Raising awareness about protection and control of nuclear materials held by “small-scale holders”

In France, the activities carried out by the “small-scale holders” of nuclear materials are organized by a specific regulatory system which defines in a detailed way their obligations and the means of control of the government. The first part of the article presents the legal framework relating to the use of nuclear materials by small-scale holders in civilian fields. The importance of the declaration of the nuclear material inventory is clearly emphasized and must be prepared and transmitted to the Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) every year. The second part describes how this declaration is used to provide basic information for the competent Ministry and the inspectors to check the correct application of the regulatory requirements relating to physical protection and to the control of nuclear materials. Finally, the last part presents the on-site inspections carried out by sworn and accredited inspectors under the authority of the competent Authority, which provide an overall picture and allow an evaluation of the risks of theft, loss or diversion of these materials

Chronologie K-Ar et TL du volcanisme aux extrémités sud du propagateur mer Rouge en Afar depuis 300 ka.

International audienc

Exploring the multicollection approach for the 40Ar/39Ar dating technique

International audienceWe present an original analytical system for 40Ar/39Ar dating. It makes use of a 180° sector multicollection mass spectrometer equipped with five Faraday cups, which renders peak switching unnecessary during argon isotopic analyses. Compared to the single-collector approach commonly used for argon isotopic analyses, our system presents greater stability during data acquisition. Faraday cup efficiencies, which can be a limiting factor for the multicollection mass spectrometer, were highly reproducible. The analytical validity of the 40Ar/39Ar ages obtained using this new mass spectrometer has been preliminarily tested using geological standard minerals (MMhb-1, FCT-San, and HD-B1) commonly used as neutron fluence monitors. Independent plateau age determinations of Ethiopian samples duplicated over a 1-year interval demonstrated the reproducibility of the analyses. The results of these measurements highlight the good behavior of this new instrument for 40Ar/39Ar step heating dating. The age reproducibility of successive steps leads to analytical errors lower than 0.1% for well-behaved samples. This system, still in its initial stage of development, represents an alternative solution that is worth exploring in order to improve absolute dating by the 40Ar/39Ar technique

Palaeomagnetism and K-Ar and <SUP>40</SUP>Ar/<SUP>39</SUP>Ar ages in the Ali Sabieh area (Republic of Djibouti and Ethiopia): constraints on the mechanism of Aden ridge propagation into southeastern Afar during the last 10 Myr

International audienceA new detailed palaeomagnetic study of Tertiary volcanics, including extensive K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar dating, helps constrain the deformation mechanisms related to the opening processes of the Afar depression (Ethiopia and Djibouti). Much of the Afar depression is bounded by 30 Myr old flood basalts and floored by the ca 2 Myr old Stratoid basalts, and evidence for pre-2 Ma deformation processes is accessible only on its borders. K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar dating of several mineral phases from rhyolitic samples from the Ali Sabieh block shows indistinguishable ages around 20 Myr. These ages can be linked to separation of this block in relation to continental breakup. Different amounts of rotation are found to the north and south of the Holhol fault zone, which cuts across the northern part of the Ali Sabieh block. The southern domain did not record any rotation for the last 8 Myr, whereas the northern domain experienced approximately 12 +/- 9° of clockwise rotation. We propose to link this rotation to the counter-clockwise rotation observed in the Danakil block since 7 Ma. This provides new constraints on the early phases of rifting and opening of the southern Afar depression in connection with the propagation of the Aden ridge. A kinematic model of propagation and transfer of extension within southern Afar is proposed, with particular emphasis on the previously poorly-known period from 10 to 4 Ma