Comparison of the proteomic profile of pork byproducts during their storage

In this article, the proteomic profiles of pork by-products (snout, tongue, liver, kidney, spleen) were studied by comparative method on the first day and the fifth day of their storage. Two-dimensional electrophoresis according to O’Farrell was used for the aims of this article, while the results were further processed in ImageMaster software. Proteomic maps of by-products showed clear changes in protein composition after visualization and images analysis. There was a decrease and increase in manifestation intensity of some proteins. The study of the obtained electrophoregrams with the help of references resources allowed identifying various compounds in the by-products. 9 protein fractions with various intensity of manifestation were found on the day 1st and 5th. On the 1st day the following substances were intensively manifested: in the liver — glutathione peroxidase 4 (22.3 kDa), LEAP-2 (8.8 kDa); in the kidneys — quinone oxidoreductase (34.9 kDa); in the spleen — glycoprotein CD59 (13.7 kDa), in the patch — protein flint (49.07 kDa). It is noted that these proteins play their role in stopping certain processes in cells, like oxidation, microbial activity, and accumulation of toxic substances. These processes can worsen the quality of raw materials, and further lead to spoilage of the food product. On the 5th day of storage the highest intensity of manifestation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (35.8 kDa) in the liver was observed; superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (15.8 kDa) was noted in the kidneys, colony-stimulating factor (16.2 kDa) was observed in the spleen and glutaredoxin –1 (11.8 kDa) in the tongue. In its turn, on the fifth day these chemical processes manifested themselves more intensely, as the fatty acids and glucose broke down. To obtain more accurate results, the proteins were compared by their volume. Among the identified fractions the highest expression was observed in LEAP 2 (8.8 kDa) on the first day, and in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (35.8 kDa) on the fifth day. The least change in the intensity of manifestation was noted for superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (15.8 kDa), which volume increased during storage by 13% for 5 days. The analysis of the obtained electrophoregrams allowed identifying various compounds, tracing the changes in the qualitative composition of protein in by-products during various periods of their storage. The obtained data demonstrate the transformation of protein molecules during storage, which makes it possible to determine the changes and quality of the food products.In this article, the proteomic profiles of pork by-products (snout, tongue, liver, kidney, spleen) were studied by comparative method on the first day and the fifth day of their storage. Two-dimensional electrophoresis according to O’Farrell was used for the aims of this article, while the results were further processed in ImageMaster software. Proteomic maps of by-products showed clear changes in protein composition after visualization and images analysis. There was a decrease and increase in manifestation intensity of some proteins. The study of the obtained electrophoregrams with the help of references resources allowed identifying various compounds in the by-products. 9 protein fractions with various intensity of manifestation were found on the day 1st and 5th. On the 1st day the following substances were intensively manifested: in the liver — glutathione peroxidase 4 (22.3 kDa), LEAP-2 (8.8 kDa); in the kidneys — quinone oxidoreductase (34.9 kDa); in the spleen — glycoprotein CD59 (13.7 kDa), in the patch — protein flint (49.07 kDa). It is noted that these proteins play their role in stopping certain processes in cells, like oxidation, microbial activity, and accumulation of toxic substances. These processes can worsen the quality of raw materials, and further lead to spoilage of the food product. On the 5th day of storage the highest intensity of manifestation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (35.8 kDa) in the liver was observed; superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (15.8 kDa) was noted in the kidneys, colony-stimulating factor (16.2 kDa) was observed in the spleen and glutaredoxin –1 (11.8 kDa) in the tongue. In its turn, on the fifth day these chemical processes manifested themselves more intensely, as the fatty acids and glucose broke down. To obtain more accurate results, the proteins were compared by their volume. Among the identified fractions the highest expression was observed in LEAP 2 (8.8 kDa) on the first day, and in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (35.8 kDa) on the fifth day. The least change in the intensity of manifestation was noted for superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (15.8 kDa), which volume increased during storage by 13% for 5 days. The analysis of the obtained electrophoregrams allowed identifying various compounds, tracing the changes in the qualitative composition of protein in by-products during various periods of their storage. The obtained data demonstrate the transformation of protein molecules during storage, which makes it possible to determine the changes and quality of the food products

Biotechnological techniques for intensification of protein extraction from the porcine pancreas

Processing of secondary products after slaughter of farm animals is in demand. The pancreas is a rich source of bioactive protein substances, effective extraction of which is a serious problem today due to their aggregation. The aim of the work was to assess the extractivity of protein substances of the porcine pancreas using sodium chloride, trehalose, arginine, and combination of glycine and proline. The protein concentration was determined in the obtained extracts by the biuret reaction and their protein composition was assessed by densitometry of two-dimensional electropherograms using software ImageMaster™ 2D Platinum powered by Melanie 8.0. The results showed a positive effect of anti-aggregation agents on the release of protein substances into a solution. The highest protein concentration (33.36±0.64 g/l) was observed when adding 1М L-arginine; however, it was conditioned mainly by an increase in the content of three major protein fractions rather than by diversity of the protein composition. In general, the use of 0.9% NaCl as an extractive agent was quite effective, but selectivity to certain protein groups was observed for anti-aggregation agents such as sodium chloride, trehalose, arginine, glycine and proline, as well as their combination. The obtained results are important for intensifying extraction of protein substances including target ones with the subsequent application in different fields

Peculiarities of mental and behavioral disorders due to use of designer drugs among young population and problems of early diagnostics (literature review).

The analysis of the data of the domestic and foreign literature regarding the dynamics of narcotization among children and adolescents is carried out. It has been established that at present the growth rates of the use of psychoactive substances by minors far outstrip those of the adult population. It is also determined that in most cases "adult" drug addiction is formed in a teenage environment and therefore adolescents are a group of high-risk narcotization. Besides, new types of additions are constantly added: non-opioid analgetics, antidepressants, pharmacy products based on medicinal plants with stimulating or sedative properties, new means of perfumery and household chemicals, volatile organic compounds, etc. In this regard, in the clinical picture of drug intoxication, new variations of affective, psycho-organic and psychosomatic effects and complications are noted. In recent years, synthetic cannabinoids has rapidly gained "popularity" among young people that are successfully promoted by marketers. They are the part of the so-called designer drugs, appearing in the markets in the form of bath salts, flavors, fertilizers for indoor plants and "smoking mixtures" - spices. The publications of domestic and foreign authors give a lot of evidence of the ability of these substances not only to cause a state of intoxication, alienation, relaxation, but also leads to dependence on them with severe consequences for the psyche and all organism as a whole. Thus, the powerful anthropogenic damaging effect of designer drugs demonstrates concrete signals of a threat to health, demography and the economy of the society as a result of their use by the population

On the leaf development in Oedipodium (Oedipodiales, Bryophyta)

Leaf development in Oedipodium griffithianum was studied based on herbarium and living material, using microscopic observations of plants at different stages of development and series of sections. It turned out that the apical cell may lose its bifacial structure, thus the leaves develop the bilaterally symmetric areolation pattern, similar to that seen in Oedipodium protonematayesBelgorod State National Research Universit

Paraffin embedded cancer tissue 2D terahertz imaging and machine learning analysis

Absorption spectra of paraffin-embedded prostate and adenocarcinoma cancer tissues an

Laser Therapy in Correction of Optimization of Surgical Endointoxication

The problem of endointoxication remains one of the most urgent in modern surgery. The severity of the intoxication syndrome is determined not only by the intensity of the entry of toxic substances into the bloodstream from the lesion focus, but also by the adequacy of the functioning of the main mechanisms of detoxification - elimination of toxins. Clinical and laboratory studies of 62 patients with acute peritonitis were performed. To this end, daily sessions of laser therapy with “Matrix” were conducted for 5 days after the operation, using a head of KLO3 (radiation with a wavelength of 635 nm, 2 mW). Laser irradiation of blood through the skin in the projection of the ulnar vein was performed for 30 minutes. Using laser therapy for patients with acute peritonitis led to the reduction of the endogenous intoxication severity. The level of medium-mass molecules (λ = 280 nm) decreased by 13.3-26.2% compared to the control, the level of average-weight molecules (λ = 254 nm) decreased by 15.5-32.6% (p <0.05) against the background of laser therapy. Thus, the use of laser therapy in patients with acute peritonitis has led to a decrease in the severity of endogenous intoxication. One of the significant components of this treatment is its ability to improve microcirculation and, as a result, to correct lipid peroxidation and hypoxia, which reduces catabolic phenomena (one of the sources of endogenous intoxication). Clinical and laboratory studies have established that the effectiveness of such treatment decreases with severe forms of peritonitis

Comparison of the proteomic profile of pork byproducts during their storage

In this article, the proteomic profiles of pork by-products (snout, tongue, liver, kidney, spleen) were studied by comparative method on the first day and the fifth day of their storage. Two-dimensional electrophoresis according to O’Farrell was used for the aims of this article, while the results were further processed in ImageMaster software. Proteomic maps of by-products showed clear changes in protein composition after visualization and images analysis. There was a decrease and increase in manifestation intensity of some proteins. The study of the obtained electrophoregrams with the help of references resources allowed identifying various compounds in the by-products. 9 protein fractions with various intensity of manifestation were found on the day 1st and 5th. On the 1st day the following substances were intensively manifested: in the liver — glutathione peroxidase 4 (22.3 kDa), LEAP-2 (8.8 kDa); in the kidneys — quinone oxidoreductase (34.9 kDa); in the spleen — glycoprotein CD59 (13.7 kDa), in the patch — protein flint (49.07 kDa). It is noted that these proteins play their role in stopping certain processes in cells, like oxidation, microbial activity, and accumulation of toxic substances. These processes can worsen the quality of raw materials, and further lead to spoilage of the food product. On the 5th day of storage the highest intensity of manifestation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (35.8 kDa) in the liver was observed; superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (15.8 kDa) was noted in the kidneys, colony-stimulating factor (16.2 kDa) was observed in the spleen and glutaredoxin –1 (11.8 kDa) in the tongue. In its turn, on the fifth day these chemical processes manifested themselves more intensely, as the fatty acids and glucose broke down. To obtain more accurate results, the proteins were compared by their volume. Among the identified fractions the highest expression was observed in LEAP 2 (8.8 kDa) on the first day, and in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (35.8 kDa) on the fifth day. The least change in the intensity of manifestation was noted for superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (15.8 kDa), which volume increased during storage by 13% for 5 days. The analysis of the obtained electrophoregrams allowed identifying various compounds, tracing the changes in the qualitative composition of protein in by-products during various periods of their storage. The obtained data demonstrate the transformation of protein molecules during storage, which makes it possible to determine the changes and quality of the food products

ДОСВІД ВИКОРИСТАННЯ КРОСВОРДІВ ПРИ ВИКЛАДАННІ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ “ПСИХІАТРІЯ. НАРКОЛОГІЯ”

The aim of the work – to find ways for improving the mastery of some topics in the teaching discipline of “Psychiatry. Narcology” for students, in particular, through crossword puzzles.The main body. The research was based on the study of materials obtained from open sources of information and the use of author’s crossword puzzles created at the Department of Psychiatry, General and Medical Psychology of Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy of Health Ministry of Ukraine. The study was attended by 57 domestic 4th course students of General Medicine specialty, who instead of the entrance test control had to solve crossword puzzles of the topic of the practical lesson “Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of substances which are not included in the state list of narcotics”. Also for determining of effectiveness of the proposed form of assessment of students’ knowledge, a questionnaire containing 4 questions was developed. Obtained results revealed both a positive and a negative attitude of students towards the effectiveness of this method.Conclusions. According to the results of study, it can be concluded that resolving of crossword puzzles as a control of students’ class work has become a positive experience in the practical application of new learning methods. Using crossword puzzles in teaching discipline can be a powerful incentive for gaining new knowledge. However, this method is more appropriate to use as self-control or to control independent extra-curricular work, which will improve the student’s level of education and will form the planned curriculum competencies in the discipline “Psychiatry. Narcology”.Мета роботи – пошук шляхів покращення засвоєння деяких тем при навчанні студентів дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”, зокрема за допомогою кросвордів.Основна частина. Дослідження базувалось на вивченні матеріалів, отриманих із відкритих джерел інформації, та використанні авторських кросвордів, створених на кафедрі психіатрії, загальної та медичної психології ДЗ “Дніпропетровська медична академія МОЗ України”. У дослідженні взяли участь 57 вітчизняних студентів 4 курсу спеціальності “Лікувальна справа”, яким замість вхідного тестового контролю необхідно було розв’язати кросворди за темою практичного заняття “Психічні та поведінкові розлади внаслідок вживання речовин, які не внесені в державний перелік наркотиків”. Також для визначення ефективності запропонованої форми оцінки знань студентів було розроблено опитувальник, що містить 4 питання. Отримані результати виявили як позитивне, так і негативне ставлення з боку студентів до ефективності даного способу.Висновки. Розв’язання кросвордів в якості контролю аудиторної роботи студентів стало позитивним досвідом практичного застосування нових способів навчання. Використання кросвордів у викладанні дисципліни може бути потужним стимулом для набуття нових знань. Однак більш доцільно застосовувати дану методику в якості самоконтролю або для контролю самостійної позааудиторної роботи, що поліпшить рівень навчання студентів та сформує заплановані навчальною програмою компетенції з дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”

ФОРМУВАННЯ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ У СТУДЕНТІВ-МЕДИКІВ З ДИСЦИПЛІНИ “ПСИХІАТРІЯ. НАРКОЛОГІЯ” ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ РОЛЬОВИХ ІГОР

The aim of the work – to develop and introduce into practice of pedagogical activities the role games on some topics of the discipline of Psychiatry. Narcology.The main body.  Modern medical education requires from students not only receiving a certain list of knowledge and skills, but also the formation of the necessary competences, that is, the skills of using the acquired knowledge in practice. One such competency is the ability to quickly and effectively diagnose neurotic disorders in patients. The research was based on the effectiveness of the use of author’s role-playing games in the study of the topic “Neurotic disorders”. The study was attended by 44 students of the 4th course of Medical Faculty on the specialty of Medicine. For assess effectiveness of role games, a questionnaire was used that included 4 questions about the expediency, effectiveness and personal impressions of students on the proposed form of study. The obtained results revealed high efficiency and positive attitude of students to this method.Conclusions. According to results of the study, authors made a thesis about possibility and expediency of using role-playing games in teaching students the discipline of Psychiatry. Narcology. Acting either “a patient” or as “a doctor”, students better and deeper structure the acquisition of knowledge and can to train using them in practice in a safe environment. Proposed form of a lesson is able to improve students the educational level and form competencies that have planned in the typical curriculum of the discipline of Psychiatry. Narcology.Мета роботи – розробка та впровадження в практичну педагогічну діяльність рольових ігор з деяких тем дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”.Основна частина. Сучасна медична освіта потребує від студентів не лише освоєння певних знань та вмінь, а формування необхідних компетентностей, тобто навичок використання отриманих знань у практичній діяльності. Однією з таких компетентностей є здатність швидко та ефективно діагностувати невротичні розлади у хворих. Дослідження базувалось на оцінці ефективності використання авторських рольових ігор при вивченні теми “Невротичні розлади”. У дослідженні взяли участь 44 студенти IV курсу медичних факультетів спеціальності “Лікувальна справа”. Для оцінки ефективності рольових ігор використано опитувальник, який включав 4 питання про доцільність, ефективність та особисті враження студентів від запропонованої форми навчання. Отримані результати виявили високу ефективність та позитивне ставлення студентів до даного методу.Висновки. За результатами проведеного дослідження зроблено висновок про можливість та доцільність використання рольових ігор у навчанні студентів дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”, оскільки виступаючи або у ролі хворого, або у ролі лікаря студенти краще та глибше структурують отримання знання та можуть у безпечних умовах тренуватися використовувати їх на практиці. Запропонована форма заняття здатна поліпшити рівень навчання студентів та формувати заплановані типовою навчальною програмою компетенції з дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”

УСПЕШНОЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКОЙ ВЕНО-АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ЭКСТРАКОРПОРАЛЬНОЙ МЕМБРАННОЙ ОКСИГЕНАЦИИ ПРИ КРИЗЕ ОСТРОГО ГУМОРАЛЬНОГО ОТТОРЖЕНИЯ СЕРДЕЧНОГО ТРАНСПЛАНТАТА

Introduction. Acute antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is one of the severe complications of early and late period after heart transplantation (HT). Only few case reports and studies presented of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) application for refractory acute rejection causing hemodynamic compromise. Aim. We report the case of a woman with cardiogenic shock caused by severe AMR that was successfully treatment by peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO). Material and methods. In december 2014, a 60-year-old woman with dilated cardiomyopathy was operated for HT. The patient had a good initial cardiac allograft function and no and was discharged from ICU on the 4th day after HT. 1st endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) (the 7th day after HT) showed absence of acute cellular and antibody-mediated rejection. On the 11th day after HT patient aggravated and presented clinical signs of life-threatening acute cardiac allograft dysfunction: arterial blood pressure 78/49/38 mm Hg, HR 111 in min, CVP 20 mm Hg, PAP 47/34/25 mm Hg, PCWP 25 mm Hg, CI 1.5 l/min/m2, adrenalin 110 ng/kg/min, dopamine 15 mcg/kg/min. ECG showed impairment of systolic left (LVEF 25%) and right (RVEF 15%) ventricle function, left and right ventricle diffuse hypokinesis, thickness of IVS, LV and RV wall 1.7, 1.4 and 0.8 cm, tricuspid and mitral valve regurgitation 2–3 degrees. EMB presented AMR. In conscience peripheral VA ECMO was installed. We used peripheral transcutaneous cannulation technique via femoral vessels – arterial cannula 15 F, venous cannula – 23 F, vascular catheter 14 G for anterograde leg’s perfusion. ACT 130–150 sec. AMR therapy included: methylprednisolon pulse-therapy (10 mg/kg for 5 day), IgG, plasmapheresis (No 7), rituximab. Results. Under MCS by VA ECMO we noted quick improvement of hemodynamic, metabolic homeostasis and organ functions. On the 6th day of VA ECMO (blood flow 1.8 l/min): arterial blood pressure 133/81/54 mm Hg, CVP 5 mm Hg, PAP 31/21/12 mm Hg, PCWP 12 mm Hg, CI 3,4 l/min/м2, HR 85 in min, LVEF 53%, IVS 1.3 cm, mitral valve regurgitation <1 degree, inotropic support was discontinued. Control EMB showed resolution of AMR. Duration of VA ECMO was 7 days. Patient was discharged from ICU on the 2nd and 26th day after VA ECMO in stable clinical status. Conclusion. VA ECMO should be crucial component of treatment of cardiac allogaft antibody-mediated rejection with severe hemodynamic compromise. Введение. Гуморальное, или антителообусловленное, отторжение сердечного трансплантата (АООСТ), являющееся одним из грозных осложнений раннего и отдаленного периодов после трансплантации сердца (ТС), развивается у 4–15% реципиентов и характеризуется высокой летальностью (около 55%). При неэффективности медикаментозных методов коррекции дисфункции пересаженного сердца при АООСТ показано применение механической поддержки кровообращения (МПК). Целью являлось представление собственного успешного опыта применения периферической вено-артериальной ЭКМО (ВА ЭКМО) у реципиентки сердца с АООСТ, сопровождавшимся развитием кардиогенного шока. Материалы и методы. Пациентке К. 60 лет в связи с дилатационной кардиомиопатией была выполнена трансплантация сердца (ТС). Ранний период после ТС протекал без особенностей. Реципиентка сердца была переведена из ОРИТ на 4-е послеоперационные (п/о) сутки. По результатам 1-й эндомиокардиальной биопсии (4-е п/о сутки) отторжение сердечного трансплантата отсутствовало. На 11-е п/о сутки отмечено развитие ОСН, что потребовало повторного перевода в ОРИТ. Параметры инвазивного исследования центральной гемодинамики на фоне введения допамина (15 мкг/кг/мин) и адреналина (110 нг/кг/мин): АД – 78/49/38 мм рт. ст., ЧСС – 111 уд./мин, давление правого предсердия (ДПП) – 20 мм рт. ст., давление легочной артерии (ДЛА) – 45/32/22 мм рт. ст., заклинивающее давление легочной артерии (ЗДЛА) – 25 мм рт. ст., СИ – 1,5 л/мин/м2. Выявили резкое ухудшение систолической функции левого желудочка (снижение ФИ с 64 до 25%), увеличение толщины МЖП (1,7 см), задней стенки левого желудочка (1,4 см) и толщины стенки правого желудочка (0,8 см), митральную регургитацию 2–3-й ст. Повторная эндомиокардиальная биопсия выявила АООСТ. Результаты. На фоне механической поддержки кровообращение методом периферической ВА ЭКМО отмечено быстрое улучшение системной гемодинамики, регресс метаболических нарушений. На фоне ВА ЭКМО и проводимых лечебных мероприятий наступила стойкая стабилизация системной гемодинамики: АД – 133/81/54 мм рт. ст., ДПП – 5 мм рт. ст., ДЛА – 31/21/12 мм рт. ст., ЗДЛА –12 мм рт. ст., СИ – 3,4 л/мин/м2, ЧСС – 85 уд/мин в отсутствие потребности в кардиотонической поддержке. Улучшению гемодинамических показателей сопутствовало увеличение ФИ левого желудочка до 53% и уменьшение толщины МЖП и задней стенки левого желудочка до 1,3 см. Контрольная эндомиокардиальная биопсия продемонстрировала регресс гистопатологических проявлений антителоопосредованного отторжения сердечного трансплантата. Через 2 суток после окончания применения ВА ЭКМО больная была переведена из ОРИТ, а на 26-е (или 44-е после ТС) сутки выписана из стационара в стабильном состоянии. Заключение. Периферическая ВА ЭКМО обеспечивает гарантированное поддержание системного кровообращения и газообмена у реципиентов сердца с выраженными расстройствами гемодинамики, возникшими на фоне острого криза отторжения клеточной или антитело-обусловленной этиологии.