172 research outputs found
KĂsĂ©rlet a többnyelvƱ közĂ©pfokĂș oktatĂĄs bevezetĂ©sĂ©re MagyarorszĂĄgon, 1861-1862
With his October Diploma adopted on 20 October 1860 Franz Joseph I restored the status of Hungarian as the official language of Hungary, but he wanted to preserve the right of individual citizens and settlements to use their own languages. He ordered a consultation about the language of gymnasiums with the faculties, the supervising religious authorities and the city councils. Following these consultations, the Governorâs Council declared Hungarian to be the primary language of all gymnasiums but permitted local majority languages to be used as âauxiliary languagesâ. Due to strong opposition to the decision Franz Joseph ordered the Governorâs Council to issue corrections and compelled 23 gymnasiums to adopt multilingual education and made German a mandatory subject in all institutions. The majority of the faculties of the schools involved were against the introduction of multilingual education. The Governorâs Council was on the side of the faculties in schools where most students were Hungarian. The Emperor eventually allowed exclusively Hungarian education in certain schools but made their own language and literature compulsory subjects for non-Hungarian speaking students. In the other institutions, especially in the Slovakian regions, attempts were launched at introducing multilingual education, even though the form and extent of these attempts varied
Az orosz-kĂnai relĂĄciĂł a 21. szĂĄzad elejĂ©n - haszonelvƱ kapcsolat vagy vilĂĄgpolitikai tandem?
Rövid beszĂ©lgetĂ©s DeĂĄk Ăgnessel, karunk uj [Ășj!] KISZ-titkĂĄrĂĄval a kĂŒldöttgyĂŒlĂ©s [kĂŒldöttgyƱlĂ©s!] utĂĄn
"Az alattomos ellenforradalmi ellenĂĄllĂĄs szĂŒrke eminenciĂĄsa"? SzĆgyĂ©ny LĂĄszlĂł 1848 ĆszĂ©n
Franz Joseph I. hat Februar 1853 die politische ĂberprĂŒfung sĂ€mmdicher geheimen RĂ€te angeordnet damit es nachgewiesen werden kann, ob ihre LoyalitĂ€t gegenĂŒber der Dynastie in den stĂŒrmischen Jahren 1848/49 unerschĂŒttert geblieben war. Der MilitĂ€r- und Civil-Gouvernement fĂŒr Ungarn hat in dieser ziemlich heiklen Angelegenheit die Kommandanten der militĂ€rischen Kreise mobilisiert. Aus Pest wurde dann eine âauf vertraulichem Weg" d. h. durch einen Konfidenten erworbene Brief-Kopie an den Chef der Obersten Polizei-Behörde, Baron Johann Kempen von Fichtenstamm vorgelegt. Der Brief war in Oktober 1848 von LĂĄszlĂł von SzĆgyĂ©ny, dem ehemaligen ungarischen Kanzler Stellvertreter geschrieben worden, der ab 1851 als Mitglied des Reichsrates zu der regierenden politischen Elite gehörte. Anfange 1849 hat sich SzĆgyĂ©ny verpflichtet, gegenĂŒber der ungarischen RebellenRegierung der kaiserlichen Macht zu dienen, aber in dem ober erwĂ€hnten an einem von seinen Freunden gerichteten Brief hat er dennoch âdie gegenĂŒber unsere Heimat verĂŒbten niedertrĂ€chtigen Intrigen", die âvon oben aufgefĂŒhrte ruchlose Politik" eindeutig verurteilt. Kempen hat die Kopie wahrscheinlich an den Kaiser unterbreitet, der aber das Zutrauen zu SzĆgyĂ©ny nicht verloren hat
A kultĂșrtranszfer professzionĂĄlis közvetĂtĆi : Maria RĂłzsa: Wiener und Pester Blatter des VormĂ€rz und ihre Rolle der Kulturvermittlung. Kontakte, Parallelen, Literaturvermittlung, Redakteure und Mitarbeiter. Studien zur Literaturwissenschaft, 6.) Gabriele Schiffer Verlag, Herne, 2013. 278 oldal : [könyvismertetĂ©s]
Az egyesĂŒletek Ă©s a Schmerling-provizĂłrium kormĂĄnyzata
The period of the interim unconstitutional administration in Hungary (5.11. 1861-18.07.1865), the socalled 'Schmerling-Provisorium' had certain dual character concerning operating conditions of the civil associations. After the paralysis of the former decade the quantitative as well as qualitative indicators showed dynamic development having started already in 1857/58. On the other hand, the mechanisms of direct and indirect state control of their operation were turning even more oppressing. Through confidential and never published instructions Count Mor Palffy who as governor stood at the head of public administration of Hungary strove in these years to work out and enforce ever more and more stipulations in order to restrict their autonomy. Before 1864 he did not intend to issue new general regulation in this respect, instead he endeavoured to build further restrictive instructions into the statutes of the new associations. In 1864, nonetheless, he made an attempt at enforcing new comprehensive regulation, without success. In the Western provinces of the Austrian Empire the mere existence of the recently founded constitutional political institutions, first of all of the 'Reichsrat', prevented any similar attempt at bringing civil associatios under strict state control, moreover, Palffy himself considered the matter of associations as an provincial affair and not as an imperial one, thus he had to look for potential political supporters first of all among the high ranking Hungarian civil servants. The latter, however, mostly deemed Palffy's aspiration to be definetely harmful on the chances of any future political settlement
Mennyire volt "neo" Ă©s "abszolĂșt" az 1849 utĂĄni neoabszolutizmus? : Georg Christoph Berger Waldenegg : Mit vereinten KrĂ€ften! : zum VerhĂ€ltnis von Herrschaftspraxis und Systemkonsolidierung im Neoabsolutismus am Beispiel der Nationalanleihe von 1854
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