FACTORES DE ÉXITO EN LOS NEGOCIOS DE ARTESANÍA EN MÉXICO

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificarfactores de éxito para el sectorartesanal mexicano, utilizando la habilidadde los negocios para adquirir ycoordinar sus recursos y capacidades.En la literatura abundan las propuestasde factores de éxito para empresasmuy consolidadas, mientras quelos negocios de artesanía basan susexpectativas en las preferencias delconsumidor, tienen gran variabilidaden su organización, en la formalidady en la flexibilidad de su estructura,lo que dificulta la utilización de esosfactores. Para la obtención de datosse empleó una entrevista estructuradaen 337 negocios de artesanía, serealizó en 8 estados de la RepúblicaMexicana: Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacán,Estado de México, Guerrero,Oaxaca, Puebla y Veracruz. Se utilizóel análisis de regresión lineal múltiplepara determinar los factores deéxito. Como resultado se obtuvieronnueve factores de éxito: innovaciónadministrativa, impacto del financiamiento,tecnología de producción,tecnología en administración, capacidaden el manejo del proceso, delempaque, diferenciación e información.Se proponen ecuaciones quepueden ser aplicadas en el manejodel éxito del negocio, para cuando eléxito se mida como satisfacción conel negocio, o por ingresos en ventas,el crecimiento del negocio, o por eltamaño del negocio.Éxito, artesanía, recursos y capacidades.

Influencia del apego en pacientes con obesidad mórbida candidatos a cirugía bariátrica. Estudio comparativo en función del género

El objetivo de este estudio es comprobar si las variables apego y genero guardan relación alguna con personas candidatas a cirugía bariátrica con obesidad mórbida en comparación con personas que no lo son. De los 274 individuos participantes en este estudio, 162 presentaban obesidad mórbida candidatas a dicha cirugía (72,76% mujeres y 27,33% hombres) y 112 formaron el grupo control, los cuales no presentaban obesidad (75% mujeres y 25 % hombres), seleccionados por el método de conveniencia. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido: Cuestionario de Apego Adulto y unas plantillas con datos sociodemográficos y clínicos. Los datos obtenidos en este estudio ponen de manifiesto que existe una mayor prevalencia de apego preocupado en el grupo no apto para la cirugía bariátrica en comparación con los otros dos grupos comparados. Atendiendo al género, se concluye que existen diferencias significativas, siendo las mujeres las que obtienen mayores puntuaciones en apego preocupadoThe aim of this study is to see if attachment and gender variables are linked in any way to those bariatric surgery sufferenig morbid obesity candidates, in comparison with people that are not. 274 people participated in this study; 162 suffered from morbid obesity and were candidates to the surgery (72.76% were women and 27.33% were men); 112 people were included in the control group and they didn’t suffer from morbid obesity (75% were women and 25% were men). All of them were selected by the convenience method. The instruments used were: Adult Attachment Questionnaire and socio-demographic and clinical data questionnaires. The results of the study show that there is a higher preoccupied attachment prevalence in the group that is not suitable for the bariatric surgery. Regarding gender, there are significant differences: women obtained higher scores in preoccupied attachment

Diferencias de género en pacientes con obesidad mórbida candidatos a cirugía bariátrica: Influencia de ansiedad, depresión y autoestima

Debido a la gravedad actual de la obesidad mórbida, siendo causa de muerte de muchos casos en la población, la cirugía bariátrica es una buena solución para esta enfermedad. Ante dicha situación este estudio analiza las diferencias significativas que pueden darse entre un grupo de candidatos a cirugía bariátrica, un grupo no candidato a esta cirugía y una muestra control en diferentes variables, como son la ansiedad, la depresión y la autoestima, viéndose la posible influencia del género en todo ello. Se utilizó una muestra de 274 individuos a través de un método de selección de conveniencia. El diseño realizado fue ex post facto prospectivo. Una vez realizado el estudio, se concluye que existen diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos en todas las variables. Sin embargo, no existen dichas diferencias con respecto a los hombres en ninguna de las variables, excepto en autoestima.Currently, the majority of the morbid obesity patients die due to the severity levels of that disease, thus the bariatric surgery seems to be a good solution nowadays. Taking into account the actual situation, this research tries to analyse the significantly differences between a group of patients proposed to bariatric surgery, a group of patients who are not proposed to bariatric surgery and a control sample with different variables, such as anxiety, depression and self-steem, taking into account the possible gender influence among all conditions. The sample is composed of 274 individuals. The design was ex post facto prospective. The results of the research show significant differences between the 3 groups in all the variables conditions. However, there are no significant differences with the male group in any of the variables conditions, except for self-estee

Enzyme-Catalyzed Polymerization of Kraft Lignin from Eucalyptus globulus: Comparison of Bacterial and Fungal Laccases Efficacy

Kraft lignin, a side-stream from the pulp and paper industry, can be modified by laccases for the synthesis of high added-value products. This work aims to study different laccase sources, including a bacterial laccase from Streptomyces ipomoeae (SiLA) and a fungal laccase from Myceliophthora thermophila (MtL), for kraft lignin polymerization. To study the influence of some variables in these processes, a central composite design (CCD) with two continuous variables (enzyme concentration and reaction time) and three levels for each variable was used. The prediction of the behavior of the output variables (phenolic content and molecular weight of lignins) were modelled by means of response surface methodology (RSM). Moreover, characterization of lignins was performed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and different nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy techniques. In addition, antioxidant activity was also analyzed. Results showed that lignin polymerization (referring to polymerization as lower phenolic content and higher molecular weight) occurred by the action of both laccases. The enzyme concentration was the most influential variable in the lignin polymerization reaction within the range studied for SiLA laccase, while the most influential variable for MtL laccase was the reaction time. FTIR and NMR characterization analysis corroborated lignin polymerization results obtained from the RSM.This research was funded by Comunidad de Madrid via Project SUSTEC-CM S2018/EMT-4348; MICINN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe” via Project RTI2018-096080-B-C22; and MICINN via Project TED2021-132122B-C21

NMR Study on Laccase Polymerization of Kraft Lignin Using Different Enzymes Source

The usage of laccases is a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to modifying the Kraft lignin structure for use in certain applications. However, the inherent structure of Kraft lignin, as well as that resulting from laccase modification, still presents challenges for fundamental comprehension and successful lignin valorization. In this study, bacterial and fungal laccases were employed to modify eucalypt Kraft lignin. To evaluate the type and range of the chemical and structural changes of laccase-treated lignins, different NMR techniques, including solution 1H and 2D NMR (heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC)), and solid-state 13C NMR, were applied. Size exclusion chromatography and infrared spectroscopy were also used. Interestingly, HSQC analysis showed substantial changes in the oxygenated aliphatic region of lignins, showing an almost complete absence of signals corresponding to side-chains due to laccase depolymerization. Simultaneously, a significant loss of aromatic signals was observed by HSQC and 1H NMR, which was attributed to a deprotonation of the lignin benzenic rings due to polymerization/condensation by laccase reactions. Then, condensed structures, such as α-5′, 5-5′, and 4-O-5′, were detected by HSQC and 13C NMR, supporting the increment in molecular weight, as well as the phenolic content reduction determined in lignins.This research was funded by Comunidad de Madrid via Project SUSTEC-CM S2018/EMT-4348; MCINN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe” via Project RTI2018-096080-B-C22; and MCINN via Project TED2021-132122B-C21

Experiencias y voces del estudiantado universitario en tiempos de COVID-19: Un análisis microsocial

The health emergency due to COVID-19 has generated changes in various sectors of society, especially in the educational field. This situation represented a challenge for millions of young university students’ who needed migrate to a new educational environment, mainly virtually. In this sense, the present study aimed to analyze the experiences of students from two public universities in Mexico in reference to the difficulties, challenges, the role of the teacher and the advantages during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted based on grounded theory (GT). The participants were 31 students from two public universities in Mexico, between 20 and 22 years. The results were analyzed from generic categories and subcategories among them the family, emotional, academic, and technological experiences that students have gone through during the COVID-19 pandemic. In conclusion, it was identified that university students require support for the acquisition and use of technological devices, especially those from small communities in states of Yucatan and Oaxaca. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen their autonomous learning skills and their digital competence. The role of teachers must be as meaningful learning experiences promoters, as well motivation as promoter. This must be a priority. Finally, despite the pandemic, students have better managed their time, self-care, family coexistence and recreation.La emergencia sanitaria por el COVID-19 ha generado cambios en diversos sectores de la sociedad, especialmente en el campo educativo. Esta situación representó un reto para millones de jóvenes universitarios que tuvieron la necesidad de adaptarse a un nuevo entorno educativo marcado por la virtualidad. En este sentido, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las experiencias que han construido el estudiantado de dos universidades públicas de México en referencia a las dificultades, retos, el papel del docente y las ventajas durante la pandemia por COVID-19. La investigación se realizó con base en la Teoría Fundamentada (TF). Los participantes fueron 31 estudiantes de dos universidades públicas de México, las edades de ambos grupos se encontraban en un rango entre 20 y 22 años. Los resultados se analizaron a partir de categorías genéricas y subcategorías que dieron cuenta de las experiencias familiares, emocionales, académicas y tecnológicas por las que ha transitado los estudiantes durante la pandemia por COVID-19. En conclusión, se identificó que el estudiantado universitario requiere apoyo para la adquisición y uso de los dispositivos tecnológicos, en especial, aquellos que se encuentran en comunidades en el interior de los estados de Yucatán y Oaxaca; por otra parte, es necesario fortalecer sus habilidades de aprendizaje autónomo y su competencia digital. Se observa como prioritario que la función docente debe propiciar experiencias de aprendizaje significativas, así como promover la motivación estudiantil. Finalmente, a pesar de la pandemia, los estudiantes han gestionado mejor sus tiempos, autocuidado, convivencia familiar y esparcimiento

Experiencias y voces del estudiantado universitario en tiempos de COVID-19: Un análisis microsocial

The health emergency due to COVID-19 has generated changes in various sectors of society, especially in the educational field. This situation represented a challenge for millions of young university students’ who needed migrate to a new educational environment, mainly virtually. In this sense, the present study aimed to analyze the experiences of students from two public universities in Mexico in reference to the difficulties, challenges, the role of the teacher and the advantages during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted based on grounded theory (GT). The participants were 31 students from two public universities in Mexico, between 20 and 22 years. The results were analyzed from generic categories and subcategories among them the family, emotional, academic, and technological experiences that students have gone through during the COVID-19 pandemic. In conclusion, it was identified that university students require support for the acquisition and use of technological devices, especially those from small communities in states of Yucatan and Oaxaca. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen their autonomous learning skills and their digital competence. The role of teachers must be as meaningful learning experiences promoters, as well motivation as promoter. This must be a priority. Finally, despite the pandemic, students have better managed their time, self-care, family coexistence and recreation.La emergencia sanitaria por el COVID-19 ha generado cambios en diversos sectores de la sociedad, especialmente en el campo educativo. Esta situación representó un reto para millones de jóvenes universitarios que tuvieron la necesidad de adaptarse a un nuevo entorno educativo marcado por la virtualidad. En este sentido, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las experiencias que han construido el estudiantado de dos universidades públicas de México en referencia a las dificultades, retos, el papel del docente y las ventajas durante la pandemia por COVID-19. La investigación se realizó con base en la Teoría Fundamentada (TF). Los participantes fueron 31 estudiantes de dos universidades públicas de México, las edades de ambos grupos se encontraban en un rango entre 20 y 22 años. Los resultados se analizaron a partir de categorías genéricas y subcategorías que dieron cuenta de las experiencias familiares, emocionales, académicas y tecnológicas por las que ha transitado los estudiantes durante la pandemia por COVID-19. En conclusión, se identificó que el estudiantado universitario requiere apoyo para la adquisición y uso de los dispositivos tecnológicos, en especial, aquellos que se encuentran en comunidades en el interior de los estados de Yucatán y Oaxaca; por otra parte, es necesario fortalecer sus habilidades de aprendizaje autónomo y su competencia digital. Se observa como prioritario que la función docente debe propiciar experiencias de aprendizaje significativas, así como promover la motivación estudiantil. Finalmente, a pesar de la pandemia, los estudiantes han gestionado mejor sus tiempos, autocuidado, convivencia familiar y esparcimiento

Colombian Marketing Magazine. Magazine of the Faculty of Market Engineering year 3 number 4 July 2002

En esa perspectiva, en este cuarto esfuerzo institucional hemos hecho acopio de nuestra imaginación y de nuestra energía vital para mostrarle a la red académica y científica que comienza a tejerse alrededor de nuestra revista, que el marketing tiene un compromiso con la sociedad y el bienestar de sus miembros.In this perspective, in this fourth institutional effort we have gathered our imagination and our vital energy to show the academic and scientific network that is beginning to be woven around our magazine, that marketing has a commitment to society and the well-being of its members.Modalidad Presencia

Autologous versus allogeneic versus umbilical cord sera for the treatment of severe dry eye disease : a double-blind randomized clinical trial

Funding Information: The research work presented here has been funded through a grant awarded by the Ministry of Health within the framework of the Aid for Independent Clinical Research of 2011 (EC11‐506), whose promoter is the Andalusian Public Foundation for Research on Malaga in Biomedicine and Health (FIMABIS). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons LtdPurpose: To measure the effects of Autologous serum (AS), Allogeneic Serum (HS) and Umbilical Cord serum (CS) eye drops in severe dry eye disease (DES), as well as to characterize and quantify several molecules in the three sera (albumin, fibronectin; Vitamin A and E; IgG, IgA and IgM; Transforming growth factor β; Epithelial growth factor). Methods: Randomized, double-blind, single-centre, three-arm (AS, HS and CS) clinical trial. Sixty-three subjects were included with severe DES, 21 in each arm of the study. Visual acuity, Schirmer test, Breakup time (BUT), lissamine green, fluorescein staining measurements and a questionnaire were performed prior to treatment, and after one-month and three-month follow-up. Results: There was a significant main effect of time on visual acuities, Schirmer and BUT tests and fluorescein and lissamine green staining measurements and questionnaire scores (p = 0.015, p = 0.002, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.031 and p < 0.001, respectively), although there was no significant interaction between time and serum type, nor between serum type and the test performed. Regarding the concentration of molecules, in our study AS contained significantly higher concentrations of IgA, IgG and fibronectin whereas HS contained significantly higher concentration of IgM, vitamins A and E, TGF and albumin. Contrary to previous reports, CS did not show higher concentration of any of the molecules analysed. Conclusions and relevance: The three sera were effective in the treatment of severe DES. CS did not contain a higher proportion of molecules compared to AS/HS. More research is needed to assess the effect of AS in patients with DES and autoimmune diseases.Peer reviewe

II Edición la innovación docente en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales: experiencias, retos y propuestas

Memoria ID-196. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2018-2019