The United States Should Withdraw its Reservations to the Genocide Convention: A Response to Professor Paust\u27s Proposal

A reiteration of Professor Paust\u27s views on the topic, followed by an alternative course of action, and the international and domestic aspects of the withdrawal process

The 1982 Convention and Customary Law of the Sea: Observations, a Framework, and a Warning

This Article examines the relationship between the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention and customary international law of the sea. The authors warn against the simple inquiry of whether the 1982 Convention codifies existing customary law, and propose a three-category approach with which to analyze the Convention\u27s provisions. The authors argue that the relationship between the 1982 Convention and customary international law is an organic, interactive process that will preoccupy legal scholarship for the rest of the decade and that any attempt to arrive at a definitive treatment of this issue would be impossible

Chronic traumatic wound. A case report

Among many types of chronic wounds there is a place for traumatic wounds. The circumstances in which they appeared influence their nature. Traumatic wounds are often very deep and a fight to save the wounded parts of the body such as the upper limb requires medical and nursing actions. Proceedings in accordance with the applicable recommendation of scientific societies guarantee a success in the form of restoration of continuity of the skin. A case of 23 years old- man, whose accident at the workplace caused a deep loss for the dorsum of left hand, is presented in the study. Interdisciplinary and local actions based on the latest recommendations in line with the foundation’s strategy resulted in a T.I.M.E strategy have been appliedWśród wielu rodzajów ran przewlekłych szczególne miejsce zajmują rany urazowe. Na ich zróżnicowany charakter bardzo często mają wpływ okoliczności, w jakich doszło do jej powstania. Niejednokrotnie rany urazowe są bardzo rozległe, głębokie i „walka” o uratowanie okaleczonej części ciała np. kończyny górnej, wymaga podejmowania wielokierunkowych i zespołowych działań lekarsko-pielęgniarskich. Postępowanie zgodne z obowiązującymi rekomendacjami towarzystw naukowych gwarantuje sukces w postaci odtworzenia ciągłości skóry. W pracy zaprezentowano opis przypadku 23- letniego mężczyzny, u którego w wyniku wypadku w miejscu pracy powstał głęboki ubytek na dłoni kończyny górnej lewej. Interdyscyplinarne, zespołowe działania i postępowanie miejscowe oparte na najnowszych rekomendacjach, zgodne z założeniami strategii T.I.M.E, wpłynęło na uzyskanie postawionego wspólnie celu w postaci przygotowania łożyska rany do przeszczepu skórnego

Przewlekła rana pourazowa. Opis przypadku.

Among many types of chronic wounds there is a place for traumatic wounds. The circumstances in which they appeared influence their nature. Traumatic wounds are often very deep and a fight to save the wounded parts of the body such as the upper limb requires medical and nursing actions. Proceedings in accordance with the applicable recommendation of scientific societies guarantee a success in the form of restoration of continuity of the skin. A case of 23 years old- man, whose accident at the workplace caused a deep loss for the dorsum of left hand, is presented in the study. Interdisciplinary and local actions based on the latest recommendations in line with the foundation’s strategy resulted in a T.I.M.E strategy have been appliedWśród wielu rodzajów ran przewlekłych szczególne miejsce zajmują rany urazowe. Na ich zróżnicowany charakter bardzo często mają wpływ okoliczności, w jakich doszło do jej powstania. Niejednokrotnie rany urazowe są bardzo rozległe, głębokie i „walka” o uratowanie okaleczonej części ciała np. kończyny górnej, wymaga podejmowania wielokierunkowych i zespołowych działań lekarsko-pielęgniarskich. Postępowanie zgodne z obowiązującymi rekomendacjami towarzystw naukowych gwarantuje sukces w postaci odtworzenia ciągłości skóry. W pracy zaprezentowano opis przypadku 23- letniego mężczyzny, u którego w wyniku wypadku w miejscu pracy powstał głęboki ubytek na dłoni kończyny górnej lewej. Interdyscyplinarne, zespołowe działania i postępowanie miejscowe oparte na najnowszych rekomendacjach, zgodne z założeniami strategii T.I.M.E, wpłynęło na uzyskanie postawionego wspólnie celu w postaci przygotowania łożyska rany do przeszczepu skórnego

Neutral sphingomyelinase mediates the co-morbidity trias of alcohol abuse, major depression and bone defects

Mental disorders are highly comorbid and occur together with physical diseases, which are often considered to arise from separate pathogenic pathways. We observed in alcohol-dependent patients increased serum activity of neutral sphingomyelinase. A genetic association analysis in 456,693 volunteers found associations of haplotypes of SMPD3 coding for NSM-2 (NSM) with alcohol consumption, but also with affective state, and bone mineralisation. Functional analysis in mice showed that NSM controls alcohol consumption, affective behaviour, and their interaction by regulating hippocampal volume, cortical connectivity, and monoaminergic responses. Furthermore, NSM controlled bone–brain communication by enhancing osteocalcin signalling, which can independently supress alcohol consumption and reduce depressive behaviour. Altogether, we identified a single gene source for multiple pathways originating in the brain and bone, which interlink disorders of a mental–physical co-morbidity trias of alcohol abuse—depression/anxiety—bone disorder. Targeting NSM and osteocalcin signalling may, thus, provide a new systems approach in the treatment of a mental–physical co-morbidity trias

Investigating variation in replicability

Although replication is a central tenet of science, direct replications are rare in psychology. This research tested variation in the replicability of 13 classic and contemporary effects across 36 independent samples totaling 6,344 participants. In the aggregate, 10 effects replicated consistently. One effect – imagined contact reducing prejudice – showed weak support for replicability. And two effects – flag priming influencing conservatism and currency priming influencing system justification – did not replicate. We compared whether the conditions such as lab versus online or US versus international sample predicted effect magnitudes. By and large they did not. The results of this small sample of effects suggest that replicability is more dependent on the effect itself than on the sample and setting used to investigate the effect

Neutral sphingomyelinase mediates the co-morbidity trias of alcohol abuse, major depression and bone defects

Abstract Mental disorders are highly comorbid and occur together with physical diseases, which are often considered to arise from separate pathogenic pathways. We observed in alcohol-dependent patients increased serum activity of neutral sphingomyelinase. A genetic association analysis in 456,693 volunteers found associations of haplotypes of SMPD3 coding for NSM-2 (NSM) with alcohol consumption, but also with affective state, and bone mineralisation. Functional analysis in mice showed that NSM controls alcohol consumption, affective behaviour, and their interaction by regulating hippocampal volume, cortical connectivity, and monoaminergic responses. Furthermore, NSM controlled bone–brain communication by enhancing osteocalcin signalling, which can independently supress alcohol consumption and reduce depressive behaviour. Altogether, we identified a single gene source for multiple pathways originating in the brain and bone, which interlink disorders of a mental–physical co-morbidity trias of alcohol abuse—depression/anxiety—bone disorder. Targeting NSM and osteocalcin signalling may, thus, provide a new systems approach in the treatment of a mental–physical co-morbidity trias