Trakya Bölgesi cicadomorpha ve fulgoromorpha (hemiptera) faunasına katkılar

Specimens of Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha were collected in different localities in Thrace region of Turkey during the spring and summer periods of 2014. The collected samples were evaluated taxonomically and Eupelix cuspidata (Fabricius, 1775) (Cicadellidae) from Cicadomorpha and Euides basilinea (Germar, 1821) (Delphacidae), Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) (Flatidae), Scorlupella discolor (Germar, 1821) (Issidae), Ricania hedenborgi Stål, 1865 (Ricaniidae) and Tettigometra laeta Herrich-Schäffer, 1835 (Tettigometridae) from Fulgoromorpha were recorded for the first time in the study region. E. cuspidata have been only known from Anatolia so far. S. discolor was recorded in various localities, and T. laeta and the exotic species M. pruinosa were recorded only in one locality in Anatolia. Records of E. basilinea was given from Turkey without any data on the locality. Distributions of the all recorded species in Turkey and inside the Palaearctic Region were given.Trakya Bölgesi’nde 2014 yılı, İlkbahar-Yaz döneminde, farklı lokalitelerden toplanan Cicadomorpha ve Fulgoromorpha taksonlarına ait çok sayıda örnek değerlendirilmiştir. Toplanan örneklerin teşhis edilmesi sonucundan; Cicadomorpha taksonuna ait Eupelix cuspidata (Fabricius, 1775) (Cicadellidae), ve Fulgoromorpha’ya ait Euides basilinea (Germar, 1821) (Delphacidae), Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) (Flatidae), Scorlupella discolor (Germar, 1821) (Issidae), Ricania hedenborgi Stål, 1865 (Ricaniidae) ve Tettigometra laeta Herrich-Schäffer, 1835 (Tettigometridae) taksonlarının Türkiye’nin Trakya Bölgesi için yeni kayıt oldukları belirlenmiştir. Bu türlerden, E. cuspidata daha once Anadolu’da çok sayıda lokalitede bilinmesine rağmen, S. discolor birkaç lokalitede, T. laeta ve ekzotik bir tür olan M. purinosa sadece birer lokalitede kaydedilmiştir. E. basilinea ise Türkiye’den herhangi bir lokalite belirtilmeksizin verilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ayrıca türlerin Türkiye ve Palearktik dağılımları verilmiştir

The Molecular Pathologies of BRCA1 in Ovarian Cancer Patients From the West of Scotland

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common female malignancies and is the forth leading cause of cancer death in the western world. It is estimated that 3-13% of all ovarian cancers are familial and the tumour suppressor gene, BRCA1, is responsible for almost 90% of all these familial cases. BRCA1 is a tumour suppressor gene which spans 100 kb on chromosome 17q21 and contains 24 exons. The 7.8 kb mRNA encodes a protein of 1863 amino acids. The structure of BRCA1 is not strikingly homologous to other known molecules apart from the presence of a ring zinc finger domain and a 10 amino acid granin motif which are thought to be significant due to fact that they both are conserved in humans and other species studied. The overall aims of this study were to screen and characterise mutations in the BRCA1 gene using genomic DNA obtained from ovarian cancer patients from the West of Scotland. As a result of the information obtained from this study, genetic counselling would be possible for those who have inherited the mutations and for those who have a high risk of developing the same condition. In this study, 48 ovarian cancer patients with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer were screened for germline mutations in the BRCA1 gene. The strategy for germline mutation analysis involved the initial amplification of the BRCA1 gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using genomic DNA as a template. After initial amplification, the product was electrophoresed in an 1% agarose gel in order to check for any abnormal alteration in size, quality and quantity of product. If no alteration was identified, further screening of the gene was carried out using the single strand conformational analysis (SSCP) and the protein truncation test (PTT). Any differences in the band pattern, when compared with negative controls (in both techniques) were fully characterised by automated DNA sequencing analysis. Using the strategy described above, 5 different alterations were detected on analysis of BRCA1 coding sequences. Of these, two were novel missense mutations, two were polymorphisms and one was an unclassified variant. The first novel missense mutation was g.3771 A>T, changing serine to cysteine at amino acid position 1218. This mutation is in the granin site at the amino acid positions 1214-1223 and the leucine zipper at amino acid positions 1209-1230. It is well known that cysteine has a very important role in stabilising the three-dimensional protein structure. Two cysteine residues in different parts of the polypeptide chain but adjacent in the three-dimensional structure of a protein can be oxidised to form a disulfide bridge. Disulfide bridges usually occur among secreted proteins and make them less susceptible to degradation. The second novel missense mutation was g.1380 G>A, changing glutamic acid to lysine at the amino acid position 421. This mutation's effect on the BRCA1 protein is unknown. However, this amino acid is conserved in the murine BRCA1 sequence. Two different polymorphisms were also detected in BRCA1 coding sequence. Patient no 28 is thought to be homozygous for polymorphism g.3667 A>G was also checked for possible large deletion within the exon 11. The first polymorphism, g.3667 A>G, was found in four out of forty-eight patients and the second polymorphism, g.4427 T>C, was found in six out of forty-eight patients. These two polymorphisms are the most frequently found in ovarian cancer cases and the normal population. Although, the polymorphisms are generally thought to be a variation in the gene sequence, histopathologicai studies suggest that the aggressiveness of tumour progress, histological type and survival rate may be related to the host variation. In order to establish the normal population frequency, one hundred samples from normal population was also screened. Six out of one hundred for polymorphism g.3667 A>G and 10 out of 100 for polymorphism g.4427 T>C were found positive for these polymorphisms. An insertion of 12 bp of DNA was also found in intron 20 (5'- GTATTCCACTCC-3') at IVS20+60. Three studies suggested that this variant is not present in any of the subject in the control population analysed. It was also reported that this variant did not modify the correct splicing of exon 19-21 by analysing the cDNA obtained from the patient's peripheral blood. It is possible that a relatively large insertion in a region of non-repetitive DNA might affect the kinetics of splicing and result in a lower level of normal mRNA from the mutant allele

A STUDY ON THE NABIDAE AND REDUVIIDAE (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA) OF THE KELKIT VALLEY AND AMASYA, TURKEY

In this study, the research material consists of samples collected from Amasya and the Kelkit Valley between 2006 and 2007. In and around Amasya, and the Kelkit Valley, 11 species belonging to 3 genera of Nabidae and 9 species belonging to 6 genera of Reduviidae from 48 different localities were determined. Of those, all species of Nabidae and 7 species of Reduviidae are new records for the partıcular research areas. Prostemma aeneicolle Stein, 1857, Prostemma guttula asiaticum Kerzhner, 1968, Nabis sareptanus Dohrn, 1862 and Nabis brevis Scholtz, 1847 are less known and rare species from Turkey

Genetic Analysis of MEFV Gene Pyrin Domain in Patients With Behçet's Disease

Objectives. Behçet's disease (BD) is a systemic vasculitis with recurrent oral and genital ulcers and uveitis. MEFV gene, which is the main factor in familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), is also reported to be a susceptibility gene for BD. The pyrin domain of MEFV gene is a member of death-domain superfamily and has been proposed to regulate inflammatory signaling in myeloid cells. This study was designed to determine if mutations in pyrin domain of MEFV gene are involved in BD. Methods. We analyzed the pyrin domain of MEFV gene in 54 Turkish patients with BD by PCR-analysis and direct sequencing. Results. Neither deletion or insertion mutations nor point mutations in pyrin domain were found in any patient. Conclusion. Although pyrin gene mutations have been reported in patients with BD, pyrin domain is not mutated. However, alterations in other regions of MEFV gene and interaction between pyrin domains are needed to be further investigated

ESOURCE CONSTRAINT PROBLEMS FACED ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS AND PROPOSAL FOR BALKAN CONSTRUCTION SECTOR

Considerıng project plans to affect cash flows of construction projects will be aimednecessarily to use constraint resources providing a maximum financial benefit as aresearch study. Resource-constrained project scheduling is the most appropriatemethod of planning of a project activities use limited resources without destroyingtheir precedence relationships. The aim of this study is to propose a solution to theproblem of the time value of cash flows under resource-constrained projectscheduling. For this purpose, cash flows and their net present value graphics of asolid waste transfer station construction project were established under differentscenarios. Dividing into phases of time-based scheduling and resource-constrainedscheduling were compared giving some examples for model and algorithmsanalyzing cash flows and maximum net present value problems, time basedscheduling and resource-based scheduling of a solid waste transfer stationconstruction project was formed. The generated planning were evaluated underdifferent scenarios and examined for different objective functions. The dataobtained from the each scenario were presented with their graphics. These datawere described by comparing the results obtained. The initiation of this study iscaused importantly by the applications of irregular and unmethodicalunderstanding of planning techniques applied in Turkish construction sector. As aresult of this study, scenarios using constrained resources forced less the budgetlimits, but it was observed that it formed lower net present value than the scenarioswhich do not have resource constrained in equal time intervals. This study isproposed to discuss Balkan construction sector projects with the problems of thetime values of cash flows under resource-constrained scheduling

Gastric Necrosis due to Acute Massive Gastric Dilatation

Gastric necrosis due to acute massive gastric dilatation is relatively rare. Vascular reasons, herniation, volvulus, acute gastric dilatation, anorexia, and bulimia nervosa play a role in the etiology of the disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are highly important as the associated morbidity and mortality rates are high. In this case report, we present a case of gastric necrosis due to acute gastric dilatation accompanied with the relevant literature

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy technique in a patient with situs inversus totalis

Situs inversus totalis is a rare congenital anomaly. It mayproduce difficulties in diagnosis and therapeutic managementof abdominal pathology, particularly in laparoscopicsurgery because of the mirror-image anatomy. Here wereport a case of situs inversus totalis and cholelithiasissuccessfully treated laparoscopically.Key words: Situs inversus totalis, cholelithiasis, laparoscopiccholecystectom

Geçici Koruma Altındaki Suriyelilerin Türkçe İhtiyaçlarının Belirlenmesi%253A Şanlıurfa İli Örneği

Suriyede 2011 yılının mart ayında başlayan kargaşadan ouml%253Btuuml%253Bruuml%253B milyonlarca insan evlerini terk etmiştir. Bu kargaşa ortamında yaklaşık uuml%253Bccedil%253B milyon Suriyeli Tuuml%253Brkiyeye sığınmıştır. Bu araştırma%253B Şanlıurfada yaşayan geccedil%253Bici koruma altındaki Suriyelilerin dil ihtiyaccedil%253Blarının belirlenmesi amacıyla gerccedil%253Bekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaccedil%253Bla nitel araştırma youml%253Bntemine gouml%253Bre duuml%253Bzenlenen bu ccedil%253Balışmanın katılımcılarını Şanlıurfada yaşayan ve gouml%253Bnuuml%253Blluuml%253B olarak araştırmaya katılan 36 Suriyeli sığınmacı oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler iccedil%253Berik analiziyle ccedil%253Bouml%253Bzuuml%253Bmlenmiş ve bu araştırma sonucunda sığınmacıların Tuuml%253Brkccedil%253Be ouml%253Bğrenme dil ihtiyaccedil%253Blarının eğitim, ekonomi ve sosyal olmak uuml%253Bzere uuml%253Bccedil%253B alt boyuttan olduğu tespit edilmiştir%253A Suriyelilerin en ccedil%253Bok ihtiyaccedil%253B duyduğu dil becerisinin ise konuşma olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sığınmacıların souml%253Bzel iletişim becerilerine ouml%253Bnem verdiği gouml%253Bruuml%253Blmuuml%253Bştuuml%253Br. Sığınmacıların Tuuml%253Brkiyede bulunma suuml%253Brelerinin uzamasıyla orantılı olarak sığınmacıların sosyal ihtiyaccedil%253Blarında artış gouml%253Bzlenmiş, eğitim durumunun artışına bağlı olarak ekonomik ihtiyaccedil%253Blarda artış olduğu gouml%253Bruuml%253Blmuuml%253Bştuuml%253Br. Ayrıca araştırmada Suriyelilerin Tuuml%253Brkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşı olmak istedikleri ve bu isteğin Tuuml%253Brkccedil%253Be ouml%253Bğrenme accedil%253Bısından geccedil%253Bici koruma altındaki Suriyeliler iccedil%253Bin ouml%253Bnemli olduğu belirlenmiştir

A Therapeutic and Diagnostic Dilemma: Granular Cell Tumor of the Breast

Six to eight percent of granular cell tumors are seen in the breast. Although mostly benign, they rarely have malignant features clinically and radiologically reminding of breast cancer. This may lead to a potential misdiagnosis of breast carcinoma and overtreatment of patients. The final diagnosis is made by immunohistochemical examination. We performed excisional biopsy on a patient who was diagnosed to have a breast mass. The histopathological examination of the mass revealed granular cell tumor