Caractérisation du carcinome mammaire de phénotype basal

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

Intervención de terapia ocupacional en un caso de artritis reumatoide

El siguiente trabajo consiste en una intervención desde terapia ocupacional (TO) en un caso de artritis reumatoide en un paciente con 5 años de evolución con la enfermedad. Se trabajan las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (AVD) y la funcionalidad, teniendo como propósito general proporcionarle herramientas útiles para afrontar, en un futuro, un brote de la mejor manera posible, a la vez que se pretende mejorar el rango articular, disminuir el dolor mediante técnicas de protección y educación gestual y adiestramiento de AVD. El recurso en el que se trabaja es el domicilio propio del paciente. La evaluación se ha realizado mediante observación directa de AVD, medición de rango articular activo, Escala Analógica Visual (EVA) y la versión española del Health Assessment Questionnarie (HAQ). Después de realizar el tratamiento mediante actividades y proceso de asesoría se consiguieron mejorar las puntuaciones de las escalas, el rango y una realización eficaz de las AVD. En conclusión, la intervención desde TO, basada en la evidencia encontrada, puede ser beneficiosa para este tipo de pacientes

Utilización del emulador em88110 para la realización de prácticas de las asignaturas del plan 96 de la Facultad de Informática de la U.P.M.

La introducción del nuevo plan de estudios de la Facultad de Informática de la U.P.M. con la correspondiente reestructuración de las asignaturas que cubren los conocimientos de Estructura y Arquitectura de Computadores. ha hecho necesaria la reestructuración del contenido práctico de dichas asignaturas, en la que se ha considerado la necesidad de incluir prácticas en las que se contemplen conceptos considerados básicos en la actualidad. Por otra parte. la realización de prácticas sobre una máquina real comercial (p.e. un SuperSparc) plantea una serie de inconvenientes que complican en exceso la asimilación de los conceptos que se desean comprender. Aquí se plantea la utilización de un emulador que proporcione al alumno un entorno de trabajo integrado. que pueda ejecutarse en distintas plataformas (desde PC's hasta estaciones de trabajo multiprocesador) y permita la realización de distintas prácticas. de complejidad progresiva. Con ello perseguimos afianzar los conocimientos teóricos que se deben adquirir, al cursar las asignaturas de Estructura, Laboratorio y Arquitectura de Computadores. las dos primeras correspondientes a segundo curso y la tercera a tercer curso

em88110: Emulación de un procesador superescalar

La enseñanza de la programación en ensamblador es un punto fundamental a la hora de conocer la arquitectura proporcionada por un computador. Por otra parte. las tendencias arquitectónicas de las máquinas actuales hacen que las técnicas de aumento de prestaciones basadas en la emisión de múltiples instrucciones por ciclo (máquinas superescalares) sean de uso generalizado hoy en día. La utilización de este tipo de plataformas para la realización de prácticas por el alumnado ofrece un entorno hostil y con dificultades añadidas para la depuración de los programas objeto de las prácticas. Estas razones nos llevaron a construir un emulador configurable de una máquina superescalar que permitiera elaborar un conjunto de prácticas. desde la más sencilla hasta prácticas más complejas. que utilicen todas las características de una máquina actual. Este emulador permite aportar una máquina virtual en la que el alumno programa sus prácticas independientemente de los problemas adicionales generados por una máquina real

Effect of bovine ABCG2 Y581S polymorphism on concentrations in milk of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin

P. 5731-5738The ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2) is involved in the secretion of several drugs into milk. The bovine Y581S ABCG2 polymorphism increases the secretion into milk of the fluoroquinolone danofloxacin in Holstein cows. Danofloxacin and enrofloxacin are the fluoroquinolones most widely used in veterinary medicine. Both enrofloxacin (ENRO) and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) reach milk at relatively high concentrations. The aim of this work was to study the effect of the bovine Y581S ABCG2 polymorphism on in vitro transport as well as on concentrations in plasma and in milk of ENRO and CIPRO. Experiments using cells over-expressing bovine ABCG2 showed the effects of ABCG2 on the transport of CIPRO demonstrating more efficient in vitro transport of this antimicrobial by the S581 variantS

Determination of Methane Oxidation in Landfill Fugitive Emissions by 13C Isotope Measurements

Still today, the final destiny of a large part of the waste dumped is landfilling, which is an important source of methane. Quantifying the amount of methane that is oxidized when the landfill gas passes through the seal, it can provide valuable information when determining the total GHG potential emission of a landfill. In this work, methane oxidation has been determined for landfill gas samples taken on the surface of three Spanish landfills. For this, it has been determined the 13C isotopic signal in methane by cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS-WS). Previously, the preference of methanotrophic bacteria for 12C isotope versus 13C has been quantified using soil samples from the three landfills. The results obtained show a great variability, ranging from 0 to 70% of methane oxidized. This variability can be explained with the specific characteristics of each sample, suggesting a consistent methodology

Role of ABCG2 in secretion into milk of the anti-inflammatory flunixin and its main metabolite: in vitro-in vivo correlation in mice and cows

35 p.Flunixin meglumine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) widely used in veterinary medicine. It is indicated to treat inflammatory processes, pain and pyrexia in farm animals. In addition, it is one of the few NSAIDs approved for use in dairy cows, and consequently gives rise to concern regarding its milk residues. The ABCG2 efflux transporter is induced during lactation in the mammary gland and plays an important role in the secretion of different compounds into milk. Previous reports have demonstrated that bovine ABCG2 Y581S polymorphism increases fluoroquinolone levels in cow milk. However, the implication of this transporter in the secretion into milk of anti-inflammatory drugs has not yet been studied. The objective of this work was to study the role of ABCG2 in the secretion into milk of flunixin and its main metabolite, 5-hydroxyflunixin, using Abcg2(-/-) mice, and to investigate the implication of the Y581S polymorphism in the secretion of these compounds into cow milk. Correlation with the in vitro situation was assessed by in vitro transport assays using MDCKII cells overexpressing murine and the two variants of the bovine transporter. Our results show that flunixin and 5-hydroxyflunixin are transported by ABCG2 and that this protein is responsible for their secretion into milk. Moreover, the Y581S polymorphism increases flunixin concentration into cow milk, but it does not affect milk secretion of 5-hydroxyflunixin. This result correlates with the differences in the in vitro transport of flunixin between the two bovine variants. These findings are relevant to the therapeutics of anti-inflammatory drug

Compuestos neurogénicos basados en melatonina y su uso en el tratamiento de enfermedades del sistema nervioso

La presente invención, que se incluye en el campo de la investigación e industria farmacéutica, se refiere a nuevas entidades químicas derivadas de melatonina con propiedades neurogénicas, moduladoras de los receptores de melatonina y/o serotonina, antioxidantes y/o colinérgicas. También se refiere a los procedimientos para la preparación de estos nuevos compuestos, a las composiciones farmacéuticas que los contienen y a su uso para la fabricación de un medicamento para el tratamiento de enfermedades del sistema nervioso relacionadas con degeneración neuronal, depresión, trastornos psiquiátricos y cognitivos, trauma o lesión celular, u otro trastorno neurológico relacionado, tratamiento de fatiga diurna, trastornos del sueño, pérdida de eficacia mental, debilidad e irritabilidad y síntomas relacionados con la descompensación horaria (efecto jet-lag o síndrome transoceánico).Peer reviewedConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de MadridB1 Patente sin examen previ

Shorter telomeres are associated with shell anomalies in a long-lived tortoise

Age-related telomere length (TL) variation is relatively well-described for mammals, birds and other model organisms. Nevertheless, it remains largely unknown in ectotherms, especially turtles and tortoises, which are extremely long-lived species with slow or negligible senescence. In this study, we described TL dynamics in wild spur-thighed tortoises (Testudo graeca), one of the chelonian species with the lowest aging rates. By combining cross-sectional (single) and longitudinal (capture–recapture) samplings, we assessed the relationship between TL and individual characteristics (sex, age, individual growth rate, body condition index, presence of shell anomalies). We did not find any association between TL and sex, individual growth rate, or body condition. However, the relationship with age remains uncertain, likely due to the complex dynamics of TL over time. Interestingly, shorter telomeres correlated significantly with shell anomalies, which are usually assumed as a fitness proxy for reptiles. Overall, our results suggest TL as a potential indicator for ontogenetic studies on tortoises, while its utility as a marker of biological age appears limited.This work was supported by Project PID2019-105682RA-I00 and TED2021-130381B-I00, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), the last also with the support of the European Union ‘NextGenerationEU/PRTR’. RCRC is supported by the European Union-Next Generation EU in the Maria Zambrano Programme (ZAMBRANO 21-26)

A mixture of algae and extra virgin olive oils attenuates the cardiometabolic alterations associated with aging in male wistar rats

Aging is one of the major risk factors for suffering cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Due to the increase in life expectancy, there is a strong interest in the search for anti-aging strategies to treat and prevent these aging-induced disorders. Both omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) exert numerous metabolic and cardiovascular benefits in the elderly. In addition, EVOO constitutes an interesting ingredient to stabilize ω-3 PUFA and decrease their oxidation process due to its high content in antioxidant compounds. ω-3 PUFA are commonly obtained from fish. However, more ecological and sustainable sources, such as algae oil (AO) can also be used. In this study, we aimed to study the possible beneficial effect of an oil mixture composed by EVOO (75%) and AO (25%) rich in ω-3 PUFA (35% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 20% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) on the cardiometabolic alterations associated with aging. For this purpose; young (three months old) and old (24 months old) male Wistar rats were treated with vehicle or with the oil mixture (2.5 mL/kg) for 21 days. Treatment with the oil mixture prevented the aging-induced increase in the serum levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and the aging-induced decrease in the serum concentrations of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Old treated rats showed increased serum concentrations of EPA and DHA and decreased HOMA-IR index and circulating levels of total cholesterol, insulin and IL-6. Treatment with the oil mixture increased the mRNA levels of antioxidant and insulin sensitivity-related enzymes, as well as reduced the gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers in the liver and in cardiac and aortic tissues. In addition, the treatment also prevented the aging-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular insulin resistance through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Moreover, aortic rings from old rats treated with the oil mixture showed a decreased response to the vasoconstrictor AngII. In conclusion, treatment with a mixture of EVOO and AO improves the lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and vascular function in aged rats and decreases aging-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver, and in the cardiovascular system. Thus, it could be an interesting strategy to deal with cardiometabolic alterations associated with aging.This project was funded by the call “Doctorados Industriales 2017” (IND2017/BIO7701), a grant from Community of Madrid (Spain). This program aims to promote the effective collaboration between Universities and Companies and provides funding for the development of the research project at the University and, to hire a PhD student (Daniel González-Hedström) by the Company (Pharmactive Biotech Products S.L.) over a three-year period. Community of Madrid also funded the contract of María de la Fuente-Fernández through the Youth Employment Program (PEJ-2018-AI/SAL-11315