82 research outputs found
Distribution of myogenic progenitor cells and myonuclei is altered in women with vs. those without chronically painful trapezius muscle
Changes in systemic GDF15 across the adult lifespan and their impact on maximal muscle power: the Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study
Background Although growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is known to increase with disease and is associated
with low physical performance, the role of GDF15 in normal ageing is still not fully understood. Specifically, the influ ence of circulating GDF15 on impairments in maximal muscle power (a major contributor to functional limitations) and
the underlying components has not been investigated.
Methods Data from 1305 healthy women and men aged 20 to 93 years from The Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study were
analysed. Circulating levels of GDF15 and markers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and
high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) were measured by ELISA (R&D Systems) and multiplex bead-based immunoassays
(Bio-Rad). Relative (normalized to body mass), allometric (normalized to height squared), and specific (normalized to
leg muscle mass) muscle power were assessed by the Nottingham power rig [leg extension power (LEP)] and the 30 s
sit-to-stand (STS) muscle power test. Total body fat, visceral fat, and leg lean mass were assessed by dual energy X-ray
absorptiometry. Leg skeletal muscle index was measured as leg lean mass normalized to body height squared.
Results Systemic levels of GDF15 increased progressively as a function of age in women (1.1 ± 0.4 pg·mL 1
·year 1
)
and men (3.3 ± 0.6 pg·mL 1
·year 1
) (both P < 0.05). Notably, GDF15 increased at a faster rate from the age of 65 years
in women (11.5 ± 1.2 pg·mL 1
·year 1
, P < 0.05) and 70 years in men (19.3 ± 2.3 pg·mL 1
·year 1
, P < 0.05), resulting
in higher GDF15 levels in men compared with women above the age of 65 years (P < 0.05). Independently of age and
circulatory markers of inflammation, GDF15 was negatively correlated to relative STS power (P < 0.05) but not LEP, in
both women and men. These findings were mainly explained by negative associations of GDF15 with specific STS
power in women and men (both P < 0.05).
Conclusions A J-shaped relationship between age and systemic GDF15 was observed, with men at older age showing
steeper increases and elevated GDF15 levels compared with women. Importantly, circulating GDF15 was indepen dently and negatively associated with relative STS power, supporting the potential role of GDF15 as a sensitive
biomarker of frailty in older people
Low temperature circulating fluidized bed gasification and co-gasification of municipal sewage sludge. Part 1: Process performance and gas product characterization
Changes imposed by pyrolysis, thermal gasification and incineration on composition and phosphorus fertilizer quality of municipal sewage sludge
The Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study:lean mass, strength, power, and physical function in a Danish cohort aged 20-93 years
Abstract Background Despite no international consensus on the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, low lean mass, muscle strength, and physical function are important risk factors for disability, frailty, and mortality in older individuals, as well as in a wide range of patients with muscle loss. Here, we provide a population‐based reference material of total and regional lean body mass, muscle strength/power parameters, and physical function in a healthy cohort of Danish men and women across the lifespan. Methods Volunteers aged 20–93 years from the Copenhagen City Heart Study were invited to establish a Danish reference material (Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study) on lean mass characteristics [appendicular lean mass (ALM), iDXA, GE Lunar], muscle function [handgrip strength (HGS), Jamar dynamometer and leg extension power (LEP), Nottingham Power Rig], and physical function [30 s sit‐to‐stand test (STS), 10‐m maximal and habitual gait speed (GS)]. Results A total of 1305 participants [729 women (age: 56.4 ± 18.9 years, height: 1.66 ± 0.01 m, body mass index: 24.6 ± 4.3 kg/m2 and 576 men, age: 57.0 ± 17.5 years, height: 1.80 ± 0.07 m, body mass index: 26.0 ± 3.9 kg/m2] completed all measurements and were included in the present analysis. Lean mass characteristics (TLM, ALM, and ALM/h2) decreased with increasing age in both men and women (P < 0.001). Men demonstrated larger absolute and relative total ALM and higher HGS and LEP compared with women at all age intervals (P < 0.001). HGS and LEP decreased progressively with age in both men and women (P < 0.01); 30 s STS performance, habitual GS, and maximal GS decreased at an accellerated rate of decline with increasing age in both men and women (P < 0.001). Habitual GS was reduced in men and women aged ≥70 years, while maximal GS was reduced from the age of ≥60 years compared with young adults (P < 0.001). Regardless of sex, 30 s STS was reduced from the age of ≥50 years compared with the young reference group (P < 0.001) Conclusions While the power‐based measurements (LEP and 30 s STS) started to decline already at age +50 years, less power‐based parameters (GS and HGS) and lean mass characteristics (TLM, ALM, and ALM/h2) remained unaltered until after the age of +70 years. Notably, the cut‐off thresholds derived in the present study differed from earlier reference data, which underlines the importance of obtaining updated and local reference materials
Asparaginase-Associated Pancreatitis in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia : Results From the NOPHO ALL2008 Treatment of Patients 1-45 Years of Age
PURPOSE Asparaginase-associated pancreatitis (AAP) is common in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but risk differences across age groups both in relation to first-time AAP and after asparaginase re-exposure have not been explored. PATIENTS AND METHODS We prospectively registered AAP (n = 168) during treatment of 2,448 consecutive ALL patients aged 1.0-45.9 years diagnosed from July 2008 to October 2018 and treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL2008 protocol. RESULTS Compared with patients aged 1.0-9.9 years, adjusted AAP hazard ratios (HRa) were associated with higher age with almost identical HRa (1.6; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.3; P = .02) for adolescents (10.0-17.9 years) and adults (18.0-45.9 years). The day 280 cumulative incidences of AAP were 7.0% for children (1.0-9.9 years: 95% CI, 5.4 to 8.6), 10.1% for adolescents (10.0 to 17.9 years: 95% CI, 7.0 to 13.3), and 11.0% for adults (18.0-45.9 years: 95% CI, 7.1 to 14.9; P = .03). Adolescents had increased odds of both acute (odds ratio [OR], 5.2; 95% CI, 2.1 to 13.2; P = .0005) and persisting complications (OR, 6.7; 95% CI, 2.4 to 18.4; P = .0002) compared with children (1.0-9.9 years), whereas adults had increased odds of only persisting complications (OR, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.4 to 11.8; P = .01). Fifteen of 34 asparaginase-rechallenged patients developed a second AAP. Asparaginase was truncated in 17/21 patients with AAP who subsequently developed leukemic relapse, but neither AAP nor the asparaginase truncation was associated with increased risk of relapse. CONCLUSION Older children and adults had similar AAP risk, whereas morbidity was most pronounced among adolescents. Asparaginase re-exposure should be considered only for patients with an anticipated high risk of leukemic relapse, because multiple studies strongly indicate that reduction of asparaginase treatment intensity increases the risk of relapse. (C) 2019 by American Society of Clinical OncologyPeer reviewe
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