Propuesta de un modelo explicativo del bienestar psicológico en el contexto deportivo

El objetivo de este estudio fue poner a prueba un modelo teórico que explique el bienestar psicológico en el contexto del deporte. El modelo hipotetizó la influencia de la percepción del clima motivacional orientado a la tarea, la inteligencia emocional percibida, la orientación a la tarea y la motivación intrínseca sobre el bienestar psicológico. Los participantes fueron 399 deportistas españoles, 281 hombres y 118 mujeres. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostró que la inteligencia emocional percibida medió parcialmente la relación entre el clima motivacional orientado a la tarea y la orientación a la tarea, donde la orientación a la tarea influyó sobre la motivación intrínseca, y la motivación intrínseca sobre el bienestar psicológico. Además, la inteligencia emocional percibida influyó directamente sobre el bienestar psicológico. El modelo se mostró invariante respecto a la variable aficionados versus profesionales. Los resultados son discutidos en el marco de la teoría de la autodeterminación y la teoría de las metas de logroThe aim of this study was to test a theoretical model that would explain psychological well-being within the of sport. The model hypothesised the influence of the perceived task motivation climate, perceived emotional intelligence, task orientation and intrinsic motivation on psychological well-being. The participants were 399 Spanish athletes, 281 of whom were male and 118 female. Structural equation modelling showed that intelligence partially mediated the relationship between task motivational climate and task orientation, in which task orientation influenced intrinsic motivation and in turn, intrinsic motivation influenced psychological well-being. Furthermore, perceived emotional intelligence directly influenced psychological well-being. The model was invariant across two sport settings: amateur versus professional athletes. The findings are discussed within the framework of the selfdetermination and achievement goal theorie

La holónica como marco paradigmático para el diseño de interfaces

Inicialmente proponemos los principios que constituyen los sistemas holónicos y cómo estos satisfacen la ley de variedad requerida propuesta por Ashby, para su proyección en la formalización de la ingeniería de la usabilidad, así como para el diseño y desarrollo de interfaces holónicas que satisfagan los principios de autonomía, autoasertividad y cooperación, desde la identificación de su dominio de colaboración y el establecimiento de la competencias que ha de integrar en sus dominios de cooperación.Initially we propose the principles that constitute the holonics system and how these satisfy the law of required variety proposed by Ashby, for its projection in the formalization of the usability engineering, as well as for the design and development of holonic interfaces that satisfy the principles of autonomy, autoasertivity and cooperation, from their identification of collaboration’s domain and the establishment of their competences that it has to integrate in their cooperation’s domain

Diseño y desarrollo de interfaz multifuncional holónica para audioguía de ciudades

El desarrollo de una audioguía para ciudades es una ampliación del servicio desarrollado previamente con éxito para la visita guiada de museos y otros recintos cerrados. Mediante esta tecnología, el usuario puede visitar la ciudad a su ritmo y eligiendo su propio itinerario. La empresa sevillana Audiostroll, que había presentado en 2007 su primer prototipo de audioguía para ciudades con un software y hardware específicos, recurrió al grupo de Investigación de Ingeniería Holónicade la Escuela Universitaria Politécnica de Sevilla para desarrollar y diseñar una nueva interfaz multifuncional con mejores prestaciones. El proyecto de rediseño que se detalla en este artículo se ha abordado mediante técnicas de diseño y desarrollo holónico de interfaces, considerando para ello la audioguía una entidad holónica, es decir, un conjunto de las partes que lo integran y de las interacciones cooperativas entre ellas. Tras estudiar el producto bajo lo macroscópico y microscópico se ha realizado un rediseño estético-formal del producto y se ha mejorado su ergonomía cognitiva.The development of an audioguide for cities is an extension of the service previously developed with great success for guided visits to museums and other cultural attractions. Through the use of this technology, users are able to visit the city at their own pace and selecting their own itinerary. The Seville based company Audio-Stroll, which in 2007 presented its first prototype audioguide for cities with specific software and hardware, engaged the expertise of the Holonic Engineering Research group of the Technical University of Seville to develop and design a new, higher specification, multifunctional interface. The redesign project which is described in this article has been approached using holonic interface design and development techniques, for which reason the audioguide can be considered to be a holonic entity, that is, a whole composed of component parts and the co-operative interactions between them. After prior study of the product at a microscopic and macroscopic level, a formal-esthetic redesign of the product was carried out resulting in improvements in its cognitive ergonomic

Validación de la versión espanola de la escala multidimensional de orientaciones a la deportividad

The aim of this study was to translate into Spanish and validate the Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale (MSOS), which was developed in English and validated by Vallerand et al. (1997). The MSOS consistsof five subscales that measure full commitment toward sport, respect for social conventions, respect and concern for rules and officials, respect and concern for opponents, and negative approach towards sportspersonship. The Spanish version of the scale showed acceptable levels of internal consistency and temporal stability over a four-week period. The results of a confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the five-factor structure of the MSOS. Correlations among the subscales confirmed the scales construct validity. Finally, gender differences were obtained. These findings support the use of the Spanish version of the MSOS for assessing individual differences in sportspersonship orientations

Interplay between genetics and lifestyle on pain susceptibility in women with fibromyalgia: the al-Ándalus project

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (I + D+i DEP2010-15639, I + D+i DEP2013-40908-R to M.D.-F.; BES-2014-067612 to F.E.-L.), the Spanish Ministry of Education (FPU13/03410 to D.S.-T.; FPU15/0002 to B.G.-C.), the Consejeria de Turismo, Comercio y Deporte, Junta de Andalucia (CTCD-201000019242-TRA to M.D.-F.), the Consejeria de Salud, Junta de Andalucia (PI-0520-2016 to M.D.-F.) and the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES). The funders of the present study did not have any role in the study design, data collection and analyses, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.Objectives. It is widely acknowledged that the experience of pain is promoted by both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors such as engaging in physical activity (PA), and that pain-related cognitions are also important. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to test the association of 64 polymorphisms (34 candidate genes) and the gene–gene, gene–PA and gene–sedentary behaviour interactions with pain and pain-related cognitions in women with FM. Methods. Saliva samples from 274 women with FM [mean (S.D.) age 51.7 (7.7) years] were collected for extracting DNA. We measured PA and sedentary behaviour by accelerometers for a week, pain with algometry and questionnaires, and pain-related cognitions with questionnaires. To assess the robustness of the results, a meta-analysis was also performed. Results. The rs6311 and rs6313 polymorphisms (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A, HTR2A) were individually related to algometer scores. The interaction of rs4818 (catechol-O-methyltransferase, COMT) and rs1799971 (opioid receptor l gene, OPRM1) was related to pain catastrophizing. Five gene–behaviour interactions were significant: the interactions of sedentary behaviour with rs1383914 (adrenoceptor alpha 1A, ADRA1A), rs6860 (charged multivesicular body protein 1A, CHMP1A), rs4680 (COMT), rs165599 (COMT) and rs12994338 (SCN9A) on bodily pain subscale of the Short Form 36. Furthermore, the meta-analysis showed an association between rs4680 (COMT) and severity of FM symptoms (codominant model, P-value 0.032). Conclusion. The HTR2A gene (individually), COMT and OPRM1 gene–gene interaction, and the interactions of sedentary behaviour with ADRA1A, CHMP1A, COMT and SCN9A genes were associated with pain-related outcomes. Collectively, findings from the present study indicate a modest contribution of genetics and gene– sedentary behaviour interaction to pain and pain catastrophizing in women with FM. Future research should examine whether reducing sedentary behaviour is particularly beneficial for reducing pain in women with genetic susceptibility to pain.Spanish Government I + D+i DEP2010-15639 I + D+i DEP2013-40908-R BES-2014-067612 FPU13/03410 FPU15/0002Junta de Andalucia CTCD-201000019242-TRA PI-0520-2016University of Granada, Plan Propio de InvestigacionUnit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES

Modelo holónico de la ingeniería del producto

En el presente trabajo se formula un modelo holónico de la Ingeniería del Producto,soportado por las siguientes entidades holónicas: Estrategia de Producto, Producto, Proceso, Entorno de Diseño y Desarrollo. Dicho modelo se fundamenta desde los principios holónicos propuestos por Koestler y la teoría de la variedad de Ashby. Esta formulación permite dar soporte a: los requerimientos de empresa y producto extendido y virtual, así como al diseño colaborativo y distribuido inteligente.The present work we formulated a holonic model of the Product Engineering, it is supported by the following holonics entities: Product Strategy, Product, Process, Design and Development Context. This model has a foundation from holonics principles proposed by Koestler and the Ashby theory of varieties. This formulation permits giving support to: Company's requests and extended and virtual product, furthermore the collaborative and distributed intelligent

DISEÑO CONCEPTUAL DE UN DISPOSITIVO PORTÁTIL DE FLUJO DE AIRE CON HUMEDAD Y TEMPERATURA CONTROLADAS PARA USO EN PRUEBAS MECÁNICAS, IN SITU DE POLÍMEROS

Se presenta el desarrollo de un diseño conceptual de una unidad portátil de flujo de aire constante con humedad y temperatura controladas que sirva en la ejecución de pruebas mecánicas en  polímeros, en un rango de 15 a 70 grados centígrados y desde 20 a 90 porciento de humedad relativa con cargas estáticas o dinámicas aplicadas. Se describe el desarrollo del diseño conceptual, sintéticamente paso a paso, de acuerdo al método de diseño escogido para esto hasta presentar un dibujo virtual del prototipo en el cual se muestran los componentes y su ubicación dentro de la cámara.Palabra(s) Clave(s): cámara, diseño conceptual, humedad, prototipo, temperatura

Diagnosing hospital bacteraemia in the framework of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine using electronic health records and machine learning classifiers

Background The bacteraemia prediction is relevant because sepsis is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality. Bacteraemia prognosis primarily depends on a rapid diagnosis. The bacteraemia prediction would shorten up to 6 days the diagnosis, and, in conjunction with individual patient variables, should be considered to start the early administration of personalised antibiotic treatment and medical services, the election of specific diagnostic techniques and the determination of additional treatments, such as surgery, that would prevent subsequent complications. Machine learning techniques could help physicians make these informed decisions by predicting bacteraemia using the data already available in electronic hospital records. Objective This study presents the application of machine learning techniques to these records to predict the blood culture’s outcome, which would reduce the lag in starting a personalised antibiotic treatment and the medical costs associated with erroneous treatments due to conservative assumptions about blood culture outcomes. Methods Six supervised classifiers were created using three machine learning techniques, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest and K-Nearest Neighbours, on the electronic health records of hospital patients. The best approach to handle missing data was chosen and, for each machine learning technique, two classification models were created: the first uses the features known at the time of blood extraction, whereas the second uses four extra features revealed during the blood culture. Results The six classifiers were trained and tested using a dataset of 4357 patients with 117 features per patient. The models obtain predictions that, for the best case, are up to a state-of-the-art accuracy of 85.9%, a sensitivity of 87.4% and an AUC of 0.93. Conclusions Our results provide cutting-edge metrics of interest in predictive medical models with values that exceed the medical practice threshold and previous results in the literature using classical modelling techniques in specific types of bacteraemia. Additionally, the consistency of results is reasserted because the three classifiers’ importance ranking shows similar features that coincide with those that physicians use in their manual heuristics. Therefore, the efficacy of these machine learning techniques confirms their viability to assist in the aims of predictive and personalised medicine once the disease presents bacteraemia-compatible symptoms and to assist in improving the healthcare economy

Diseño de una plataforma modular de productos: aplicación a una familia de productos

En el presente artículo se expone la creación de una plataforma de producto para el diseño de una familia de productos mediante técnicas de modularización. De esta forma con pequeños esfuerzos de diseño se obtendrán productos derivados y diferenciados de forma rápida y eficiente.This article presents the development of a Product Platform for the design of a Product Family using Modularization technics. By this way, it is possible to obtain with slight efforts differenteated derivated products in an efficent and quick way

The Spider Silk Standardization Initiative (S3I): A powerful tool to harness biological variability and to systematize the characterization of major ampullate silk fibers spun by spiders from suburban Sydney, Australia

The true stress-true strain curves of 11 Australian spider species from the Entelegynae lineage were tensile tested and classified based on the values of the alignment parameter, α*, in the framework of the Spider Silk Standardization Initiative (S3I). The application of the S3I methodology allowed the determination of the alignment parameter in all cases, and were found to range between α* = 0.03 and α* = 0.65. These data, in combination with previous results on other species included in the Initiative, were exploited to illustrate the potential of this approach by testing two simple hypotheses on the distribution of the alignment parameter throughout the lineage: (1) whether a uniform distribution may be compatible with the values obtained from the studied species, and (2) whether any trend may be established between the distribution of the α* parameter and phylogeny. In this regard, the lowest values of the α* parameter are found in some representatives of the Araneidae group, and larger values seem to be found as the evolutionary distance from this group increases. However, a significant number of outliers to this apparent general trend in terms of the values of the α* parameter are described