125 research outputs found

    Protocol for a prospective multicenter longitudinal randomized controlled trial (CALIN) of sensory-tonic stimulation to foster parent child interactions and social cognition in very premature infants

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    IntroductionPremature birth is associated with long-term somatic and neurological disorders, including cognitive, social and behavioral impairments. Moreover, the mothers of infants born preterm exhibit a higher prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms after birth. Early rehabilitation, developmental care, and parenting support have already been shown to have a positive impact on neurological outcome. However, no randomized controlled study has so far assessed the effects on parenting and long-term neurological outcomes of proprioceptive stimulation to trigger positive brain plasticity in very preterm babies. The CALIN project will therefore investigate the impact of sensory-tonic stimulation (STS) of extremely preterm infants by their parents on child parent interactions, infants' morphological and functional brain development and subsequent cognition (including social cognition), and parents' anxiety and depressive symptoms in the postpartum period.Methods and analysisInfants born between 25 and 32 weeks of gestation will be randomly assigned to the “STS + Kangaroo care” or “Kangaroo care” group. The primary endpoint, child and parent interactions, will be rated at 12 months corrected age using the Coding Interactive Behavior system. Secondary endpoints include: 1/functional and anatomical brain maturation sequentially assessed during neonatal hospitalization using electroencephalogram (EEG), amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG), cranial ultrasound and MRI performed at term-corrected age, 2/social and cognitive outcomes assessed at 15 months, 2, 4 and 6 years, and 3/parents' anxiety and depressive symptoms assessed at 7 ± 1 weeks after birth, using dedicated questionnaires.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the French Ethics Committee for the Protection of Persons on 18 October 2021. It is registered with the French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM; no. 2020-A00382–37). The registry number on ClinicalTrials.gov is NCT04380051

    Challenges in Designing a National Surveillance Program for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States:

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    This review describes the history of US government funding for surveillance programs in IBD, provides current estimates of the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in the United States (US), and enumerates a number of challenges faced by current and future IBD surveillance programs. A rationale for expanding the focus of IBD surveillance beyond counts of incidence and prevalence, in order to provide a greater understanding of the burden of IBD, disease etiology and pathogenesis, is provided. Lessons learned from other countries are summarized, as well as potential resources that may be used to optimize a new form of IBD surveillance in the US. A consensus recommendation on the goals and available resources for a new model for disease surveillance are provided. This new model should focus upon “surveillance of the burden of disease,” including 1) natural history of disease and 2) outcomes and complications of the disease and/or treatments

    Epidémiologie des maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l'Intestin en France : apport du registre EPIMAD

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    Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are among the most serious and perplexing of digestive diseases. Their pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Geographic variations in the incidence of IBD could offer new clues about environmental risk factors. There were no data concerning the incidence of IBD in France. We created the first French prospective study on IBD incidence in 1988. This study became “Registre” recognized by Inserm and InVS in 1992. This prospective study was performed through all gastroenterologists (GE) (n=262) of the region of Nord, Pas-de-Calais, Somme and Seine-Maritime including near of 6 million of inhabitants corresponding to 9.3% of the whole French population. Collection of new cases is based on a close multidisciplinary collaboration including GE (whatever their practice), Epidemiology Unit of Hospital and University of Lille and Rouen, Biostatistics Unit of Lille Hospital and University and Academic Hospitals of Amiens, Lille and Rouen. Each GE referred patients consulting for the first time with clinical symptoms compatible with IBD. Data are collected by 9 interviewer practitioners present at the GE’s consulting room. Two independent experts GE assessed each case independently and made a final diagnosis of definite, probable, possible CD, UC or ulcerative proctitis (UP); Inflammatory Bowel Disease unclassifiable (IBDU); acute colitis or unspecified colitis. Possible cases of IBD, acute colitis and unspecified colitis are systematically followed-up and when a new event is recorded the chart is reviewed by the experts and a new final diagnosis is made. A control of the completeness collection is made each year by crossing data from Hospital Health databases. 80% of incident cases have been reported by private GE, 13% by general hospitals and 7% by academic centres. From 1988 to 2008 the mean annual incidence was 11.3/105 inhabitants for IBD including 6.4 for CD, 4.4 for UC and 0.5 for IBDU with a ratio CD/UC of 1.45. During this period CD incidence increased by 30% (100% in young adults) while that of UC remained stable. Valuable clinical information has been obtained; median time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 3 months in CD and 2 months in UC. The number of patients with a diagnosis delay > 9 months decreased over time. Age 60 ans au diagnostic. GrĂące Ă  un nombre Ă©levĂ© de cas incidents, une hĂ©tĂ©rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© spatiale de l’incidence des MICI a Ă©tĂ© montrĂ©e dans les zones agricoles et suburbaines sans lien avec le niveau social des populations. En utilisant la mĂ©thode des statistiques de scan rajoutant la dimension temporelle Ă  l’analyse spatiale, nous avons trouvĂ© plusieurs clusters de sur et sous incidence constants dans le temps. Nos perspectives sont: 1) Poursuivre l’enregistrement des cas incidents et Ă©tablir des donnĂ©es de prĂ©valence; 2) Etudier les facteurs de risque environnementaux par des Ă©tudes d’épidĂ©miologie analytique (corrĂ©lations Ă©cologiques, Ă©tudes cas tĂ©moins, Ă©tudes exposĂ©s-non exposĂ©s); 3) Etudier les facteurs de risque gĂ©nĂ©tiques (frĂ©quence des variants NOD2) dans la population du Registre; 4) CrĂ©er une Ă©tude prospective sur les paramĂštres prĂ©dictifs (profil gĂ©nĂ©tique, profil mĂ©tagĂ©nomique du microbiote intestinal, profil sĂ©rologique) de dĂ©velopper une MC dans une population de sujets Ă  haut risque (sujets indemnes de MC ĂągĂ©s de 10 Ă  35 ans et appartenant Ă  une famille multiplexe, Ă  la descendance de formes conjugales ou Ă  une paire de jumeaux discordants). Conclusions: EPIMAD est le plus gros Registre mondial sur les MICI en population gĂ©nĂ©rale, reconnu pour la qualitĂ© de ses travaux, rendu possible par la crĂ©ation d’un rĂ©seau-ville-hĂŽpital unique

    Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases : new insights from a French population-based registry (EPIMAD)

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    Les Maladies Inflammatoires Chroniques de l’Intestin (MICI) comprennent la maladie de Crohn (MC) et la rectocolite hĂ©morragique (RCH). Ce sont des inflammations chroniques du tube digestif dont les causes sont inconnues. Une meilleure connaissance de leur Ă©pidĂ©miologie pourrait orienter vers des pistes Ă©tiologiques. Jusqu’à la crĂ©ation du Registre EPIMAD en 1988, il n’existait en France aucune donnĂ©e d’incidence. Nous avons crĂ©Ă© en 1988 une Ă©tude prospective d’incidence des MICI, reconnu «Registre» par l’Inserm et l’InVS en 1992. Le territoire couvert par Epimad comporte le Nord, le Pas-de-Calais, la Somme et la Seine-Maritime avec prĂšs de 6 millions d’habitants soit 9,3% de la population française. La collection des cas repose sur une collaboration multidisciplinaire incluant les gastroentĂ©rologues (GE) (libĂ©raux, hospitaliers, adultes et pĂ©diatres; n=262), les services d’EpidĂ©miologie de Lille et Rouen, la plateforme d’aide mĂ©thodologique en Biostatistiques du CHRU de Lille et les Centres Hospitalo-Universitaires de Lille, Amiens et Rouen. Neuf enquĂȘteurs se dĂ©placent sur les lieux de consultation des GE et recueillent les informations nĂ©cessaires Ă  la validation des diagnostics. Deux GE experts revoient chaque dossier indĂ©pendamment et posent le diagnostic final de MC ou RCH certaine, probable ou possible, de colite indĂ©terminĂ©e, de colite aiguĂ« ou de colite inclassĂ©e. Pour les cas atypiques et non classĂ©s, un suivi systĂ©matique est effectuĂ© pour le classement dĂ©finitif (MICI ou non MICI). Un croisement des bases du Registre et des bases hospitaliĂšres est effectuĂ© une fois par an pour mesurer l’exhaustivitĂ©. 80% des cas incidents sont diagnostiquĂ©s par les GE libĂ©raux, 13% par les GE des hĂŽpitaux gĂ©nĂ©raux et 7% par les GE universitaires. Entre 1988 et 2008, l’incidence moyenne des MICI Ă©tait de 11,3/105 habitants (6,4 pour la MC, 4,4 pour la RCH et 0,5 pour IBDU). Pendant cette pĂ©riode, l’incidence de la MC a augmentĂ© de 30% (100% chez l’adolescent) alors que celle de la RCH est restĂ©e stable. Le dĂ©lai diagnostique mĂ©dian Ă©tait de 3 mois dans la MC et de 2 mois dans la RCH. Le pourcentage de patients ayant un diagnostic posĂ© plus de 9 mois aprĂšs l’apparition des symptĂŽmes a diminuĂ© avec le temps. La validitĂ© diagnostique dans les cas non classant d’emblĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© assurĂ©e par un suivi de 2 ans et a montrĂ© que seul l’ñge 60 ans au diagnostic. GrĂące Ă  un nombre Ă©levĂ© de cas incidents, une hĂ©tĂ©rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© spatiale de l’incidence des MICI a Ă©tĂ© montrĂ©e dans les zones agricoles et suburbaines sans lien avec le niveau social des populations. En utilisant la mĂ©thode des statistiques de scan rajoutant la dimension temporelle Ă  l’analyse spatiale, nous avons trouvĂ© plusieurs clusters de sur et sous incidence constants dans le temps. Nos perspectives sont: 1) Poursuivre l’enregistrement des cas incidents et Ă©tablir des donnĂ©es de prĂ©valence; 2) Etudier les facteurs de risque environnementaux par des Ă©tudes d’épidĂ©miologie analytique (corrĂ©lations Ă©cologiques, Ă©tudes cas tĂ©moins, Ă©tudes exposĂ©s-non exposĂ©s); 3) Etudier les facteurs de risque gĂ©nĂ©tiques (frĂ©quence des variants NOD2) dans la population du Registre; 4) CrĂ©er une Ă©tude prospective sur les paramĂštres prĂ©dictifs (profil gĂ©nĂ©tique, profil mĂ©tagĂ©nomique du microbiote intestinal, profil sĂ©rologique) de dĂ©velopper une MC dans une population de sujets Ă  haut risque (sujets indemnes de MC ĂągĂ©s de 10 Ă  35 ans et appartenant Ă  une famille multiplexe, Ă  la descendance de formes conjugales ou Ă  une paire de jumeaux discordants). Conclusions: EPIMAD est le plus gros Registre mondial sur les MICI en population gĂ©nĂ©rale, reconnu pour la qualitĂ© de ses travaux, rendu possible par la crĂ©ation d’un rĂ©seau-ville-hĂŽpital unique.Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are among the most serious and perplexing of digestive diseases. Their pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Geographic variations in the incidence of IBD could offer new clues about environmental risk factors. There were no data concerning the incidence of IBD in France. We created the first French prospective study on IBD incidence in 1988. This study became “Registre” recognized by Inserm and InVS in 1992. This prospective study was performed through all gastroenterologists (GE) (n=262) of the region of Nord, Pas-de-Calais, Somme and Seine-Maritime including near of 6 million of inhabitants corresponding to 9.3% of the whole French population. Collection of new cases is based on a close multidisciplinary collaboration including GE (whatever their practice), Epidemiology Unit of Hospital and University of Lille and Rouen, Biostatistics Unit of Lille Hospital and University and Academic Hospitals of Amiens, Lille and Rouen. Each GE referred patients consulting for the first time with clinical symptoms compatible with IBD. Data are collected by 9 interviewer practitioners present at the GE’s consulting room. Two independent experts GE assessed each case independently and made a final diagnosis of definite, probable, possible CD, UC or ulcerative proctitis (UP); Inflammatory Bowel Disease unclassifiable (IBDU); acute colitis or unspecified colitis. Possible cases of IBD, acute colitis and unspecified colitis are systematically followed-up and when a new event is recorded the chart is reviewed by the experts and a new final diagnosis is made. A control of the completeness collection is made each year by crossing data from Hospital Health databases. 80% of incident cases have been reported by private GE, 13% by general hospitals and 7% by academic centres. From 1988 to 2008 the mean annual incidence was 11.3/105 inhabitants for IBD including 6.4 for CD, 4.4 for UC and 0.5 for IBDU with a ratio CD/UC of 1.45. During this period CD incidence increased by 30% (100% in young adults) while that of UC remained stable. Valuable clinical information has been obtained; median time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 3 months in CD and 2 months in UC. The number of patients with a diagnosis delay > 9 months decreased over time. Age < 40 years at diagnosis was the only clinical predictor for subsequent IBD in patients with an initial diagnosis of acute colitis. Clinical presentation according to age at diagnosis may influence clinical course of IBD. In younger patients IBD had a more disabling course than in the elderly-onset IBD patients. Thanks to the large number of incident cases, we assessed spatial IBD incidence variation at the canton level and analyzed its association with a deprivation index. A spatial heterogeneity was found with a noteworthy predominance of CD in agricultural areas but no significant link with deprivation. We completed the spatial analysis using spatial scan statistics methods allowing revealing several time-constant (since 1988) clusters and other time-varying clusters. Perspectives: 1) To continue to record incident cases and establish prevalence data of IBD; 2) To study environmental risk factors using epidemiological analytic studies; 3) To study genetic risk factors establishing a geographic map of NOD2 variants in the EPIMAD’s area and 4) To assess the predictiveness of patient microbiota and host factors in a prospective, longitudinal study enrolling yet-healthy subjects at risk to develop CD (healthy patients aged 10-35 years and belonging to discordant twins, to offspring of IBD affected couples and to IBD multiplex families). In conclusion, since 1988, the EPIMAD registry has been recognized as a valuable tool for studies on genetic and environmental risk factors. It has also made it possible to reinforce networking between private practices, general and university hospitals at a regional level

    L'évolution des formes familiales de maladies de Crohn dans les familles multiplexes est-elle différente des cas sporadiques (étude cas/témoin en population générale)

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    Un Ă  22% des malades atteints de maladie de Crohn possĂšdent au moins un membre de leur famille au 1er degrĂ© atteint de la maladie. Bien que rares, les formes familiales multiplexes, dĂ©finies par au moins 3 membres au 1er degrĂ© atteints, ont une incidence particuliĂšrement Ă©levĂ©e dans notre rĂ©gion. Cependant, peu de donnĂ©es sont disponibles concernant le profil Ă©volutif de ces formes multiplexes. Objectif : L objectif principal de ce travail Ă©tait de comparer le profil Ă©volutif des formes familiales multiplexes Ă  celui des formes sporadiques. MĂ©thodes : Nous avons recensĂ© des formes multiplexes exceptionnelles de maladie de Crohn, en population gĂ©nĂ©rale, Ă  partir du registre EPIMAD. Chaque individu issu des formes multiplexes a Ă©tĂ© appariĂ© Ă  au moins un cas sporadique. Les critĂšres d appariement Ă©taient les suivants : Ăąge, sexe et phĂ©notype au diagnostic selon la classification de MontrĂ©al. Les diffĂ©rentes variables Ă©tudiĂ©es et comparĂ©es entre les deux groupes, au cours du suivi, Ă©taient les suivantes : l extension digestive de la maladie, l Ă©volution phĂ©notypique, la survenue de manifestations extra-digestives, la mise en place d une corticothĂ©rapie, d un traitement immunosuppresseur ou d une biothĂ©rapie, et le recours Ă  une chirurgie de rĂ©section. RĂ©sultats : Cinquante-neuf malades issus de 24 familles ont Ă©tĂ© inclus dans ce travail, appariĂ©s Ă  88 malades sporadiques. La durĂ©e mĂ©diane de suivi Ă©tait de 16 ans. Il n a pas Ă©tĂ© mis en Ă©vidence de diffĂ©rence entre les 2 groupes, multiplexes et sporadiques, en termes d extension digestive (75% contre 70%, n.s), d Ă©volution phĂ©notypique ou de la survenue de manifestations extra-digestives (27% contre 31%, n.s). La probabilitĂ© cumulĂ©e de recevoir un traitement immunosuppresseur Ă©tait de 46% contre 62% Ă  10 ans et 61% contre 73% Ă  20 ans (n.s). Concernant les biothĂ©rapies, la probabilitĂ© cumulĂ©e d avoir recours Ă  ce traitement Ă©tait de 14% contre 24% Ă  10 ans et 46% contre 52% Ă  20 ans (n.s). La probabilitĂ© cumulĂ©e de recours Ă  une chirurgie de rĂ©section Ă©tait de 42% contre 50% Ă  10 ans et de 49% contre 57% Ă  20 ans (n.s). Le taux de fumeurs et d ancien fumeurs Ă©tait significativement plus Ă©levĂ© chez les malades multiplexes (93% contre 53%, p<0,0001). Conclusion : Dans cette Ă©tude rĂ©alisĂ©e en population gĂ©nĂ©rale, l Ă©volution des formes familiales multiplexes n est pas plus dĂ©favorable que celle des formes sporadiques appariĂ©es. Chez les familles multiplexes, il existe une susceptibilitĂ© gĂ©nĂ©tique majorant le risque de dĂ©velopper la maladie, mais celle-ci n a probablement que peu d impact sur son profil Ă©volutif, qui pourrait ĂȘtre alors plutĂŽt sous l influence de facteurs environnementaux.LILLE2-BU SantĂ©-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Complications post-opératoires au cours des maladies inflammatoires chroniques intestinales pédiatriques (étude en population générale à partir du registre EPIMAD)

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    Dans une cohorte de MICI diagnostiquée =30 j) et leur gravité selon la classification de Dindo. Les facteurs prédictifs de complications ont été recherchés par un modÚle multivarié de Cox et exprimés par leur HR et leur IC à 95%. Résultats:AprÚs un suivi médian post chirurgical de 8 ans [3-12], 76 patients (50%) avaient présenté un total de 114 complications post-opératoires; 51 n avaient présenté qu une complication et 25 plus d une. Le pourcentage des complications graves (grade Dindo>2) était similaire dans la MC et la RCH (28% vs 27% ; p=0.95). 47 patients (31%) ont présenté 64 complications précoces incluant 32 (50%) complications infectieuses et 32 non infectieuses. 37 patients (24%) ont présenté 50 complications tardives dont la majorité était d ordre mécanique. Deux patients sont décédés 5 et 16 ans aprÚs une iléostomie définitive, l un d une défaillance multiviscérale, l autre d un probable accident vasculaire cérébral. Le risque de survenue d une complication post-opératoire était de 31% (IC 95% : 24-39) à 6 mois et de 45% (38-54) à 1 an. Pour l ensemble des MICI, l analyse multivariée a retrouvé que la RCH était prédictive de complication post-opératoire (HR=2.2, 1.3-3.9). Dans la MC, l ùge au diagnostic <14 ans et dans la RCH, un délai <15 mois entre le diagnostic et la colectomie étaient prédictifs de complications post opératoires. La corticothérapie systémique et les IS dans les 3 mois avant la chirurgie n étaient pas associés au risque de complications post-opératoires. Conclusions:Dans cette cohorte en population générale, la moitié des patients opérés de MICI à l ùge pédiatrique a présenté une complication post-opératoire. Alors que la fréquence des complications graves était similaire dans les 2 MICI, la RCH était le seul facteur de risque de complication post-opératoire. La corticothérapie systémique et les IS dans les 3 mois avant la chirurgie n étaient pas associés au risque de complications post-opératoiresLILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Review article: epidemiological and animal evidence for the role of air pollution in intestinal diseases

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    International audienceBACKGROUND: Ambient air pollution is recognized as one of the leading causes of global burden of disease. Involvement of air pollution in respiratory and cardiovascular diseases was first recognized, and then cumulative data has indicated that the intestinal tract could be also damaged.OBJECTIVE: To review and discuss the current epidemiological and animal data on the effects of air pollution on intestinal homeostasis.METHODS: An extensive literature search was conducted using Google Scholar and Pubmed to gather relevant human and animal studies that have reported the effects of any air pollutant on the intestine.RESULTS: Exposure to several gaseous and particulate matter components of air pollution have been associated either positively or negatively with the onset of various intestinal diseases including appendicitis, gastroenteric disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel diseases, and peptic ulcers. Several atmospheric pollutants have been associated with modifications of gut microbiota in humans. Animal studies have showed that inhalation of atmospheric particulate matter can lead to modifications of gut microbiota, impairments of oxidative and inflammatory intestinal balances, and disruption of gut epithelial permeability.CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the literature appears to indicate that the gut is an underestimated target of adverse health effects induced by air pollution. It is therefore important to develop additional studies that aim to better understand the link between air pollutants and gastro-intestinal diseases

    Cancer and inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly

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    International audienceCancer may be a complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or its treatments. In older Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients, the risk of malignancy is of particular concern. IBD diagnosis at an advanced age is associated with earlier development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Thiopurine use in older IBD patients is tied to an increased risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, nonmelanoma skin cancer, and urinary tract cancers. Additionally, older age is accompanied by multimorbidity, an increased risk of malnutrition, and decreased life expectancy, factors that complicate the management of cancer in the elderly. The optimal approach to the increased risk of malignancy in older age IBD is appropriate cancer screening and medical treatment. This may include age-specific colorectal cancer screening and limiting UV radiation exposure. With a growing number of older IBD patients, further studies are necessary to delineate the risk of cancer in this population

    Preventing disability in inflammatory bowel disease

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    Disability is a common worldwide health challenge and it has been increasing over the past 3 decades. The treatment paradigm has changed dramatically in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) from control of symptoms towards full control of disease (clinical and endoscopic remission) with the goal of preventing organ damage and disability. These aims are broadly similar to rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Since the 1990s, our attention has focused on quality of life in IBD, which is a subjective measure. However, as an objective end-point in clinical trials and population studies, measures of disability in IBD have been proposed. Disability is defined as ‘
any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.’ Recently, after 10 years of an international collaborative effort with the World Health Organization (WHO), a disability index was developed and validated. This index ideally would assist with the assessment of disease progression in IBD. In this review, we will provide the evidence to support the use of disability in IBD patients, including experience from rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. New treatment strategies, and validation studies that have underpinned the interest and quantification of disability in IBD, will be discussed
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