Distribution of snow accumulation on some glaciers of Spitsbergen

We describe the spatial variability of snow accumulation on three selected gla− ciers in Spitsbergen (Hansbreen, Werenskioldbreen and Aavatsmarkbreen) in the winter seasons of 1988/89, 1998/99 and 2001/2002 respectively. The distribution of snow cover is determined by the interrelationships between the direction of the glacier axes and the domi− nant easterly winds. The snow distribution is regular on the glaciers located E−W, but is more complicated on the glaciers located meridionally. The western part of glaciers is more predisposed to the snow accumulation than the eastern. This is due to snowdrift intensity. Statistical relationships between snow accumulation, deviation of accumulation from the mean values and accumulation variability related to topographic parameters such as: alti− tude, slope inclination, aspect, slope curvature and distance from the edge of the glacier have been determined. The only significant relations occured between snow accumulation and altitude (r = 0.64–0.91)

The Thickness of Talus Deposits in the Periglacial Area of SW Spitsbergen (Fugleberget Mountainside) in the Light of Slope Development Theories

Periglacial slopes are susceptible to recent climate change. The rate of morphogenetic processes depends on numerous factors. The most important of these is the warming of the air and ground, increased precipitation (extreme rainfall in particular), and the rate of snow cover decay. The dynamics of these processes may effectively modify contemporary slope development models. The paper shows the structure of selected talus slopes on a Fugleberget mountainside, based on field observations and radar (GPR) soundings. The results are then compared to classical slope models. The radar survey in April and May 2014 used a RAMAC CU II Malå GeoScience system equipped with a 30 MHz RTA antenna (Rough Terrain Antenna). Five GPR profiles of different lengths were obtained along the talus axes, transversally on Fugleberget and partly on the Hansbreen lateral moraine. According to the radar soundings, the maximum thickness of the debris deposits is 25–30 m. The thickness of the weathered material increases towards the talus cone’s terminal part, and debris deposits overlap marine sediments. The talus slopes’ morphometry shows that their current forms differ from standard slope models, which may be due to the significant acceleration of geomorphic processes resulting from climate change, including rapid warming in the last four decades

Fabrication, modeling and integration of a silicon technology force sensor in a piezoelectric micro-manipulator.

International audienceThis work presents the results of the integration of a force sensor fabricated with the silicon technology in a microgripper actuated by a piezoactuator system. The force sensor consists of a silicon box with an output beam. Forces acting of the beam are sensed in the clamping where the stress is maximum. The voltage read out is made by a Wheatstone bridge. Scaling of force sensors has been done using analytical and numerical tools. Piezoresistivity in the silicon sensor permits measurements of forces of several tens of mN with a resolution of 10 μN. Characterisation of sensors in the laboratory has shown the range of deflections obtained for an input force. The former sensor has been later integrated in a piezoelectric micromanipulator. The aim of this integration has been the characterization of the sensor in this new configuration and measurements of handling forces during the manipulation of micro samples in SEM and standard laboratory conditions. Results show that a force range from some mN to some hundreds of mN is measured for a sensing micromanipulator

Variability of temperature and thickness of permafrost active layer at coastal sites of Svalbard

We present the variability of the thermal state and thickness of permafrost active layer at the raised marine beaches in Svalbard. The investigations were carried out using direct probing, thaw tube, ground temperature and radar soundings at Holocene strand plains 10-20 m a.s.l. in Fuglebergsletta (SW Spitsbergen) and at the shore of Kinnvika Bay (Nordaustlandet). Their results were compared to those obtained at other coastal sites in Svalbard. The ground temperature measurements were conducted in 2009 on August, recognized as the standard month for the maximum thawing during the last decade. The studied sites are typical for close to extreme active layer conditions on Svalbard. In Hornsund, the thawing depth exceeded 2 m, while in Kinnvika the active layer was thinner than 1 m. In Svalbard, the depth of thawing decreases generally from south to north and from the open sea coast to the central parts of islands. These differences are the consequence of diverse climatic conditions strongly determined by the radiation balance modified by a number of regional (e.g. ocean circulation) and local (e.g. duration of snow deposition) conditions

Zespół Noonan u 8-letniej pacjentki – opis przypadku = 8 - year - old patient with Noonan syndrome - case report

Grabiec Aleksandra, Szczepkowska Aleksandra, Osica Piotr, Janas‑Naze Anna. Zespół Noonan u 8-letniej pacjentki – opis przypadku = 8 - year - old patient with Noonan syndrome - case report. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(12):575-581. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.216473http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4101    The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 754 (09.12.2016).754 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7© The Author (s) 2016;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 01.12.2016. Revised 12.12.2016. Accepted: 20.12.2016.   Zespół Noonan u 8-letniej pacjentki – opis przypadku8 - year - old patient with Noonan syndrome - case report Aleksandra Grabiec1, Aleksandra Szczepkowska2, Piotr Osica2, Anna Janas‑Naze2 1 Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Zakładzie Chirurgii Stomatologicznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi 2 Zakład Chirurgii Stomatologicznej UM w ŁodziKierownik: dr hab. n. med. prof. nadzw. Anna Janas-Naze       Adres do korespondencji:Aleksandra SzczepkowskaZakład Chirurgii Stomatologicznej UM w Łodzi92-213 Łódź, ul. Pomorska 251e-mail: [email protected]. 42 675 75 71     Praca finansowana przez Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi w ramach działalności statutowej nr 503/2-163-01/503-21-001   Streszczenie: W poniższej pracy opisano przypadek zespołu Noonan u 8- letniej dziewczynki. Słowa kluczowe: zespół Noonan, rzadkie choroby genetyczne, znieczulenia ogólne   Abstract: The article presents the case of 7 year old girl with Noonan syndrome. Key words: Noonan syndrome, rare genetic diseases, general anesthesi

Si-Based Electrodes for Potentiometric Measurements of Aqueous Solutions, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2009, nr 4

Three sensors for chemical and physical examination of aqueous solutions were presented in the paper. An Au potentiometric electrode, an AgCl chlorine ion sensor and a p-n junction thermometer were developed. Their layout and internal structure were explained in the light of the manufacturing process. The device characteristics were measured in conditions corresponding to normal operation of the devices. Basic electrical parameters of the developed structures, as well as their sensitivity to environmental parameter variation were estimated

Low frequency measurements using piezoresistive cantilever MEMS devices – the problem of thermal drift

In the presented work, the system and computer algorithms for low-frequency measurements with piezoresistive cantilever MEMS/NEMS devices are presented. The proposed solution enables low-frequency calibration and measurements in the presence of thermal drift. Applied analog and digital circuits solve a problem of a saturation of the response of a cantilever piezodetector. We also propose an algorithm, which enables further removal of the drift’s influence by the digital post-processing of a read signal. The results of 1/f noise measurements of a series of piezoresistive microcantilevers are presented. Shown 1/f noise spectra were measured and estimated by a data acquisition system utilizing digitally controlled electronics capable of removing the thermal drift. The results consistence with the theory confirms the validity of the presented approach

A versatile tool for extraction of MOSFETs parameters, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2005, nr 1

Extraction of MOSFET parameters is a very important task for the purposes of MOS integrated circuits characterization and design. A versatile tool for the MOSFET parameter extraction has been developed in the Institute of Electron Technology (IET). It is used to monitor the technologies applied for fabrication of several groups of devices, e.g., CMOS ASICs, SOI pixel detectors. At present two SPICE MOSFET models (LEVEL = 1, 2) have been implemented in the extraction tool. The LEVEL = 3 model is currently being implemented. The tool combines different methods of parameter extraction based on local as well as global fitting of models to experimental data

Diagnostics of micro- and nanostructure using the scanning probe microscopy, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2005, nr 1

In this paper we summarize the results of our research concerning the diagnostics of micro- and nanostructure with scanning probe microscopy (SPM). We describe the experiments performed with one of the scanning probe microscopy techniques enabling also insulating surfaces to be investigated, i.e., atomic force microscopy (AFM). We present the results of topography measurements using both contact and non-contact AFM modes, investigations of the friction forces that appear between the microtip and the surface, and experiments connected with the thermal behaviour of integrated circuits, carried out with the local resolution of 20 nm

The spring constant calibration of the piezoresistive cantilever based biosensor

Piezoresistive microcantilevers are widely applied to measurements of low forces, masses and viscosity [1]. After surface functionalization they might be used as a biochemical sensors being capable of the intermolecular force investigation. The problem is that such sensors change its mechanical properties in the environment they operate. Therefore there is a need for a high accuracy technique being capable of measuring of mechanical properties of functionalized cantilevers operating in the target environment. We suppose that such conditions meet the analysis of thermomechanical oscillation noise. In this paper the analysis of two types of cantilevers, that might be used in bioelectrochemical measurements, was performed. We determined the cantilever deflection and force sensitivity. The spring constant was measured by three different methods: the Cleveland methods [2] and the thermomechanical noise analysis. The obtained results indicate that analysis of thermomechanical excitation noise is the simplest and the most reliable method for spring constant calibration of piezoresistive cantilever based sensors