Analyse des critères d'évaluation de systèmes multi-agents adaptatifs

http://www.emse.fr/~picard/publications/kaddoum09jfsma.pdfInternational audienceLa complexité croissante des applications actuelles favorise le développement de systèmes multi-agents auto-organisateurs possédant des propriétés self-? . Ces systèmes autonomes présentent des capacités intéressantes permettant la gestion de la dynamique endogène et exogène des applications étudiées. De nouveaux critères doivent être étudiés afin de caractériser et évaluer l'apport de ces propriétés self-? et leur influence sur les performances du système. Dans cet article, différentes catégories regroupant les principaux critères d'évaluation sont décrites afin de guider l'évaluation de ce type de systèmes depuis les phases de conception jusqu'aux phases d'exécution : évaluation du système en cours de fonctionnement, caractéristiques intrinsèques et méthodologie de conception

The AmICriM Project: A Truly Body Area Network Application

http://www.emse.fr/~picard/publications/garcia08amicrim.pdfInternational audienceThe major aim of this work is to present the AmICriM (Ambient Intelligence for Crisis Management) current activities as an upcoming research challenge in the area of body area networking by using intelligent embodied devices for supporting new crisis management services. The research outcomes of the AmICriM project will show also future directions in the area of body-area networks and communications, as well as its applications to novel approaches in which firemen would receive critical and valuable information when acting in real situations of crisis, as in case of fire in a building. This work will boost development of new technologies and solutions that will be used in the future for networking embodied intelligent devices. Moreover, the AmICriM developed technologies will be evaluated through a real service for assisting firemen in crisis situations

Experience with Adults Shapes Multisensory Representation of Social Familiarity in the Brain of a Songbird

Social animals learn to perceive their social environment, and their social skills and preferences are thought to emerge from greater exposure to and hence familiarity with some social signals rather than others. Familiarity appears to be tightly linked to multisensory integration. The ability to differentiate and categorize familiar and unfamiliar individuals and to build a multisensory representation of known individuals emerges from successive social interactions, in particular with adult, experienced models. In different species, adults have been shown to shape the social behavior of young by promoting selective attention to multisensory cues. The question of what representation of known conspecifics adult-deprived animals may build therefore arises. Here we show that starlings raised with no experience with adults fail to develop a multisensory representation of familiar and unfamiliar starlings. Electrophysiological recordings of neuronal activity throughout the primary auditory area of these birds, while they were exposed to audio-only or audiovisual familiar and unfamiliar cues, showed that visual stimuli did, as in wild-caught starlings, modulate auditory responses but that, unlike what was observed in wild-caught birds, this modulation was not influenced by familiarity. Thus, adult-deprived starlings seem to fail to discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar individuals. This suggests that adults may shape multisensory representation of known individuals in the brain, possibly by focusing the young’s attention on relevant, multisensory cues. Multisensory stimulation by experienced, adult models may thus be ubiquitously important for the development of social skills (and of the neural properties underlying such skills) in a variety of species

No need to Talk, I Know You: Familiarity Influences Early Multisensory Integration in a Songbird's Brain

It is well known that visual information can affect auditory perception, as in the famous “McGurk effect,” but little is known concerning the processes involved. To address this issue, we used the best-developed animal model to study language-related processes in the brain: songbirds. European starlings were exposed to audiovisual compared to auditory-only playback of conspecific songs, while electrophysiological recordings were made in their primary auditory area (Field L). The results show that the audiovisual condition modulated the auditory responses. Enhancement and suppression were both observed, depending on the stimulus familiarity. Seeing a familiar bird led to suppressed auditory responses while seeing an unfamiliar bird led to response enhancement, suggesting that unisensory perception may be enough if the stimulus is familiar while redundancy may be required for unfamiliar items. This is to our knowledge the first evidence that multisensory integration may occur in a low-level, putatively unisensory area of a non-mammalian vertebrate brain, and also that familiarity of the stimuli may influence modulation of auditory responses by vision

ISHAPE: new rapid and accurate software for haplotyping

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Surveillance et contrôle des activités des navires en mer ScanMaris

Surveillance and Control of Maritime Vessel Activities - ScanMaris, publication disponible : http://www.irit.fr/scanmaris/uploads/files/Article%20SCANMARIS%20WISG10.pdfNational audiencePour garantir aujourd'hui des conditions sécuritaires de passage dans les eaux territoriales et exclusives économiques françaises, le dispositif de surveillance maritime s'est renforcé en utilisant de manière optimale la synergie de ses différentes composantes: CROSS (Centre Régionaux Opérationnels de Surveillance et de Sauvetage), sémaphores, moyens nautiques et aériens des administrations en mer. Toutefois, ils ne recueillent des informations que pour des zones maritimes ou des périodes limitées. C'est pourquoi il est envisagé dans les futurs systèmes de surveillance globale et permanente, un recueil massif de données permettant de mieux gérer les situations en mer et les interventions. Pour cette prise de contrôle global des espaces maritimes en tenant compte des nombreuses informations acquises et sans empêcher ou restreindre le libre échange, il est ainsi nécessaire de développer des outils d'analyse automatisée (SCANMARIS ; Surveillance et Contrôle des Activités des Navires en Mer) par croisements des données. Il devient alors possible de suivre dans le temps et l'espace la situation des activités en mer ou liées à la mer, les flux de marchandises transportées et détecter ainsi une part des activités criminelles et illicites, et les violations à la réglementation, ainsi que les conséquences (flux de produits illicites, l'immigration clandestine, la sur exploitation des ressources halieutiques, les pollutions par des matières dangereuses, la piraterie avec prise d'otage, les sinistres, etc.)