Stroke and sexual health: A systematic review of psychological interventions aimed at improving sexual health of stroke survivors

Objectives: Evaluate the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions and digital interventions aimed at improving the sexual health of stroke survivors documented in the literature. Method: The databases searched were MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, EBSCO (APA PsycINFO and APA PsycArticles), and Cochrane. Following PRISMA guidelines, data were collected by a single author, with the consultation of co-authors when clarifications were needed. Only original publications in English were included. The risk of bias was assessed using tools such as ROBINS-I, Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias Tool, and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results: From an initial total of 1053 publications identified, 5 studies were included. The study designs included randomized clinical studies, a quasi-experimental study, a cross-sectional study, and a case study. No studies were identified on the efficacy of digital interventions. The predominant intervention model used in most of the studies was the PLISSIT model, with or without psycho-educational supplements. Conclusions: Although available literature points to the benefits of psychotherapeutic interventions in promoting the sexual health of stroke survivors, the data showed differences in the degree of this efficacy, even among those based on the PLISSIT model. This research underscores the potential benefits of tailored interventions for post-stroke sexual rehabilitation and highlights areas for future research

Avaliação dos efeitos da hipoperfusão a nível intestinal

A hipovolémia e a hipoperfusão são condições frequentes nos Centros de Atendimento Médico-Veterinários, secundárias a eventos traumáticos, tais como acidentes rodoviários, lesões penetrantes, mordeduras de animais e procedimentos cirúrgicos, eventos que colocam em perigo a vida dos animais uma vez que, uma das principais causas da hipoperfusão severa em emergências veterinárias é a hemorragia. A sobrevivência dos animais em estado de hipoperfusão depende, em muito, do controlo da hemorragia, da eficiência da reposição da volémia perdida e dos esforços feitos para preservar ao máximo a integridade de todos os órgãos. Para tal, é essencial o recurso à fluidoterapia. Ainda não se sabe ao certo qual o melhor fluido, coloide ou cristaloide, para situações de hipoperfusão. O objetivo deste estudo, consistiu na comparação do efeito de dois fluidos distintos, um cristaloide o Lactato de Ringer e um coloide o Hidroxietilamido 130/0,4 na perfusão intestinal de um modelo animal submetido a anestesia geral e posterior hemorragia provocada, seguido de reposição volémica. Para atingir este objetivo recorreu-se ao modelo suíno, tentando mimetizar as circunstâncias presentes nos casos de perdas de sangue agudas traumáticas, particularmente durante intervenções cirúrgicas sob anestesia geral. A fim de avaliar as diferenças obtidas nos grupos interrelacionados, efetuou-se o estudo histopatológico para detetar lesões teciduais, usando a coloração de rotina de hematoxilina e eosina, e o estudo de deteção de fenómenos pré e apoptóticos, através de métodos imunohistoquímicos (Citocromo C e TUNEL) e de imunofluorescência (M30). No final do estudo foi possível concluir que o Lactato de Ringer possui uma maior capacidade de prevenção da arquitetura celular, em situações de hipoperfusão, hemorragia e recuperação sob anestesia geral a nível intestinal, quando comparado com o Hidroxietilamido 130/0,4.ABSTRACT: ypovolaemia and hypoperfusion are frequent conditions in the Medical Veterinary Care Centers, secondary to traumatic events, such as road accidents, penetrating injuries, animal bites and surgical procedures, events that endanger the lives of the respective victims, one of the main causes of severe hypoperfusion in veterinary emergencies is hemorrhage. The survival of the animals in a state of hypoperfusion depends largely on the control of bleeding, the efficiency of the replacement of the lost volume and the efforts made to preserve the integrity of all organs to the maximum extent. For this, the use of fluid therapy is essential. The best fluid, colloid or crystalloid, for hypoperfusion situations is not yet known. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of two distinct fluids, a crystalloid Ringer's Lactate and a colloid o Hydroxyethylamido 130 / 0.4 in the intestinal perfusion of an animal model submitted to general anesthesia and subsequent bleeding, followed by volume replacement. To achieve this goal, the pig model was used, trying to mimic the circumstances present in cases of acute traumatic blood loss, particularly during surgical procedures under general anesthesia. In order to evaluate the differences obtained in the interrelated groups, the histopathological study was carried out to detect tissue lesions using routine staining of hematoxylin and eosin, and the study of detection of pre and apoptotic phenomena using immunohistochemical methods (Cytochrome C and TUNEL) and immunofluorescence (M30). At the end of the study, it was possible to conclude that Ringer Lactate has a greater ability to prevent cellular architecture, in situations of hypoperfusion, hemorrhage and recovery under general anesthesia at intestinal level, when compared to Hydroxyethylamido 130 / 0.4

Instantaneous cell migration velocity may be ill-defined

Cell crawling is critical to biological development, homeostasis and disease. In many cases, cell trajectories are quasi-random-walk. In vitro assays on flat surfaces often described such quasi-random-walk cell trajectories as approximations to a solution of a Langevin process. However, experiments show quasi-diffusive behavior at small timescales, indicating that instantaneous velocity and velocity autocorrelations are not well-defined. We propose to characterize mean-squared cell displacement using a modified F\"urth equation with three temporal and spatial regimes: short- and long-time/range diffusion and intermediate time/range ballistic motion. This analysis collapses mean-squared displacements of previously published experimental data onto a single-parameter family of curves, allowing direct comparison between movement in different cell types, and between experiments and numerical simulations. Our method also show that robust cell-motility quantification requires an experiment with a maximum interval between images of a few percent of the cell-motion persistence time or less, and a duration of a few orders-of-magnitude longer than the cell-motion persistence time or more.Comment: 5 pages, plus Supplemental materia

Corte salarial na Função Pública: implicações para o contrato psicológico

O presente estudo procurou conhecer como a percepção dos cortes salariais no sector público se relacionava com o contrato psicológico dos trabalhadores e consequentemente no desejo de saída da Função Pública, compromisso afectivo e desejo de saída da Organização. Numa amostra constituída por 212 colaboradores da Função Pública percebeu-se que os trabalhadores têm dois contratos psicológicos - um com o Estado e outro com a Organização, onde exercem diariamente as suas funções. Verificou-se ainda que as percepções dos trabalhadores de razões legítimas para a mudança têm uma relação negativa com a ruptura do contrato psicológico com a Função Publica e após se controlar este efeito verifica-se que o mesmo acontece com a Organização. No que diz respeito às percepções dos trabalhadores acerca de razões não legítimas para a mudança conclui-se que não têm relação significativa com a ruptura do contrato psicológico com a Função Pública ou com a Organização. Por fim constatou-se que a percepção de ruptura do contrato psicológico se relaciona significativamente com o desejo de abandono da Função Pública, bem como da Organização e também com o compromisso afectivo com a Organização.This study analyzed how the perception of a reduction in the monthly income of Public Service workers related with their psychological contract, affective commitment and desire of turnover. Using a sample of 212 Public Service workers, this study confirmed that workers had two distinct psychological contracts: one with the State and another with the Organization where they performed their daily tasks. We also verified that workers‟ perceptions on legitimate reasons for that change related negatively with psychological contract breach of Public Service. Once this effect is controlled, we observed that workers also considered that psychological contract of Organization were breached. Contrary of expectations, the worker‟s perceptions of non-legitimate reasons were not related with these perceptions of psychological contract breach. Lastly, this study toward confirmed that the breach perception of the psychological contract related with the desire of turnover from Public Service, as well as the desire of turnover from Organization and with the workers‟ commitment Organization

Effectiveness of cognitive remediation for female inmates: a pilot study

There is considerable evidence that neurocognitive deficits are frequent among incarcerated offenders. However, current correctional programming does not directly seek to remediate deficits in offenders’ neurocognitive deficits. In this pilot project, we sought to treat neurocognitive deficits in incarcerated Portuguese adult women offenders (n = 28) using cognitive remediation to target cognitive flexibility, memory, and planning. Statistically significant positive changes, with medium to large effect sizes, were discovered across several neurocognitive domains, including attention, speed of processing, verbal learning and memory, cognitive flexibility, and planning. We also found a decrease in the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety, tension/stress, and on disturbed behavior in prison. Cognitive remediation has the potential to enhance the neurocognitive functioning of incarcerated women. Controlled research is needed to establish cognitive remediation fully as an intervention for the treatment of neurocognitive deficits of incarcerated women.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

PELATIHAN SOLFEGIO PADA PADUAN SUARA NHKBP BANDUNG REFORMANDA SEKTOR DAGO

Penelitian ini berjudul “Pelatihan Solfegio Pada Paduan Suara NHKBP Bandung Reformanda Sektor Dago”. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui implementasi solfegio dan hasil gambaran peningkatan kemampuan menyanyikan notasi melalui solfegio pada anggota paduan suara NHKBP Reformanda sektor Dago. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) kualitatif, dengan harapan data penelitian dapat dijelaskan lebih rinci. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Kemudian dilakukan pengolahan data melalui reduksi, penyajian dan verifikasi data. Hasil temuan data tersebut adalah mengenai penerapan solfegio dalam latihan rutin paduan suara memberikan dampak yang baik bagi paduan suara NHKBP Bandung Reformanda Sektor Dago. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bawah kemampuan anggota paduan suara menyanyikan notasi meningkat tiap siklusnya. Para anggota paduan suara memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan menyanyi paduan suara, mampu menebak dan membaca notasi musik yang diperlukan dalam bernyanyi. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan solfegio dalam latihan rutin paduan suara dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menyanyikan notasi anggota paduan suara NHKBP Bandung Reformanda Sektor Dago.Kata kunci : Solfegio, Kemampuan Menyanyikan Notasi, Paduan Suar

Begging and feeding responses vary with relatedness and sex of provisioners in a cooperative breeder

Begging behaviour can provide information on offspring hunger levels and be used by parents to adjust food provisioning efforts. In cooperative breeders, helpers also provide care by feeding the young. However, how helpers of different sex and relatedness to the offspring respond to begging behaviour has rarely been studied in cooperatively breeding species, which limits our understanding of the indirect and/or direct benefits that helpers may obtain by responding to offspring demand. Here, we used a cooperatively breeding bird, the sociable weaver, Philetairus socius, to investigate how nest intervisit intervals of breeders and different types of helpers, distinguished by sex and relatedness, varied with acoustic begging. Moreover, we tested whether these different classes of provisioners experienced distinct levels of begging. Our results show that only breeding males, but not breeding females or helpers of any sex and relatedness to the nestlings, returned faster to the nest to feed after experiencing more begging calls. When contrasted directly, we confirmed a statistically supported difference in responses to begging between male and female breeders. Surprisingly, second-order relatives experienced more begging calls than the other classes of more related helpers and breeders. These results show that we might find differences in how provisioners respond to begging levels when classifying group members according to their potential fitness gains. In sociable weavers, the benefits and costs of adjusting feeding efforts to begging seem to differ with sex and life history stage. Experimental and more detailed investigations on begging-feeding interactions are necessary to understand the origin and prevalence of these differences across cooperatively breeding systems. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/)

Shape-velocity correlation defines polarization in migrating cell simulations

Cell migration plays essential roles in development, wound healing, diseases, and in the maintenance of a complex body. Experiments in collective cell migration generally measure quantities such as cell displacement and velocity. The observed short-time diffusion regime for mean square displacement in single-cell migration experiments on flat surfaces calls into question the definition of cell velocity and the measurement protocol. Theoretical results in stochastic modeling for single-cell migration have shown that this fast diffusive regime is explained by a white noise acting on displacement on the direction perpendicular to the migrating cell polarization axis (not on velocity). The prediction is that only the component of velocity parallel to the polarization axis is a well-defined quantity, with a robust measurement protocol. Here, we ask whether we can find a definition of a migrating-cell polarization that is able to predict the cell's subsequent displacement, based on measurements of its shape. Supported by experimental evidence that cell nucleus lags behind the cell center of mass in a migrating cell, we propose a robust parametrization for cell migration where the distance between cell nucleus and the cell's center of mass defines cell shape polarization. We tested the proposed methods by applying to a simulation model for three-dimensional cells performed in the CompuCell3D environment, previously shown to reproduce biological cells kinematics migrating on a flat surface