Evaluation of hearing and cochlear function by audiometric testing in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate cochlear functions in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).METHODS: Twenty-nine HG patients (58 ears) and 31 healthy control subjects (62 ears) were included. Audiometry testings at 250 and 500 Hz and 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 kHz were performed to the patients and controls.RESULTS: Mean age of patients with HG was 26,5 ± 4,4 years and the mean age of control group was 28,0 ± 4,2 years. At the time of the tests mean gestational age of the HG group and controls were 9 and 11 weeks respectively. No differences were observed between the groups in tympanic membrane status, or other otolaringological evaluations. No significant differences were observed in audiometric tests at any frequencies between the groups (p values for all > 0.05).CONCLUSION: There was not a difference between pregnant cases with HG and cases with normal pregnancy in terms of audimetric tests. Cochlear functions are not affected remarkably in women with HG

Evaluation of hearing and cochlear function by audiometric testing in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate cochlear functions in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).METHODS: Twenty-nine HG patients (58 ears) and 31 healthy control subjects (62 ears) were included. Audiometry testings at 250 and 500 Hz and 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 kHz were performed to the patients and controls.RESULTS: Mean age of patients with HG was 26,5 ± 4,4 years and the mean age of control group was 28,0 ± 4,2 years. At the time of the tests mean gestational age of the HG group and controls were 9 and 11 weeks respectively. No differences were observed between the groups in tympanic membrane status, or other otolaringological evaluations. No significant differences were observed in audiometric tests at any frequencies between the groups (p values for all > 0.05).CONCLUSION: There was not a difference between pregnant cases with HG and cases with normal pregnancy in terms of audimetric tests. Cochlear functions are not affected remarkably in women with HG

Skuteczność oznaczania parametrów morfologii w diagnostyce ciąży ektopowej jajowodowej

Objective: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the major cause of maternal morbidity and is responsible for maternal mortality in the first trimester. In order to reduce undesirable results, it is necessary to find rapid and accurate, non-surgical diagnostic tests for EP. The goal of the study was to investigate the differences in complete blood count parameters between tubal EPs and healthy pregnancies in be used in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Study design: White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, platelet (PLT) counts, mean PLT volume (MPV) and PLT distribution width (PDW) levels in the complete blood count samples have been obtained from subjects with diagnosed tubal EP (n=78; study group) and women with healthy intrauterine gestations (n=79; control group). Statistical comparisons between groups were performed using the t test. Results: PDW levels were found to be significantly higher in the control group than EP (pCel: Ciąża ektopowa (EP) jest główną przyczyną śmiertelności matek w pierwszym trymestrze ciąży. Aby zmniejszyć niekorzystne wyniki tej choroby, konieczne jest znalezienie szybkiego i właściwego testu nieoperacyjnego służącego do rozpoznania EP. Celem badania była ocena różnic w wynikach morfologii pomiędzy pacjentkami z ciążą ektopową a zdrowymi ciężarnymi. Materiał i metoda: W próbkach pełnej krwi zbadano następujące parametry: leukocyty (WBC), neutrofile, monocyty, limfocyty, płytki krwi (PLT), średnią objętość płytki krwi (MPV), szerokość rozdziału płytek (PDW) u pacjentek z rozpoznaną ciążą jajowodową (n=78, grupa badana) oraz u zdrowych ciężarnych (n=79, grupa kontrolna). Analiza statystyczna porównująca obie grupy została wykonana przy pomocy testu t. Wyniki: PDW był istotnie wyższy w grupie kontrolnej niż w grupie EP (

Türk hukukunda eser sahibinin çoğaltma ve yayma hakları

Tezimizin başlığı, "Türk Hukukunda Eser Sahibinin Çoğaltma ve Yayma Hakları"dır. Tezimizde, çoğaltma ve yayma haklarının özellikleri, sınırları ve ihlali halleri Türk Hukuku ve uluslararası sözleşmelere göre incelenmiştir. Amacımız çoğaltma ve yayma haklarının ihlaline ilişkin önleyici tedbirleri ve ihlal gerçekleştiğinde eser sahibinin başvurabileceği dava haklarını belirlemektir. The title of the master is "Owner's İntellectual Property Right To Publich And Distribute İn Turkish Law". The thesis analyses, among Intellectual Property Rights, the rights to print and distribute, their limits, and the violations of these righs in material Turkisch Law particularly in accordance with "the Law for protecting İntellectnal and Artisanal Works" and other regulation compared with international agreements and regulations. It is an objective of the study to outline the rights of the owner and the precautions to protect the owner from acts like infringements, illegal copying, printing and distribution

The effects of mobilization programs on cardiopulmonary system in critically ill patients

Amaç: Farklı klinik tanıya sahip yogun bakım hastalarında mobilizasyon programlarına olan kardiyopulmoner yanıtları degerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Çalısma Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon Yogun Bakım Ünitesinde gerçeklestirildi. Mobilizasyon programı, sırtüstü yatıs pozisyonundan baslatılarak, 3 dk yatak içinde destekli oturma (1.asama), 3 dk yatak kenarında desteksiz oturma (2. asama), destekli ayakta durma (3. asama), yaklasık 10 metre destekli yürüme (4. asama) ve 3 dk destekli sandalyede oturma (5. asama) olmak üzere 5 asamadan olusturuldu. Hemodinamik parametreler olarakæ kalp hızı, sistolik, diyastolik ve ortalama kan basıncı, solunumsal parametreler olarakæ solunum sayısı, periferik oksijen satürasyonu (SpO2) ve Parsiyel Arteryel Oksijen Basıncı/nspiryum Havasındaki Fraksiyone Oksijen Konsantrasyonu (PaO2 / FiO2) oranı kaydedildi. Kalp hızı, sistolik, diyastolik ve ortalama kan basıncı, solunum sayısı ve SpO2 mobilizasyon öncesi, sırası ve sonrasındaæ oksijenasyonun göstergesi olan, PaO2 / FiO2 oranı ise mobilizasyon öncesi ve 30 dk sonrası arteryel kan gaz örneklerinden hesaplandı. Bulgular: Çalısmaya 40 yogun bakım hastası alındı. Mobilizasyon programının 5 asamasını da tamamlayabilen 20 hastada, mobilizasyonun destekli ayakta durma ve yürüme asamalarında, mobilizasyon öncesine göre, kalp hızı ve solunum sayısındaki artıs istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p mobilizasyon programı, yürümeden sandalyede oturmaya ilerletildiginde artıs devam etmedi (p>0.05). Mobilizasyon sonrası PaO2 / FiO2 degerinde de istatiksel olarak anlamlı ölçüde artıs oldugu belirlendi (p 8 Sonuç: Ayakta durus ve yürümede, kalp hızı ve solunum sayısında olusan degisiklikler ve oksijenasyonda olusan iyilesme, pozisyon degisikligiyle olusan fizyolojik yanıtlar olarak degerlendirildi. Yogun bakım hastalarında mobilizasyonun, kardiyopulmoner parametrelerin mobilizasyon öncesi, sırası ve sonrası sürekli izlenmesi kosuluyla, standart olarak güvenle kullanılabilecegi sonucuna varıldı. Aim: The aim of this study is to asses cardiopulmonary responses constituted by mobilization programs in the critically ill patients with different clinic diagnosis. Method: This study was conducted in the Anestesiology and Reanimation Intensive Care Unit. Mobilization program was formed in 5 stages. These stages were as follows: sitting in the bed with support for 3 min (first stage), sitting over the edge of the bed for 3 min with no support (second stage), standing with support (third stage), walking about 10 meters with support (forth stage), and sitting on a chair with support for 3 min (fifth stage). As for respiratory parametersæ respiratory rate, saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) and the ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) were recorded. Hemodynamic parametersæ including heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure were also recorded and analyzed. Heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure, respiratory rate, SpO2 were measured prior to, during and after mobilization. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio which is indicator of oxygenation was calculated from arterial blood gas before and 30 minutes after the mobilization. Results: Forty critically ill patients were taken in this study. In the 20 patients who were able to complete the five grades of the mobilization program, during the supported standing and walking stages of the mobilizations, the heart and respiratory rate statistically significant increased considering those prior to the mobilization (p any specific intervention and no further increases were observed in these parameters beyond walking when the activity was progressed to supported sitting on the chair (p>0.05). It was determined that there was a statistically increase in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio following mobilization (p 10 Conclusion: The changes in heart and respiratory rates during standing and walking with support and the improvement in oxygenation following mobilization were considered as physiologic responses due to positional changes. We think that mobilization can be performed safely in critically ill patients as a standard before, during and after the mobilization of cardiopulmonary parameters on condition that they are monitored