Crime trends through two decades of social changes in Spain

"Over the last two decades, the Spanish social fabric has undergone a variety of profound changes, which in turn may explain the rise in police-recorded crime and prison population figures. Although the rise in crime reported to the police has been higher for common offences—misdemeanors—, the mainstream media concentrates overwhelmingly in serious violent crimes—felonies—. Spain does not have an official agency responsible for conducting victimization surveys to measure crime trends as directly experienced by the citizens. Based on this methodology, our study shows that contrary to information gathered from police data, and despite social fabric changes, crime in Spain is decreasing. The present study also reveals the distorted public perception of this trend, which seems to respond to a repetitive coverage of serious crime by the mainstream media." [author's abstract

Looking for a more comprehensive approach

The necessity/convenience for improving accuracy in determining the flood frequency is widely accepted further than among hydrologists, and is increasingly deepened in relationship with the statement of different thresholds related to the respective management systems. And both Scientific and Management Communities fully accept the necessity of living with determined levels of flood risk. Most of the approaches for “Advancing Methods” improving concentrate on the statistical ways, even since Climate in fact is not a Stationary process. The question is here reflected since the SMARTeST research and final highlights, policy and recommendations. The paper looks at a better agreement between Hydrology and the whole Climate as the result of the Global Thermal Machine and takes mainly into account a historical approach, trying to show the necessity of a wider collection and analysis of climate data for statistical approaches

Situation of the sustainable mobility plans in Spain

Ponencia presentada en: Participación ciudadana activa para la Planificación de la Movilidad Urbana Sostenible (PMUS) : Engaging in a dynamic dialogue for Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning (SUMP). Summer University 201

Consumo das principais substâncias psicoativas em tempos de pandemia covid-19 nos estudantes do ensino superior

A população estudantil do ensino superior tem especial risco de consumo e abuso de substâncias psicoativas. Objetivo: Analisar o consumo das principais substâncias psicoativas nos estudantes do ensino superior e a sua relação com as variáveis sóciodemográficas e com o surgimento da pandemia COVID-19. Metodologia: Estudo analítico, observacional e transversal. Dados recolhidos por questionário aplica do após o primeiro semestre do ano letivo 2020/2021, na população de 8875 estudantes do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança em Portugal. Amostra de 825 estratificada para cada uma das cinco escolas. Resultados: Álcool e tabaco são as mais consumidas e de forma abusiva pela prática de binge drinking/smoking. Os medicamentos psicoativos e as drogas recreativas são menos consumidos. Os consumos são afetados pelas variáveis sociodemográficas: sexo, idade, escola, portadores de doença crónica, escolaridade e profissão dos pais. Durante a pandemia COVID-19, os estudantes percecionaram aumento dos consumos exceto o álcool. Conclusão: O consumo de substâncias psicoativas pelos estudantes do ensino superior é afetado pelas variáveis sociodemográficas e pela pandemia COVID-19.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Innovation for Territorial Competitiveness: An Analysis of Bahía Blanca Small and Medium Sized Enterprises

Este artículo analiza las capacidades de innovación de un grupo de empresas industriales de la localidad de Bahía Blanca Argentina. Con ayuda de un modelo Logit, se concluye que la innovación de las firmas está asociada a la edad del dueño, la formación de sus empleados, los contactos de las firmas con organizaciones gremiales y empresariales y entre otras variables.This article analyzes the innovation capacities of a group of firms from the locality of Bahia Blanca. Using a Logit model, one concludes that the innovation of the firms is related to the ages of the owners, the employees' skills, the contacts made with corporate unions and other variables.Fil: Alderete, Maria Veronica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Diez, Jose Ignacio Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; Argentin

A CO2-saving-based methodology to measure the impact of the SUMP in European Cities: Application to the city of Burgos

XVIII Congreso Panamericano de Ingeniería de Tránsito, Transporte y Logística (PANAM 2014)Urban mobility in Europe is always a responsibility of the municipalities which propose measures to reduce CO2 emissions in terms of mobility aimed at reducing individual private transport (car). The European Commission's Action Plan on Urban Mobility calls for an increase in the take-up of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans in Europe. SUMPs aim to create a sustainable urban transport system. Europe has got some long term initiatives and has been using some evaluation procedures. Nevertheless, the weak point with the SUMPs in Spain, has been the lack of concern about the evaluation and the effectiveness of the measures implemented in a SUMP. For this reason, it is difficult to know exactly whether or not the SUMPs have positively influenced in the modal split of the cities, and its contribution to reduce CO2 levels. The case of the City of Burgos is a very illustrative example as it developed a CiViTAS project during the years 2005-2009, with a total investment of 6M€. The results have been considered as “very successful” even at European level. The modal split has changed considerably for better and the cost-effectiveness ratio of the SUMP in the city can be measured with the CO2 ton saved, specifically 36 € per CO2 ton saved, which is fully satisfactory and in line with calculations from other European researchers. Additionally, the authors propose a single formula to measure the effectiveness of the activities developed under the umbrella of a SUMP

Holocene fossil woods from the Caldera de Taburiente National Park (Canary Islands, Spain)

The study of 39 Pinus canariensis Holocene fossil woods from the Caldera de Taburiente is presente

Bikeways and cycling urban mobility

XI Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte (CIT 2014)During the past years, cycling use has been promoted in our cities as an alternative to other modes of transport. One of the main objectives of the utilization of the bicycles is to reduce the use of private vehicles powered by fossil fuel. In this paper some of the advantages and benefits of the cycling use are presented, and some factors that influence its utilization are analysed. In particular, the study is focused on the barrier elements and, more specifically, in the structural barrier factors. Further on, more than 70 kilometres of bicycle network in several cities of the region of Castile and Leon (Spain) have been analysed, in order to see their potential influence on the use of the bicycle. From the results of this analysis some recurring problems emerge and make us identify that the total length of the bicycle network is not so important as the number of destinations and completed itineraries that can be reached in an effective and safe way

Sensitivity of bile acid transport by organic anion-transporting polypeptides to intracellular pH

AbstractWe investigated the influence of intracellular pH (pHi) on [14C]-glycocholate (GC) uptake by human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells that express sodium-independent (mainly OATP-A and OATP-8), but not sodium-dependent, GC transporters. Replacement of extracellular sodium by choline (Chol) stimulated GC uptake but did not affect GC efflux from loaded cells. Amiloride or NaCl replacement by tetraethylammonium chloride (TeACl) or sucrose also increased GC uptake. All stimulating circumstances decreased pHi. By contrast, adding to the medium ammonium or imidazole, which increased pHi, had no effect on GC uptake. In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing rat Oatp1, acidification of pHi had the opposite effect on GC uptake, that is, this was reduced. Changes in extracellular pH (pHo) between 7.40 and 7.00 had no effect on GC uptake at pHi 7.30 or 7.45 when pHo<pHi. However, GC uptake was inhibited at pHo 7.40 and 7.80 when pHo>pHi. Inhibition was not proportional to the pHo−pHi difference. Intracellular acidification decreased Vmax, but had no effect on Km. In sum, sodium-independent GC transport can be affected by intracellular acidification, possibly due both to modifications in the driving forces and to the particular response to protonation of carrier proteins involved in this process