancing basics in preschool an primary school children

Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je istražiti utjecaj programa plesne radionice na usvajanje znanja iz različitih plesnih struktura. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 11 djevojčica u dobi od 4 do 8 godina koje su pohađale plesne radionice za djecu predškolskog i mlađeg školskog uzrasta u Osijeku. Program je trajao tri mjeseca te je u tom vremenu ostvareno ukupno 25 plesnih sati. Djeca su na radionici učila osnove standardnih i latinoameričkih plesova. Za utvrđivanje pouzdanosti ocjenjivača koristila se metoda interne konzistencije, odnosno koeficijent Cronbach α, a za utvrđivanje homogenosti prosječna korelacija među ispitivačima (AVR). Za utvrđivanje razlika između rezultata inicijalnog i finalnog provjeravanja koristili su se t-test za zavisne uzorke i Wilcoxonov test. Analizom prikupljenih podataka ustanovljena je visoka pouzdanost i homogenost ocjenjivača, te statistički značajna razlika između inicijalnog i finalnog provjeravanja. Nakon pohađanja plesne radionice u trajanju od tri mjeseca djeca su pokazala iznimno veliku razinu usvojenosti provjeravanih društvenih plesova.The aim of this thesis was to explore the influence of a dance workshop programme on acquiring knowledge in different dance basics. The survey was conducted on a sample of 11 girls aged 4 to 8 who attended dance workshops for preschool and younger school children in Osijek. The programme lasted for three months and a total of 25 hours of dance instruction were held. The children learned the basics of standard and Latin American dances. In order to establish the reliability of the evaluators, the method of internal consistency, i.e. the coefficient of Cronbach α, was used, and for determining the homogeneity the average correlation among the evaluators (AVRs) was used. To determine the difference between initial and final test results, the t-test for dependent samples and the Wilcoxon's matched pairs test were used. Analysis of the collected data showed high reliability and homogeneity of the evaluators, and a statistically significant difference between initial and final testing. After attending a dance workshop for three months, the children showed an extremely high level of knowledge of the tested social dances

Encouraging Action During Overdose Events – the Good, the Bad, and the Barriers

INTRODUCTION: Timely medical attention could decrease mortality following drug or alcohol overdose events, but overdose victims and witnesses often delay or fail to seek professional help because they fear police involvement. Statutes that provide immunity from criminal action may have an important impact on the likelihood of seeking timely treatment. As overdose deaths have increased despite legislative attempts to encourage contacting authorities during overdoses, other measures should be considered. In Georgia, recent legislation should make opioid antagonist products like naloxone more accessible to the public. METHODS: The first paper systematically analyzes variability in Medical Amnesty Laws (or “Good Samaritan Laws”) across states that are designed to encourage bystanders and others to contact authorities for assistance during overdose emergencies. The second paper examines drug poisoning death rates in states with five years of data available after enactment of Medical Amnesty Laws (MALs) to determine whether drug poisoning death rates have decreased. The third paper utilizes a randomized survey of pharmacies across Georgia to report on barriers that exist for the purchase of naloxone by the public. RESULTS: Forty-six states plus the District of Columbia have MALs, but provisions differ widely in scope. Some laws may not meet legislative goals because they lack protections, allow broad prosecutorial discretion, or are difficult to research, assimilate, and understand. Of the nine states with five years’ experience with MALs, only Washington’s drug poisoning death rates have not increased. Statistical analyses failed to find an association between MALs and drug poisoning deaths. Among Georgia pharmacies surveyed, only half had naloxone in stock, with prices ranging from $65.00 to$201.00. Approximately one-half of pharmacy representatives misstated that a physician’s prescription was required to purchase naloxone, despite a Standing Order and changes in Georgia law that removed this formerly mandated requirement. CONCLUSIONS: Overdose immunity laws prove to be complex and may not be easily understood by the general population, making them less effective in reaching statutory goals. In Georgia, certain barriers to the purchase of naloxone persist despite recent legislative changes, making it less likely that those who may need a safe, easily administered form of naloxone will obtain the product. Findings from this research reveal an important opportunity to understand how policy goals can be more strongly aligned with diverse stakeholder groups’ knowledge, needs, and interests - from professionals to the public

The animal world in children's songs

Glazba je jedna od najstarijih umjetnosti koja služi u brojne svrhe. Može biti sredstvo zabave, služiti u religijskim obredima, kao terapeutsko sredstvo, u raznim ceremonijama te kao sredstvo komunikacije. Priroda je svuda oko nas te ju je čovjek iskoristio kao inspiraciju u svojim umjetničkim djelima. Priroda je nadahnula čovjeka jer je slušanjem kiše, vjetra, mora i pjeva ptica, poželio da i on može skladati lijepe melodije. Skladbama i pjesmama tema može biti sve što postoji na svijetu te sve što se maštom može zamisliti. Jedna od tema su životinje, djeci omiljena tema jer su sa životinjama vrlo povezani. Glazba ima važnu ulogu u razvoju djece. Pomaže pri razvijanju fizičkih i psihičkih aspekata djetetova razvoja te im daje informacije o svijetu koji ih okružuje, pomaže im da lakše obavljaju svakodnevne aktivnosti. Glazba je danas postala sveprisutan čimbenik u svakodnevnom životu čovjeka te pomoću glazbe čovjek izražava svoje najdublje osjećaje i raspoloženja. Ona nije samo rezultat određenih emocija, nego može utjecati na čovjeka, odnosno u njemu proizvoditi emocije. Glazbena iskustva djece započinju pasivnom glazbenom aktivnošću, to jest slušanjem, a putem organiziranih i slobodnih aktivnosti djeca razvijaju glazbene sposobnosti i znanja. Pjesme koje se najčešće koriste u predškolskim ustanovama su dječje pjesme u kojima su opjevane životinje, godišnja doba ili religijski događaji. Čovjekova povezanost sa životinjama postoji od davnina, a povezanost između djece i životinja je prirodna zbog uzajamne otvorenosti i iskrenosti. Djeca vrlo lako u životinjama mogu vidjeti svoje prijatelje i s njima se poistovjetiti te iz tog razloga postoji mnogo bajki, crtanih filmova i pjesama za djecu u kojima su likovi životinje.Kroz pjesme o životinjama djeci se prenose životne poruke, govori se o prijateljstvu, toleranciji i predanosti te se potiče cjelokupni razvoj kod djeteta

The animal world in children's songs

Glazba je jedna od najstarijih umjetnosti koja služi u brojne svrhe. Može biti sredstvo zabave, služiti u religijskim obredima, kao terapeutsko sredstvo, u raznim ceremonijama te kao sredstvo komunikacije. Priroda je svuda oko nas te ju je čovjek iskoristio kao inspiraciju u svojim umjetničkim djelima. Priroda je nadahnula čovjeka jer je slušanjem kiše, vjetra, mora i pjeva ptica, poželio da i on može skladati lijepe melodije. Skladbama i pjesmama tema može biti sve što postoji na svijetu te sve što se maštom može zamisliti. Jedna od tema su životinje, djeci omiljena tema jer su sa životinjama vrlo povezani. Glazba ima važnu ulogu u razvoju djece. Pomaže pri razvijanju fizičkih i psihičkih aspekata djetetova razvoja te im daje informacije o svijetu koji ih okružuje, pomaže im da lakše obavljaju svakodnevne aktivnosti. Glazba je danas postala sveprisutan čimbenik u svakodnevnom životu čovjeka te pomoću glazbe čovjek izražava svoje najdublje osjećaje i raspoloženja. Ona nije samo rezultat određenih emocija, nego može utjecati na čovjeka, odnosno u njemu proizvoditi emocije. Glazbena iskustva djece započinju pasivnom glazbenom aktivnošću, to jest slušanjem, a putem organiziranih i slobodnih aktivnosti djeca razvijaju glazbene sposobnosti i znanja. Pjesme koje se najčešće koriste u predškolskim ustanovama su dječje pjesme u kojima su opjevane životinje, godišnja doba ili religijski događaji. Čovjekova povezanost sa životinjama postoji od davnina, a povezanost između djece i životinja je prirodna zbog uzajamne otvorenosti i iskrenosti. Djeca vrlo lako u životinjama mogu vidjeti svoje prijatelje i s njima se poistovjetiti te iz tog razloga postoji mnogo bajki, crtanih filmova i pjesama za djecu u kojima su likovi životinje.Kroz pjesme o životinjama djeci se prenose životne poruke, govori se o prijateljstvu, toleranciji i predanosti te se potiče cjelokupni razvoj kod djeteta

A Study of the Sage Grouse (\u3cem\u3eCentrocercus urophasianus\u3c/em\u3e), With Special Reference to Life History, Habitat Requirements, and Numbers and Distribution

The sage grouse or sage hen Centrocercus urophasianus (Bonaparte) was formerly the most important upland native game bird of the Western States, but has steadily been declining in numbers over most of its range in recent years. This reduction in numbers has aroused the interest of the conservationists of the nation, who, for the past decade or more, have been proposing that something be done for this game species. In recent years along with this interest of the conservationists, there has been an increasing local interest among the sportsmen of the West, with the result that several groups have become interested in making a study of the sage grouse and determining reasons for the marked decline in its numbers. Partly because of this aroused interest, the study of the sage grouse was selected as a research project

Bakhtin’s Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics and the Ideological Problem of The Brothers Karamazov

Dostoevsky’s final novel, The Brothers Karamazov, strives to resolve the question of God’s existence. But many critics have acknowledged that Dostoevsky seems to present Ivan’s skeptical voice with equal, if not greater, force than Alyosha’s affirmative voice—a feature of the novel that is difficult to explain in the context of Dostoevsky’s avowed Christianity. There is an overwhelming consensus among critics that The Brothers is a thesis-novel. But in order to establish the novel as a defense of faith, the critic must ultimately dismiss the strength of Ivan’s voice; and in attempting to demonstrate that the voice of doubt prevails, the critic must similarly dismiss the value of Alyosha’s faith. By utilizing Bakhtin’s theory of polyphony, I propose an interpretation of The Brothers that does not attempt to resolve this opposition. Because Bakhtin’s theory is often seen to sanction all interpretations as equally valid, it has been used to endorse each of these mutually incompatible positions on the novel. But I hope to show that the theory of polyphony is, in its essence, diametrically opposed to the interpretation of Dostoevsky’s work as either a defense of faith or a concession to doubt. Further, I propose—contra Bakhtin—that the polyphonic novel can be thesis-driven, if its very thesis resides in its formal polyphony. The thesis of The Brothers, I argue, does not resolve the question of God’s existence, but posits instead that the inability to resolve this question is fundamental to human nature

Detecting Selection Bias in Community Disseminations of Universal Family-Based Prevention Programs

The goals of the present study were to demonstrate a method for examining selection bias in large-scale implementations of community-based family skills programs, and to explore the nature of selection bias in one such implementation. We used evaluation data from a statewide dissemination of a popular substance abuse prevention program (N programs = 42; N youth = 294). The program’s evaluation measures were designed to match publicly available data on risk and protective factor scales collected in the state’s schools, which enabled us to construct a comparison sample of non-participants (N = 20,608). We then examined the risk status of adolescents in both groups to determine whether risk and protective factor scores were related to the probability of program participation. Participation was predicted by both demographics and risk and protective factor scores. Among families with younger adolescents, program attendance was associated with lower risk; among families with older adolescents, participation was associated with both higher risk (on parental management skills) and lower risk (on substance use). Selection effects must be identified and corrected for in order to calculate valid estimates of program benefits, but in community-based disseminations, the necessary supplemental comparison sample is difficult to obtain. The evaluation design and analytic approach described here can be used in program evaluations of real-world, “bottom-up” dissemination efforts to identify who attends a program, which in turn can help to inform recruitment strategies, to pinpoint possible selection influences on measured program outcomes, and to refine estimates of program costs and benefits.repeated auction; selectivity; prevention program; community-based implementation; program evaluation

Test method for telescopes using a point source at a finite distance

A test method for telescopes that makes use of a focused ring formed by an annular aperture when using a point source at a finite distance is evaluated theoretically and experimentally. The results show that the concept can be applied to near-normal, as well as grazing incidence. It is particularly suited for X-ray telescopes because of their intrinsically narrow annular apertures, and because of the largely reduced diffraction effects

Where\u27s the Context? Enhancing Access to Digital Archives

Providing access to original materials is an ethical responsibility for all professional archivists. In the Code of Ethics for Archivists, access is the sixth tenet, stating that archivists not only provide equal and open access to records, they preserve the intellectual integrity of collections. In an analog environment, this responsibility is somewhat straightforward and uncomplicated. However, technology has advanced rapidly over the past decade, and digitization projects are at the forefront of library and archival news. In a digital world, the once-simple tasks of promoting access to original materials and preserving their intellectual integrity are far more complicated. Although digitization has the potential to increase greatly a repository’s patron base, complex decisions arise for archivists when contemplating this path. Institutions must expend more of their resources and staff to replicate digitally the value of analog collections. Many of these problems have been examined before, so I will address an issue that has been largely disregarded by archival literature: the necessity of placing digital collections within a broader social and historical context