The inspiring pedagogy and practice of ignorance: reflections on the use of a particular scrapbook approach in the early years nursery to facilitate curiosity and engagement

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Prospectus, May 3, 1990

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1990/1013/thumbnail.jp

Genetic patterns reveal geographic drivers of divergence in silvereyes ( Zosterops lateralis)

Identifying mechanisms that drive population divergence under varying geographic and ecological scenarios can inform our understanding of evolution and speciation. In particular, analysis of genetic data from island populations with known colonisation timelines allows us to identify potential source populations of diverging island subspecies and current relationships among populations. Silvereyes (Zosterops lateralis) are a small passerine that have served as a valuable study system to investigate evolutionary patterns on both large and small geographic scales. We examined genetic relatedness and diversity of two silvereye subspecies, the mainland Z. l. cornwalli and island Z. l. chlorocephalus, and used 18 077 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), to compare locations across southeast Queensland, Australia. Although silvereyes are prolific island colonisers our findings revealed population divergence over relatively small spatial scales was strongly influenced by geographic isolation mediated by water barriers. Strong genetic connectivity was displayed between mainland sites, but minimal inter-island connectivity was shown despite comparable sampling distances. Genetic diversity analysis showed little difference in heterozygosity between island and mainland populations, but lower inbreeding scores among the island populations. Our study confirmed the range of the Z. l. chlorocephalus subspecies throughout the southern Great Barrier Reef. Our results show that water barriers and not geographic distance per se are important in driving incipient divergence in island populations. This helps to explain the relatively high number of phenotypically differentiated, but often geographically proximate, island silvereye subspecies compared to a lower number of phenotypically less well-defined Australian continental subspecies

The processing of formulaic language

It is generally accepted that we store representations of individual words in our mental lexicon. There is growing agreement that the lexicon also contains formulaic language (How are you? kick the bucket). In fact, there are compelling reasons to think that the brain represents formulaic sequences in long-term memory, bypassing the need to compose them online through word selection and grammatical sequencing in capacity-limited working memory. The research surveyed in this chapter strongly supports the position that there is an advantage in the way that native speakers process formulaic language compared to nonformulaic language. This advantage extends to the access and use of different types of formulaic language, including idioms, binomials, collocations, and lexical bundles. However, the evidence is mixed for nonnative speakers. While very proficient nonnatives sometimes exhibit processing advantages similar to natives, less proficient learners often have been shown to process formulaic language in a word-by-word manner similar to nonformulaic language. Furthermore, if the formulaic language is idiomatic (where the meaning cannot be understood from the component words), the figurative meanings can be much more difficult to process for nonnatives than nonidiomatic, nonformulaic language

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Therapy Affects Left Ventricular Mass in Patients With Ejection Fraction >40% After Acute Myocardial Infarction

AbstractObjectives. We tested the hypothesis that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy decreases left ventricular (LV) mass in patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >40% and no evidence of heart failure after their first acute Q wave myocardial infarction (MI).Background. Recently, ACE inhibitor therapy has been shown to have an early mortality benefit in unselected patients with acute MI, including patients without heart failure and a LVEF >35%. However, the effects on LV mass and volume in this patient population have not been studied.Methods. Thirty-five patients with a LVEF >40% after their first acute Q wave MI were randomized to titrated oral ramipril (n = 20) or conventional therapy (control, n = 15). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed an average of 7 days and 3 months after MI provided LV volumes and mass from summated serial short-axis slices.Results. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index did not change in ramipril-treated patients (62 ± 16 [SD] to 66 ± 17 ml/m2) or in control patients (62 ± 16 to 68 ± 17 ml/m2), and stroke volume index increased significantly in both groups. However, LV mass index decreased in ramipril-treated patients (82 ± 18 to 73 ± 19 g/m2, p = 0.0002) but not in the control patients (77 ± 15 to 79 ± 23 g/m2). Systolic arterial pressure did not change in either group at 3-month follow-up.Conclusions. In patients with a LVEF >40% after acute MI, ramipril decreased LV mass, and blood pressure and LV function were unchanged after 3 months of therapy. Whether the decrease in mass represents a sustained effect that is associated with a decrease in morbid events requires further investigation.(J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:49–54)

The Global COVID-19 Observatory and Resource Center for Childhood Cancer: A response for the pediatric oncology community by SIOP and St. Jude Global

The COVID-19 pandemic quickly led to an abundance of publications and recommendations, despite a paucity of information on how COVID-19 affects children with cancer. This created a dire need for a trusted resource with curated information and a space for the pediatric oncology community to share experiences. The Global COVID-19 Observatory and Resource Center for Childhood Cancer was developed, launched, and maintained by the International Society of Pediatric Oncology and St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. The three components (Resource Library, Global Registry, and Collaboration Space) complement each other, establishing a mechanism to generate and transfer knowledge rapidly throughout the community.Fil: Moreira, Daniel C.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Sniderman, Elizabeth. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Mukkada, Sheena. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Chantada, Guillermo Luis. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; ArgentinaFil: Bhakta, Nickhill. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Foster, Whitney. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Avula, Meghana. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Homsi, Maysam R.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Faughnan, Lane. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Happ, Brooke. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Andujar, Allyson. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Sonnenfelt, Jason. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Dalvi, Rashmi. Bombay Hospital And Medical Research Centre; IndiaFil: Frazier, A. Lindsay. No especifíca;Fil: Hessissen, Laila. Universite Mohammed V. Rabat; Otros paises de ÁfricaFil: Kearns, Pamela R.. No especifíca;Fil: Luna Fineman, Sandra. No especifíca;Fil: Moreno, Arturo. Hospital Universitario de Puebla; MéxicoFil: Saghir Khan, Muhammad. No especifíca;Fil: Sullivan, Michael. Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne; AustraliaFil: Devidas, Meenakshi. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Santana, Victor. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Caniza, Miguela. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Pritchard Jones, Kathy. University College London; Estados UnidosFil: Rodriguez Galindo, Carlos. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados Unido

Overall and cancer related mortality among patients with ocular inflammation treated with immunosuppressive drugs: retrospective cohort study

Context Whether immunosuppressive treatment adversely affects survival is unclear

East Chisenbury Midden 2015−17: further investigations of the late prehistoric midden deposits, enclosure and associated settlement

After a gap of almost two decades further investigations were initiated at this remarkable late prehistoric midden site, supported by Operation Nightingale/Breaking Ground Heritage. Geophysical survey clarified the extent of the broadly contemporary enclosure surrounding the midden, as well as other related features, while subsequent excavations provided new information on the midden, the enclosure and settlement. Two small trenches in the northeast half of the midden revealed a different sequence and produced far fewer finds than the 1992−3 excavations in the southwest half, demonstrating that it is not a homogeneous mound. A substantial ditch and associated bank, largely levelled by the late Roman period, may have been contemporary with or pre-dated the early development of the midden, while some 150 postholes attested to the presence of numerous roundhouses and other structures within the enclosure. Overall, a date range of c. 1000−500 cal. BC and possibly later is suggested from radiocarbon dating and pottery, the main phase of midden development perhaps later than the majority of the settlement. Furthermore, recent results of radiocarbon dating of material from the earlier excavations suggest the site sequence may continue as late as c. 400 cal. BC. Radiocarbon dating of the few human remains has also highlighted the likelihood that some were curated, the probable intervals between the dates of death and deposition ranging from a few decades to three centuries. Finds and environmental assemblages are generally consistent with those previously found, but a few sherds of scratch cordoned bowl represent a significant new discovery, as does a unique copper alloy ‘pendant’ of possible continental origin. Evidence now indicates that cattle, as well as sheep and pigs, were intensively managed and slaughtered on site, with the isotope data suggesting local origins for most of the animals, though some cattle may have been raised on pasturage further afield