Seguridad De Ciclistas Circulando En Pelotón En Carretera Convencional

[ES] La afluencia de ciclistas aficionados en carreteras convencionales para la práctica de actividades deportivas es muy notable, llegando en algunos casos a que la intensidad de tráfico ciclista supere a la de tráfico motorizado. Sin embargo, la presencia de ciclistas compartiendo la infraestructura con vehículos supone un problema para la seguridad vial. Los accidentes relacionados con alcances, adelantamientos o salidas de vía tienen consecuencias muy graves, debido a la diferencia de velocidad y tamaño entre bicicletas y vehículos y a la falta de protección del cuerpo del ciclista ante un accidente.En particular, la disposición de los ciclistas al circular en la vía (individualmente, en línea, en paralelo, etc.) puede afectar a su visibilidad, capacidad de reacción y margen de seguridad disponible en las maniobras de adelantamiento realizadas por el tráfico motorizado. Esta investigación caracterizó las trayectorias y la posible invasión del sentido contrario de los vehículos a motor, cuando adelantaron a ciclistas dispuestos en diversas configuraciones de pelotón (individual, 2 en línea, 2 en paralelo).Para ello, se hizo circular a tres ciclistas, en configuraciones previamente fijadas, por un tramo de carretera convencional. Las bicicletas fueron equipadas con distanciómetros láser, medidores de velocidad, GPS cámaras de video, y un pulsador mediante el que los ciclistas valoraban el riesgo percibido cada vez que un vehículo motorizado les rebasaba. El análisis de los datos obtenidos permitió comparar, en las diversas configuraciones de pelotón, la distribución de las distancias laterales durante el adelantamiento, las velocidades de los vehículos que adelantan, y el nivel de riesgo percibido.Los resultados obtenidos proporcionaron criterios para evaluar los riesgos de circular en cada una de las configuraciones, en base a características objetivas (separación, velocidad o tipo de vehículo), y subjetivas (percepción de riesgo).Este estudio se enmarca en el proyecto “CASEFU, Estudio experimental de la funcionalidad y seguridad de las carreteras convencionales” con referencia TRA2013-42578-P, subvencionado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad.Llorca García, C.; Serra Planelles, J.; García García, A. (2016). Seguridad De Ciclistas Circulando En Pelotón En Carretera Convencional. En XII Congreso de ingeniería del transporte. 7, 8 y 9 de Junio, Valencia (España). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1709-1717. https://doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4061OCS1709171

E-learning in “innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship”: Exploring the new opportunities and challenges of technologies

Companies and society demand professionals be able to provide creative solutions with added value as well as to implement them in order to face the arising challenges in the increasingly dynamic environment. Although the transversal competence “Innovation, Creativity and Entrepreneurship” is essential for engineers that should find innovative solutions to problems, teachers find many difficulties when training and evaluating their students in the scope of the regular courses: large groups, very adjusted time to technical contents. In this context, the School of Industrial Engineering (ETSII) at Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV) is aware of the opportunities offered by new information and communication technologies to support teachers in this task while enhancing students’ generic outcomes. For this reason, an e-learning platform has been created on this competence, that offers valuable resources to students to implement this competence throughout the assigned course tasks, and supports teachers prompted to train and evaluate this transversal competence. With this platform, the authors aim to contribute to the still neglected educational aspect of entrepreneurship and address for the first time in an e-learning system its relationship with innovation and creativity

E-learning in "innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship": Exploring the new opportunities and challenges of technologies

[EN] Companies and society demand professionals be able to provide creative solutions with added value as well as to implement them in order to face the arising challenges in the increasingly dynamic environment. Although the transversal competence ¿Innovation, Creativity and Entrepreneurship¿ is essential for engineers that should find innovative solutions to problems, teachers find many difficulties when training and evaluating their students in the scope of the regular courses: large groups, very adjusted time to technical contents. In this context, the School of Industrial Engineering (ETSII) at Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV) is aware of the opportunities offered by new information and communication technologies to support teachers in this task while enhancing students¿ generic outcomes. For this reason, an e-learning platform has been created on this competence, that offers valuable resources to students to implement this competence throughout the assigned course tasks, and supports teachers prompted to train and evaluate this transversal competence. With this platform, the authors aim to contribute to the still neglected educational aspect of entrepreneurship and address for the first time in an e-learning system its relationship with innovation and creativity.The authors acknowledge the financial support partly from the ETSII of UPV and partly from the Universitat Politècnica de València through the Coordinación metodológica a través de webs de apoyo en las titulaciones de la ETSII para las Competencias Transversales PIME/19-20 Ref.150, Ref.151 and Ref.152 projects.Alemany Díaz, MDM.; Vallés Lluch, A.; Villanueva López, JF.; García-Serra García, J. (2021). E-learning in "innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship": Exploring the new opportunities and challenges of technologies. Journal of Small Business Strategy (Online). 31(1):39-50. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/189826395031

Energy audit of irrigation networks

The relationship between water and energy in water distribution systems (WDS) has been a growing concern among energy and water experts. Among the different strategies to improve water¿energy efficiency in water distribution networks, energy audits are of paramount importance as they quantify water flow requirements, the amount of energy consumed to meet demand and leakage and friction losses. Previous work has presented the energy audit process for urban WDS and this energy audit is extended to irrigation networks here. This work analyses the most common types of irrigation emitters (sprinklers and pressure compensating and non-pressure compensating drippers), hydrant specifications, irrigation management systems (on-demand or rigid scheduled), and energy losses due to friction in pipes, control valves and irrigation hydrants. The energy audit does not assess whether management of the network is optimal, but analyses the energy consumption. Some of the performance indicators have already been defined for agricultural water networks, some are identical to those of urban WDS, but in addition, a new one is presented that disaggregates the energy dissipated into three terms, energy losses in pipelines, in hydraulic valves and in irrigation hydrants. These indicators show information necessary to better understand the performance of the irrigation network under study, to carry out a deep analysis of energy consumption and to allow for comparison with similar systems. The paper presents the analysis of a real case study conducted on the irrigation network of the garden of the Universidad Politécnica de ValenciaPardo, MA.; Manzano Juarez, J.; Cabrera Marcet, E.; García Serra, J. (2013). Energy audit of irrigation networks. Biosystems Engineering. 115(1):89-101. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2013.02.005S89101115

The preservation of the chromatic image of historical cities as a cultural value. The old city of Valencia (Spain)

[EN] Understanding the physical and material characteristics of our historical cities is essential for the preservation of their hereditary and cultural values. Beyond the historical logic of the urban scene and its functional nature, the city is sensed through the spaces, which it creates and configures. The spaces of the historical city represent the soul of its history and the final result of its development. Through the architectural configuration of these spaces, we can visualize the historical and vital logic that underlies the city, the heritage of the people and cultures that make it up. The Study for the Recovery of Urban Spaces in Valencia Historical Center is an interdisciplinary project of intervention in patrimonial architecture, aiming to recover the original image of spaces in the historical city center. This is a project started in 1995 and ended in 2013, which is formed by a series of activities in which both, the Polytechnic University of Valencia as a research institution and the public administrations involved in the processes of regeneration and restoration of the historic center, take part. The aim of the project has been the start-up of a dynamic restoration process of the city's historic urban centre and its landscape value. By combining scientific studies, tasks of awareness and sensitization of population, it aims to determine the formal and chromatic characteristics of original spaces that create the architecture of the city.The conclusions of this article are based on projects funded by the Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Valencia (Spain), and the Conselleria de Cultura Educacion y Ciencia de la Generalitat Valenciana (Spain).Llopis Verdú, J.; Torres Barchino, AM.; Serra Lluch, J.; García Codoñer, Á. (2015). The preservation of the chromatic image of historical cities as a cultural value. The old city of Valencia (Spain). Journal of Cultural Heritage. 16(5):611-622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2015.01.005S61162216

Ice-Templating for the Elaboration of Oxygen Permeation Asymmetric Tubular Membrane with Radial Oriented Porosity

[EN] An original asymmetric tubular membrane for oxygen production applications was manufactured in a two-step process. A 3 mol% Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (3YSZ) porous tubular support was manufactured by the freeze-casting technique, offering a hierarchical and radial-oriented porosity of about 15 µm in width, separated by fully densified walls of about 2 µm thick, suggesting low pressure drop and boosted gas transport. The external surface of the support was successively dip-coated to get a Ce0.8Gd0.2O2¿¿ ¿ 5mol%Co (CGO-Co) interlayer of 80 µm in thickness and an outer dense layer of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3¿¿ (LSCF) with a thickness of 30 µm. The whole tubular membrane presents both uniform geometric characteristics and microstructure all along its length. Chemical reactivity between each layer was studied by coupling X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis and Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping at each step of the manufacturing process. Cation interdiffusion between different phases was discarded, confirming the compatibility of this tri-layer asymmetric ceramic membrane for oxygen production purposes. For the first time, a freeze-cast tubular membrane has been evaluated for oxygen permeation, exhibiting a value of 0.31 mL·min¿1·cm¿2 at 1000 °C under air and argon as feed and sweep gases, respectively. Finally, under the same conditions and increasing the oxygen partial pressure to get pure oxygen as feed, the oxygen permeation reached 1.07 mL·min¿1·cm¿2.Funding from the Spanish Government (ENE2014-57651 and SEV-2016-0683 grants) is kindly acknowledged.Gaudillere, CC.; García-Fayos, J.; Plaza-Belda, J.; Serra Alfaro, JM. (2019). Ice-Templating for the Elaboration of Oxygen Permeation Asymmetric Tubular Membrane with Radial Oriented Porosity. Ceramics. 2(2):246-259. https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics2020020S24625922Hashim, S. S., Mohamed, A. R., & Bhatia, S. (2011). Oxygen separation from air using ceramic-based membrane technology for sustainable fuel production and power generation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15(2), 1284-1293. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2010.10.002Rajesh, S., Pereira, J. R. S., Figueiredo, F. M. L., & Marques, F. M. B. (2014). Performance of Carbonate - LaCoO3 and La0.8Sr0.2Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ Composite Cathodes under Carbon Dioxide. Electrochimica Acta, 125, 435-442. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.01.157Serra, J. M., Garcia-Fayos, J., Baumann, S., Schulze-Küppers, F., & Meulenberg, W. A. (2013). Oxygen permeation through tape-cast asymmetric all-La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 447, 297-305. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2013.07.030Gaudillere, C., Garcia-Fayos, J., & Serra, J. M. (2014). Enhancing oxygen permeation through hierarchically-structured perovskite membranes elaborated by freeze-casting. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2(11), 3828. doi:10.1039/c3ta14069eDeville, S. (2008). Freeze-Casting of Porous Ceramics: A Review of Current Achievements and Issues. Advanced Engineering Materials, 10(3), 155-169. doi:10.1002/adem.200700270Gaudillere, C., Garcia-Fayos, J., Balaguer, M., & Serra, J. M. (2014). Enhanced Oxygen Separation through Robust Freeze-Cast Bilayered Dual-Phase Membranes. ChemSusChem, 7(9), 2554-2561. doi:10.1002/cssc.201402324Hong, L., & Chua, W. (2002). Fabrication of a dense La0.2Sr0.8CoO3−δ/CoO composite membrane by utilizing the electroless cobalt plating technique. Journal of Membrane Science, 198(1), 95-108. doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00651-2Middleton, H., Diethelm, S., Ihringer, R., Larrain, D., Sfeir, J., & Van Herle, J. (2004). Co-casting and co-sintering of porous MgO support plates with thin dense perovskite layers of LaSrFeCoO3. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 24(6), 1083-1086. doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(03)00554-5Lee, T. (1997). Oxygen permeation in dense SrCo0.8Fe0.2O3 − δ membranes: Surface exchange kinetics versus bulk diffusion. Solid State Ionics, 100(1-2), 77-85. doi:10.1016/s0167-2738(97)00257-9Balachandran, U., Dusek, J. T., Maiya, P. S., Ma, B., Mieville, R. L., Kleefisch, M. S., & Udovich, C. A. (1997). Ceramic membrane reactor for converting methane to syngas. Catalysis Today, 36(3), 265-272. doi:10.1016/s0920-5861(96)00229-5Balachandran, U., Dusek, J. T., Mieville, R. L., Poeppel, R. B., Kleefisch, M. S., Pei, S., … Bose, A. C. (1995). Dense ceramic membranes for partial oxidation of methane to syngas. Applied Catalysis A: General, 133(1), 19-29. doi:10.1016/0926-860x(95)00159-xLi, S., Jin, W., Huang, P., Xu, N., Shi, J., & Lin, Y. . (2000). Tubular lanthanum cobaltite perovskite type membrane for oxygen permeation. Journal of Membrane Science, 166(1), 51-61. doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(99)00244-6Liu, Z., Zhang, G., Dong, X., Jiang, W., Jin, W., & Xu, N. (2012). Fabrication of asymmetric tubular mixed-conducting dense membranes by a combined spin-spraying and co-sintering process. Journal of Membrane Science, 415-416, 313-319. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2012.05.011ITO, W., NAGAI, T., & SAKON, T. (2007). Oxygen separation from compressed air using a mixed conducting perovskite-type oxide membrane. Solid State Ionics, 178(11-12), 809-816. doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2007.02.031Zhu, X., Sun, S., Cong, Y., & Yang, W. (2009). Operation of perovskite membrane under vacuum and elevated pressures for high-purity oxygen production. Journal of Membrane Science, 345(1-2), 47-52. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2009.08.020Moon, J.-W., Hwang, H.-J., Awano, M., & Maeda, K. (2003). Preparation of NiO–YSZ tubular support with radially aligned pore channels. Materials Letters, 57(8), 1428-1434. doi:10.1016/s0167-577x(02)01002-9Moon, Y.-W., Shin, K.-H., Koh, Y.-H., Yook, S.-W., Han, C.-M., & Kim, H.-E. (2012). Novel Ceramic/Camphene-Based Co-Extrusion for Highly Aligned Porous Alumina Ceramic Tubes. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 95(6), 1803-1806. doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05210.xLiu, R., Yuan, J., & Wang, C. (2013). A novel way to fabricate tubular porous mullite membrane supports by TBA-based freezing casting method. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 33(15-16), 3249-3256. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2013.06.005Seuba, J., Leloup, J., Richaud, S., Deville, S., Guizard, C., & Stevenson, A. J. (2017). Fabrication of ice-templated tubes by rotational freezing: Microstructure, strength, and permeability. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 37(6), 2423-2429. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2017.01.014Knibbe, R., Hjelm, J., Menon, M., Pryds, N., Søgaard, M., Wang, H. J., & Neufeld, K. (2010). Cathode-Electrolyte Interfaces with CGO Barrier Layers in SOFC. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 93(9), 2877-2883. doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2010.03763.xQiu, L. (2003). Ln1−xSrxCo1−yFeyO3−δ (Ln=Pr, Nd, Gd; x=0.2, 0.3) for the electrodes of solid oxide fuel cells. Solid State Ionics, 158(1-2), 55-65. doi:10.1016/s0167-2738(02)00757-9ZHOU, X. (2004). Electrical conductivity and stability of Gd-doped ceria/Y-doped zirconia ceramics and thin films. Solid State Ionics, 175(1-4), 19-22. doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.040Mori, M. (2003). Evaluation of Ni and Ti-doped Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 cermet as an anode in high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Solid State Ionics, 160(1-2), 1-14. doi:10.1016/s0167-2738(03)00144-9Schulze-Küppers, F., Baumann, S., Tietz, F., Bouwmeester, H. J. M., & Meulenberg, W. A. (2014). Towards the fabrication of La0.98−xSrxCo0.2Fe0.8O3−δ perovskite-type oxygen transport membranes. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 34(15), 3741-3748. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.06.012PEREZCOLL, D., NUNEZ, P., ABRANTES, J., FAGG, D., KHARTON, V., & FRADE, J. (2005). Effects of firing conditions and addition of Co on bulk and grain boundary properties of CGO. Solid State Ionics, 176(37-38), 2799-2805. doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2005.06.023Baque, L. C., Padmasree, K., Ceniceros Reyes, M. A., Troiani, H., Arce, M. D., Serquis, A., & Soldati, A. (2016). Effect of Cobalt-Doped Electrolyte on the Electrochemical Performance of LSCFO/CGO Interfaces. ECS Transactions, 72(7), 117-121. doi:10.1149/07207.0117ecstBalaguer, M., Solís, C., Roitsch, S., & Serra, J. M. (2014). Engineering microstructure and redox properties in the mixed conductor Ce0.9Pr0.1O2−δ+ Co 2 mol%. Dalton Trans., 43(11), 4305-4312. doi:10.1039/c3dt52167bGaudillere, C., Garcia-Fayos, J., & Serra, J. M. (2014). Oxygen Permeation Improvement under CO2-Rich Environments through Catalytic Activation of Hierarchically Structured Perovskite Membranes. ChemPlusChem, n/a-n/a. doi:10.1002/cplu.201402142Garcia-Fayos, J., Søgaard, M., Kaiser, A., & Serra, J. M. (2019). Oxygen permeation studies in surface Pd-activated asymmetric Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 membranes for application in CO2 and CH4 environments. Separation and Purification Technology, 216, 58-64. doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2019.01.068Bouwmeester, H., & Burggraaf, A. (1997). Dense Ceramic Membranes for Oxygen Separation. Handbook of Solid State Electrochemistry. doi:10.1201/9781420049305.ch14Escribano, J. A., García-Fayos, J., & Serra, J. M. (2017). Shaping of 3YSZ porous substrates for oxygen separation membranes. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 37(16), 5223-5231. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2017.05.032Lobera, M. P., Balaguer, M., García-Fayos, J., & Serra, J. M. (2017). Catalytic Oxide-Ion Conducting Materials for Surface Activation of Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δMembranes. ChemistrySelect, 2(10), 2949-2955. doi:10.1002/slct.20170053

Color Composition Features in Modern Architecture

This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Serra, J., García, Á., Torres, A. and Llopis, J. (2012), Color composition features in modern architecture. Color Res. Appl., 37: 126–133. doi: 10.1002/col.20657 which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/col.20657/abstract;jsessionid=32EFF118A442D8103D1391F9485EFF4F.f04t02The color composition in modern architecture has been often characterized in a simplistic manner. In fact, this is a complex phenomenon to be studied because of the disparity of proposals and the uniqueness of the architects involved. This research starts with a comparative study of three of the most relevant color composition systems in the first half of the 20th century (Purism and Le Corbusier, Expressionism and Taut, Neoplasticism and Rietveld), and aims to find common characteristics among them, discussing the validity of some widespread ideas about it, such as the prominence of white hues, the use of "flat colors," or the conception of color during the ideation phase. We propose and demonstrate three principles that are not categorical about the color composition in modern architecture: it limits the variety of hues; it not only uses white color but also displays color to conform shapes and to transform them; color has ethical connotations and not only aesthetic ones. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Serra Lluch, J.; García Codoñer, Á.; Torres Barchino, AM.; Llopis Verdú, J. (2012). Color Composition Features in Modern Architecture. Color Research and Application. 37(2):126-133. doi:10.1002/col.20657S12613337

Procedimiento para la selección de la estrategia de regulación más adecuada en estaciones de bombeo

[ES] La selección de la mejor estrategia de operación en una estación de bombeo que impulsa caudales directamente a red es un problema complejo de problema se puede plantear como la búsqueda de la mejor estrategia en una instalación ya existente (la mejora de un sistema que está en funcionamiento con posibilidades de instalar, por ejemplo, variadores de frecuencia en los equipos de la estación de bombeo y diseñar la estrategia de regulación más adecuada) o bien, directamente, como un problema de selección tanto de los equipos de bombeo como del sistema de regulación para una estación de bombeo a diseñar. Todo ello implica que en cada caso es necesario manejar un campo de soluciones excesivamente amplio, no conociendo la existencia de herramientas que, filtrando y acotando las soluciones posibles, aborden dicho problema teniendo en cuenta las variables más significativas: modelo de las bombas a instalar con sus curvas características, bombas de velocidad fija (BVF), número de bombas de velocidad variable (BVV), rendimiento mínimo aceptable, velocidad mínima y máxima de giro de las bombas, tarifas eléctricas, caudales a impulsar, etc. Debido a esto, el técnico se ve obligado a técnica que acote el número de soluciones. Al actuar de esta forma es posible que en muchos casos se desestimen soluciones atractivas desde el punto de vista energético y económico.Gómez Pajares, P.; García-Serra García, J.; Soriano Olivares, J.; Giner González, C. (2015). Procedimiento para la selección de la estrategia de regulación más adecuada en estaciones de bombeo. Universidad de Córdoba. 1191-1202. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/141658S1191120

Estrategias óptimas para la reducción de pérdidas de agua en sistemas de abastecimiento

[ES] La justificada y creciente preocupación por mejorar el aprovechamiento del agua en los sistemas de abastecimiento exige aumentar la calidad y rendimiento de dichos sistemas. El presente artículo presenta una serie de técnicas encaminadas a reducir las pérdidas de agua e incrementar la eficiencia de los abastecimientos. La metodología propuesta propone criterios de selección y optimización de las estrategias que deben ser aplicadas para conseguir estos objetivos de forma óptima. En este sentido se establece una jerarquía en base a criterios técnicos y de rentabilidad económica, que con la ayuda de modelos matemáticos y la debida coordinación con las demás funciones de la gestión y explotación del abastecimiento, permitirá confeccionar un programa integral para alcanzar y mantener un estado óptimo de funcionamiento del sistema. Asimismo, se recomienda efectuar un análisis completo del sistema hidráulico que, a través de su diagnóstico, determine las causas que disminuyen su seguridad y rendimiento, de modo que puedan optimizarse económicamente las medidas necesarias para cumplir las restricciones de riesgo máximo aceptable y eficiencia mínima exigida en el aprovechamiento de los recursos hídricos y energéticos, cada vez más escasos.Vela, A.; Martínez, F.; García-Serra, J.; Pérez, R. (1994). Estrategias óptimas para la reducción de pérdidas de agua en sistemas de abastecimiento. Ingeniería del Agua. 1(1):35-54. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.1994.2630SWORD355411A.E.A.S. (1990) "El Suministro de Agua Potable en España -1987" Documento técnico publicado por la Asociación Española de Abastecimiento y Saneamiento.A.E.A.S. (1992) "El Suministro de Agua Potable en España -1990" Documento técnico publicado por la Asociación Española de Abastecimiento y Saneamiento.Cabrera E., Andrés M., Planells F. (1994) "Optimal Management of Pipe Network Maintenance by Cost Analysis of Water Losses". Journal AWWA, aceptado para su publicación, Julio 1994Cabrera, E. (1989) "Régimen de Explotación Óptimo en un Abastecimiento de Agua" El Agua en la Comunidad Valenciana. Generalitat Valenciana.Cascetta F., Vigo P. (1992) "Location and assessment of water leakage" Measurement + Control, Volume 25, November 1992.Cesario, Al (1991) "Network Analysis for Planning, Engineering, Operations and Management Perspectives" Journal AWWA, pp 38-42, February 1991.Coulbeck, B. (1988) "Computer Applications in Water Supply" Volume 1 - Systems Analysis and Simulations.Germanopoulos G. (1989) "Leakage reduction by excess pressure minimization in a water supply network" Proc. Instn. Civil Engrs. Part. 2. Paper 9404.Goulter I.C., Kazemi A. (1989). "Analysis of water distribution pipe failure types in Winnipeg, Canadá" Journal of Transportation Engineering. Vol. 115. n°2.Jowitt P. (1990) "Optimal valve control in water distribution networks" Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. Vol. 116, No. 4.Khadam M., Shammas N. (1991) "Water Losses from Municipal Utilities and their impacts" 1WRA, Water International, 16, No 4, 254-261.Koelle, E. (1989) "Modelización y control de redes de distribución de Agua Potable" El Agua en la Comunidad Valenciana. Generalitat Valenciana y UPV.Liggett, J. (1992) "Network monotoring and the algorithmic location of leaks under steady conditions" Los abastecimientos de agua urbanos. Estado actual y tendencias futuras. UIMP. Valencia.Lord W., Chase J. (1983)."Choosing the optimal water conservation policy" Journal AWWA. Management and Operations. pp 324-329.July 1983.Male J.W. Noss R.R. (1985). "Identifying and reducing losses in water distribution systems" Noyes Publications. New Jersey.Martínez F. (1989) "Modelización y diseño de redes de distribución de agua" El agua en la Comunidad Valenciana. Generalitat Valenciana.Shamir U., Howard C.D.D. (1979) "An Analytical Approach to Scheduling Pipe Replacement" Journal AWWA, 71:5:248.Valerio A., Giles H. (1988) "A Simple Economic Model For The Selection Of The Optimum Method of Leakage Control" Water International, 13 92-97.Vela A. (1993) Contribución a la diagnosis y optimización del mantenimiento integral de sistemas de distribución de agua. Tesis Doctoral. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia.Walski T.M. (1984) Analysis of Water Distribution Systems. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York.Walski T.M. (1987) "Replacement Rules for Water Mains " Journal AWWA. Management and Operations. pp 33-37. November 198

Aportaciones al colorido de la modernidad "Made in Italy": Piero Bottoni y la gradación cromática que nunca fue

[ES] Sin resumenSerra Lluch, J.; García Codoñer, Á.; Llopis Verdú, J. (2009). Aportaciones al colorido de la modernidad "Made in Italy": Piero Bottoni y la gradación cromática que nunca fue. EGA. Revista de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. (14):180-187. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2009.10254SWORD1801871