Morfološke i hemijske analize novih linija pastrnka (Pastinaca sativa L.) Instituta za povrtarstvo

In Serbia, a parsnip is often grown vegetable gardens and the gardens, grown for thickened roots that is used in spice who spravljanu delicious dishes. This paper presents the results of 12 new genotypes breeding - line parsnip Institute of Vegetable Crops Palanka. Their morphological and chemical characteristics were compared with the standard variety Panonski smooth. In the three-year period from 2009 - of 2012 were analyzed by the following morphological characteristics: the average root weight, the average weight of leaf, root collar diameter , the diameter of the root environment and the emergence of secondary roots. Is determined by the chemical analysis of the dry matter , the total minerals , total sugars , and water. The aim was to examine the quality of new lines parsnip than the standard variety Panonski smooth and select the new lines for the recognition of new varieties of parsnip Institute of Vegetable Crops.Pastrnak (Pastinaca sativa L.) pripada familiji Apiaceae, po svojim prehrambenim i lekovitim svojstvima spada u red najvrednijih povrtarskih kultura. U Srbiji pastrnak je često gajeno povrće po okućnicama i baštama,gaji se radi zadebljalog korena koji se koristi ko začin pri spravljanu ukusnih jela. Koristan je za zdravlje jer poboljšava apetit, pospešuje rad bubrega,deluje na smanjenje krvnog pritiska. U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja 12 novo selekconisanih genotipova- linija pastrnka Instituta za povrtarstvo Palanka. Njihove morfološke i hemijske osobine upoređene su sa standardnom sortom Panonski glatki. U trogodišnjem periodu od 2009 – 2012.godine analizirane su sledeće morfološke osobine: prosečna masa korena, prosečna masa lista, prečnik vrata korena, prečnik sredine korena i pojava sekundarnih korenova. Hemijskom analizom određena je suva materija, ukupni minerali, ukupni šećeri i voda. Cilj je bio da se ispita kvalitet novo stvorenih linija pastrnka u odnosu na standarnu sortu Panonski glatki i odaberu nove linije za priznavanje novih sorti pastrnka Instituta za Povrtarstvo

STRUCTURE OF RELATIONS BETWEEN THE FREQUENCY OF MICRONUCLEI IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES AND AGE, GENDER, SMOKING HABITS AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS IN SOUTH-EAST REGION OF SERBIA

Frequency of micronuclei (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes is a measure of genotoxicity and spontaneous chromosomal instability with many modifying factors. The aim of this work was to examine the relation between results of micronucleus test and set of socio-demographic parameters in healthy population in south-east Serbia using structure equation approach. Cytokinesis–block (CB) technique was used for analysis of MN frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes on 133 healthy volunteers of various ages. Socio-demographic data was collected through a questionnaire. The mean frequency of MN gradually rose with age from 0.56±0.71 in new-borns to 5.48 ±3.65 in the 61-80 years age group (AG), with a decrease in the 81-92 years AG. MN frequency was positively correlated with age, altitude of birth place, altitude of place of residence, nuclear buds and nucleoplasmatic bridges, and negatively with education level and smoking habits. Linear structural model revealed age to be related to all of the examined variables, and indicates probable existence of another factor, independent of age, influencing all of these except nuclear buds. It can be concluded that the frequency of micronuclei is influenced by age and factor/s resembling socioeconomic status or lifestyle and this influence is independent of age

History of ductile-to-brittle transition problem of ferritic steels

This paper presents a review of different approaches through history concerning DTB transition phenomenon of ferritic steels and their characterization using FM concept, from the earliest studies based on LEFM to the application of the EPFM concept. The large scattering of the experimental fracture toughness data, characteristic of all ferritic steels in the transition temperature region, has imposed the need of including statistical methods for data processing. Such approach that began in the 1970s can be encountered even nowadays as the base of fracture toughness data interpretation in DTB problems. An overview of studies with statistical interpretation of experimental data in the transition temperature region is also given. Aforementioned provides a foundation for novel approaches in DTB transition problems, which include size effects and scaling of geometrically similar specimens

Estimation of phenolic content in yellow, red, blue and red-blue maize by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Red and blue colors in maize kernel are the consequence of anthocyanin pigments, responsible for the increased phenolic content and antioxidant activity in maize. Therefore, interest in pigmented maize as a novel functional food due to its possible health benefits and unique taste has grown. The red color in maize kernel originates from pericarp and is maternally inherited while the blue color originates from aleurone, which is triploid in nature and its mode of inheritance is more complicated. Red and blue maize are usually low-yielding populations, and at the Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje (MRIZP), commercial inbred lines have been converted to red and blue colors to produce high-yielding red and blue maize hybrids. Maize extractable phenolic content (EPC) can be directly determined through wet chemistry and measures phenolic amides, glycerides, free phenolic acids, and some flavonoids. In this study, however, Fourier-transformed near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (FT-NIRS), as a non-destructive, inexpensive, and rapid technique has been used to scan EPC profiles of 56 MRIZP maize samples (14 genotypes in two replications and two environments) differing in kernel color: yellow, red pericarp, blue aleurone and red pericarp with blue aleurone. Twenty samples with outlying EPC values have been directly analyzed for total phenolics and these values have been used to adjust and improve NIRS calibration. EPC values ranged from 1.69 to 6.82 mg g-1 across genotypes and environments. Two red inbred lines had the highest EPC content in 2017, 6.82 and 5.11 mg g-1, and, overall samples from 2017 had a higher content of EPC compared to the same genotypes grown in 2018. Red genotypes on average had the highest EPC content, followed by red-blue, while yellow and blue kernels had similar and the lowest content within the samples

TYPE D PERSONALITY IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Background: During the past decade studies have shown that Type D personality is associated with increased risk of cardiac events, mortality and poor quality of life. Some authors suggested that depression and Type D personality have substantial phenomenological overlap. Subjects and methods: The sample consisted of non-consecutive case series of seventy nine patients with clinically stable and angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD), who had been admitted to the Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre, from May 2006 to September 2008. The patients were assessed by the Type-D scale (DS14), The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and provided demographic information. Risk factors for CAD were obtained from cardiologists. Results: The findings of our study have shown that 34.2% patients with CAD could be classified as Type D personality. The univariate analysis has shown that the prevalence of Type D personality was significantly higher in individuals with unstable angina pectoris and myocardial infarction (MI) diagnoses (p=0.02). Furthermore, some components of metabolic syndrome were more prevalent in patients with Type D personality: hypercholesterolemia (p=0.00), hypertriglyceridemia (p=0.00) and hypertension (p=0.01). Additionally, the distribution of depression in patients with a Type D personality and a non-Type D personality were statistically significantly different (p=0.00). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this study is the first one to describe the prevalence and clinical characteristics of the Type D personality in patients with CAD in this region of Europe. We have found that the prevalence of Type D personality in patients with CAD is in concordance with the other studies. We also have found that Type D personality and depression are two distinctly different categories of psychological distress

UGRADNJA GА1-S GENA U RODITELJSKE LINIJE HIBRIDA KUKURUZA BELOG ZRNA POMOĆU MOLEKULARNIH MARKERA

Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje has a marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB) program aimed to incorporate the strong allele of incompatibility gene Gа1 into parental components of the hybrids with specific traits (white kernel). The main objective of this research was marker assisted development of the white maize hybrid´s parental lines with the complete cross-incompatibility to foreign pollens. Ga1-S-tightly-linked molecular markers successfully identified heterozygous plants with the percentage of approximately 50% after all three backcrossing. Regarding the background selection, 69% of progenies had recurrent parent’s genome (RPG) above the theoretical value for BC3 generation. Also, a few individuals even had 99%, the value theoretically achieved in BC6 generation, showing that MABB made a genetic gain in RPG recovery. Foreground selection in this generation aimed to identify homozygous dominant individuals. Out of 264 BC3F2 plants, 70 (26.5%) were dominant homozygotes, which is in accordance with the expected Mendelian ratio. Progenies of the BC3F2 homozygous dominant plants were planted alternatively with yellow-kernel maize of the same maturity to check cross-incompatibility. Unfortunately, none of the dominant progenies had a 100% white kernel, most likely due to the presence of modifier genes that increase/decrease the effectiveness of pollen exclusion or that, alternatively, modifiers were lost during the backcrossing. It could be expected that successfully employed functional markers (developed from the sequence polymorphisms present within functional gene(s) associated with phenotypic trait variations) would outbalance the noted impediments and enhance MABB efficiency to transfer the desired gene(s) controlling simple or complex trait(s) into cultivated varieties.U Institutu za kukuruz “Zemun Polje” postoji program selekcije pomoću molekularnih markera (MAS) čiji je cilj ugradnja gena za inkompatibilnost Gа1-S u linije kukuruza koje su roditeljske komponente hibrida belog zrna. Glavni cilj ovog rada je bio stvaranje linija kukuruza belog zrna sa potpunom unakrsnom inkompatibilnošću sa stranim polenom pomoću molekularnih makera. Molekularnim markerima koji su blisko vezani za Ga1-S gen uspešno su identifikovane heterozigotne biljke (50%) nakon sva tri povratna ukrštanja. Rezultati utvrđivanja procenta genoma rekurentnog roditelja (RPG) u BC3 generaciji pokazali su vrednost iznad očekivane kod 69% potomstva, dok je kod određenog broja RPG iznosio 99%, što predstavlja vrednost koja se teoretski dostiže u BC6 generaciji. Od 264 BC3 F2 pojedinačnih biljaka, 70 (26,5%) je bilo dominantno homozigotno, što je u skladu sa očekivanim, prema pravilima Mendelovog nasleđivanja. Potomstva BC3 F2 dominantno homozigotnih biljaka posejana su sa kukuruzom žutog zrna iste grupe zrenja radi provere unakrsne inkompatibilnosti. Nijedno od dobijenih potomstava nije imalo 100% belo zrno, najverovatnije usled prisustva gena modifikatora koji menjaju efikasnost isključivanja polena, ili je došlo do gubljenja ovih gena prilikom povratnog ukrštanja. Moglo bi se očekivati da će uspešna primena funkcionalnih markera (stvorenih na osnovu polimorfizama sekvenci unutar samog gena vezanog za fenotipsku osobinu) prevazići uočene prepreke i poboljšati efikasnost MAS za prenos željenih gena koji kontrolišu prostu ili složenu osobinu u gajene kulture

Optimization of the doubled haploid technology for temperate maize breeding programs: a case study from Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje

Doubled haploid (DH) technology is one of the several technological advances greatly impacting modern maize breeding. The main benefit for breeders is the development of parental inbred lines in one year comparing to four using conventional breeding. Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje (MRIZP) initiated doubled haploid program in maize in 2014. In six years up to 8.000 DH lines have been developed from close to 160 donor germplasm sources of different genetic backgrounds. During this period the research group engaged in the DH program identified several issues that need to be addressed in order to optimize the method for use in temperate regions including poor agronomic performance of haploid inducing lines, donor germplasm effect on the overall efficiency of DH method in maize breeding and selection strategies for improving test-cross performance of DH lines. To meet the challenges, MRIZP DH research group started a breeding program aiming at developing inducers with high and stable HIR adapted to temperate climate conditions. Two main goals were defined: development of haploid inducers with HIR up to 20% in a completely inducer genetic background, and second, to develop haploid inducers in 75 and 50% inducer genetic background with moderate HIR but better agronomic performance. Also, nine populations were used to assess the suitability of our most elite breeding materials for use as donors with respect to genetic background, specifically heterotic group origin, and give guidance to breeders on donor germplasm selection. Furthermore, we are studying different selection strategies for DH line breeding with respect to donor size and prior cycles of selection, i.e. recombination (none (F1), one (F2), or two selection cycles (F3)). We hope that our still ongoing research will contribute to already extensive knowledge on doubled haploid methodology

Cytotoxicity of Glass Ionomer Cement on Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Stem Cells Correlates with Released Fluoride, Strontium and Aluminum Ion Concentrations

Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) can be used as a cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine and in immunomodulation. Pulp from human deciduous teeth can be stored as a source of SHED. Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are commonly used in restorative dentistry and in cavity lining. GICs have lower biocompatibility and are cytotoxic for dental pulp cells. In this study, seven commonly used GICs were tested for their cytotoxic effects on SHED, for their potential to arrest mitosis in cells and induce chromosome aberrations, and were compared with the effects of composite. Fuji II, Fuji VIII, Fuji IX, Fuji plus and Vitrebond had significantly higher cytotoxic effects on SHED than composite. Only SHEDs that have been treated with Fuji I, Fuji IX, Fuji plus and composite recovered the potential for proliferation, but no chromosome aberrations were found after treatment with GICs. The cytotoxic effects of GICs on SHEDs were in strong correlation with combined concentrations of released fluoride, aluminum and strontium ions. Fuji I exhibited the lowest activity towards SHEDs; it did not interrupt mitosis and did not induce chromosome aberrations, and was accompanied by the lowest levels of released F, Al and Sr ions

Seed quality of reciprocal maize single crosses and their parental inbred lines

Five direct and reciprocal early hybrids, five direct and reciprocal late hybrids and a total of their 12 parental inbred lines were used in order to test reciprocal effects among hybrids in early germination phase and seed quality of their parental inbred lines. Five hybrids were of early maturity FAO 300-400 group, and five of late maturity FAO 500- 600 group. In the early group one line of Lancaster origin (L1) was in common, and in direct crosses used as male parent, while in reciprocal crosses as female parent. The same case was with late hybrids where another Lancaster line (L2) was in common. In 2015 and 2016 all the material was multiplied in hand pollination and after six months of storage three tests according to ISTA standards were performed: standard germination test (SGT), cold-test (CT) and vigor radicle test (RE). According to the Analysis of variance, a strong reciprocal effect was found among early hybrids for four out of five parameters in RE and SGT, while it was found only for RE in late hybrids. However, in CT none of the parameters had significant reciprocal effect. Two tested Lancaster inbreds were superior in the hybrids over non-Lancaster lines when used as maternal components, while as lines per se they did not display such superiority. Mid-parent heterosis (MPH) ranged from -62.32% to 211.11% in RE test, with an average of 44.26%; from -10.15% to 17.93% in SGT test, with an average of 6.27%, and from -5.31% to 4.49% in CT, with an average of 0.64%. Significant differences of MPH were found for nine pairs of reciprocal hybrids for RE, three pairs for SGT and seven pairs for CT. This shows that reciprocal differences in MPH were higher as the applied level of stress during early seed growth raised. All the results showed very complicated mode of inheritance of tested traits in the early developmental stages of young plants, including the phenomenon of heterosis which is expressed already at the germination stage