Scott-representability of some spaces of Tall and Miskin

[EN] In this paper we show that a variation of a technique of Miskin and Tall yields a cocompact completely regular Moore space that is Scott-domain-representable and has a closed Gδ-subspace that is not Scott-domain-representable. This clarifies the general topology of Scott-domain-representable spaces and raises additional questions about Scott-domain representability in Moore spaces.Bennet, H.; Lutzer, D. (2008). Scott-representability of some spaces of Tall and Miskin. Applied General Topology. 9(2):281-292. doi:10.4995/agt.2008.1807.SWORD28129292J. Aarts, J. deGroot and R. McDowell, Cocompactness, Nieuw Archief voor Wiskungid 36 (1970), 2–15.J. Aarts and D. Lutzer, Completeness Properties Designed for Recognizing Baire Spaces, Dissertationes Mathematicae 116 (1974), 1–45.Bennett, H., & Lutzer, D. (2006). Domain-representable spaces. Fundamenta Mathematicae, 189(3), 255-268. doi:10.4064/fm189-3-3H. Bennett and D. Lutzer, Domain representability of certain complete spaces, Houston J. Math, to appear. H. Bennett, D. Lutzer and G. M. Reed, Domain representability and the Choquet game in Moore and BCO-spaces, Topology and its Applications, to appear.Estill, M. E. (1950). Concerning abstract spaces. Duke Mathematical Journal, 17(4), 317-327. doi:10.1215/s0012-7094-50-01730-3Kopperman, R., Künzi, H.-P. A., & Waszkiewicz, P. (2004). Bounded complete models of topological spaces. Topology and its Applications, 139(1-3), 285-297. doi:10.1016/j.topol.2003.12.001Martin, K. (2003). Topological games in domain theory. Topology and its Applications, 129(2), 177-186. doi:10.1016/s0166-8641(02)00147-5Martin, K., Mislove, M. W., & Reed, G. M. (2002). Topology and Domain Theory. Recent Progress in General Topology II, 371-394. doi:10.1016/b978-044450980-2/50014-5V. Miskin, The Amsterdam properties in Moore spaces, Colloq. Math Soc. Janos Bolyai 41 (1983), 427–439.Tall, F. D. (1973). A counterexample in the theories of compactness and of metrization. Indagationes Mathematicae (Proceedings), 76(5), 471-474. doi:10.1016/1385-7258(73)90072-

Manufacturing processes

The following issues are covered: process development frequently lags behind material development, high fabrication costs, flex joints (bellows) - a continuing program, SRM fabrication-induced defects, and in-space assembly will require simplified design

Estimation of Shade Losses in Unlabeled PV Data

We provide a methodology for estimating the losses due to shade in power generation data sets produced by real-world photovoltaic (PV) systems. We focus this work on estimating shade loss from data that are unlabeled, i.e. power measurements with time stamps but no other information such as site configuration or meteorological data. This approach enables, for the first time, the analysis of data generated by small scale, distributed PV systems, which do not have the data quality or richness of large, utility-scale PV systems or research-grade installations. This work is an application of the newly published signal decomposition (SD) framework, which provides an extensible approach for estimating hidden components in time-series data.Comment: 8 pages in double-column format, 12 figures, and 2 table

Bilateral versus unilateral cochlear implants in children: a study of spoken language outcomes

OBJECTIVES: Although it has been established that bilateral cochlear implants (CIs) offer additional speech perception and localization benefits to many children with severe to profound hearing loss, whether these improved perceptual abilities facilitate significantly better language development has not yet been clearly established. The aims of this study were to compare language abilities of children having unilateral and bilateral CIs to quantify the rate of any improvement in language attributable to bilateral CIs and to document other predictors of language development in children with CIs. DESIGN: The receptive vocabulary and language development of 91 children was assessed when they were aged either 5 or 8 years old by using the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (fourth edition), and either the Preschool Language Scales (fourth edition) or the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (fourth edition), respectively. Cognitive ability, parent involvement in children\u27s intervention or education programs, and family reading habits were also evaluated. Language outcomes were examined by using linear regression analyses. The influence of elements of parenting style, child characteristics, and family background as predictors of outcomes were examined. RESULTS: Children using bilateral CIs achieved significantly better vocabulary outcomes and significantly higher scores on the Core and Expressive Language subscales of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (fourth edition) than did comparable children with unilateral CIs. Scores on the Preschool Language Scales (fourth edition) did not differ significantly between children with unilateral and bilateral CIs. Bilateral CI use was found to predict significantly faster rates of vocabulary and language development than unilateral CI use; the magnitude of this effect was moderated by child age at activation of the bilateral CI. In terms of parenting style, high levels of parental involvement, low amounts of screen time, and more time spent by adults reading to children facilitated significantly better vocabulary and language outcomes. In terms of child characteristics, higher cognitive ability and female sex were predictive of significantly better language outcomes. When family background factors were examined, having tertiary-educated primary caregivers and a family history of hearing loss were significantly predictive of better outcomes. Birth order was also found to have a significant negative effect on both vocabulary and language outcomes, with each older sibling predicting a 5 to 10% decrease in scores. CONCLUSIONS: Children with bilateral CIs achieved significantly better vocabulary outcomes, and 8-year-old children with bilateral CIs had significantly better language outcomes than did children with unilateral CIs. These improvements were moderated by children\u27s ages at both first and second CIs. The outcomes were also significantly predicted by a number of factors related to parenting, child characteristics, and family background. Fifty-one percent of the variance in vocabulary outcomes and between 59 to 69% of the variance in language outcomes was predicted by the regression models

Cosmic magnetism: The plasma physics of the recombining universe

This thesis presents an analytical and computational approach to modelling partially ionised, spatially-inhomogeneous and recombining plasmas. The specific context for this study is astrophysical plasmas, the early Universe in particular. Two models are investigated in detail: a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma model to simulate partially ionised plasmas; and a fully electromagnetic/kinetic model, used to study recombining plasmas. The first section further develops an existing computational model of a partially ionised plasma as a mixture of two cospatial fluids: an MHD plasma and a neutral gas. In order to model the interaction between the plasma and neutral gas populations ab initio, a collisional momentum exchange term was added to the momentum equation of each fluid. The model was used to investigate the combined response to different wave modes driven in the plasma or the neutral gas. The momentum coupling between the plasma and the neutral gas leads to complex interactions between the two populations. In particular, the propagation of plasma waves induces waves in the neutral gas by virtue of the collisional momentum exchange between the velocity fields of each fluid. This means that the normal wave modes of each independent fluid are modified to produce a combined, hybrid response, with the intriguing possibility that neutral gas can not only respond indirectly to magnetic fluctuations but also generate them via sound waves. This model is used to examine an existing observational method known as the ‘Chandrasekhar-Fermi method’ (CF53) for the diagnosis of magnetic fields in astrophysical plasmas. CF53 is commonly applied to objects such as nebulae and molecular clouds which are partially-ionised plasmas. It assumes that the gas motion can be used to infer the magnetic field strength, given coupling between Alfv´en waves in the plasma and the thermal motion of the neutral gas. Computational results show that this method may need to be refined, and that certain assumptions made should be re-evaluated. This is consistent with reports in the literature of CF53 under- or over-estimating the magnetic fields in objects such as molecular clouds. The second part of this thesis concentrates on the non-equilibrium evolution of magnetic field structures at the onset of the large-scale recombination of an inhomogeneouslyionised plasma, such as the Universe was during the epoch of recombination. The conduction currents sustaining the magnetic structure will be removed as the charges comprising them combine into neutrals. The effect that a decaying magnetic flux has on the acceleration of remaining charged particles via the transient induced electric field is considered. Since the residual charged-particle number density is small as a result of decoupling, the magnetic and electric fields can be considered essentially to be imposed, neglecting for now the feedback from any minority accelerated population. The electromagnetic treatment of this phase transition can produce energetic electrons scattered throughout the Universe. Such particles could have a significant effect on cosmic evolution in several ways: (i) their presence could influence the overall physics of the recombination era; and (ii) a population of energetic particles might lend a Coulomb contribution to localized gravitational collapse. This is confirmed by a numerical simulation in which a magnetic domain is modelled as a uniform field region produced by a thin surrounding current sheet. The imposed decay of the current sheet simulates the formation of neutrals characteristic of the decoupling era, and the induced electric field accompanying the magnetic collapse is able to accelerate ambient stationary electrons (that is, electrons not participating in the current sheet) to energies of up to order 10keV. This is consistent with theoretical predictions

High prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iraqi and Swedish residents in a deprived Swedish neighbourhood - a population based study

Background: Immigrants from the Middle-East are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present survey was to measure, in a single deprived neighbourhood, the prevalence rates of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and T2D in residents originating from Iraq and to compare them to those in residents born in Sweden. An additional aim was to identify metabolic, lifestyle and socioeconomic risk factors associated with IFG/IGT and T2D in these residents. Methods: The study was conducted February 1'st to March 31'st 2010. Men and women aged 45 to 65 years of Swedish or Iraqi origin, living in the neighbourhood of Rosengard, Malmo, Sweden, were randomly selected from the census register. Each participant signed a written informed consent form, underwent a physical examination and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), provided blood samples and filled in a questionnaire. A total of 175 subjects participated (Swedish origin n = 79, Iraqi origin n = 96), reflecting an overall response rate of almost 60%. Results: In total, 21.9% and 19.0% of the Iraqi and Swedish participants, respectively, suffered from T2D, while 24.0% of the Iraqi participants and 25.3% of the Swedish participants had IFG/IGT. There were no significant differences in prevalence rates relating to country of origin. Obesity (BMI >= 30 kg/m(2)) and sedentary leisure time physical activity were highly prevalent in both groups, while a family history of diabetes was more prevalent in participants from Iraq (49.2%) than in those from Sweden (22.8%) (p = 0.001). Being obese or having a sedentary leisure time were, independently associated with T2D (OR 5.43 (95% CI 2.10-14.02) and 2.89 (95% CI 1.03-8.10) respectively), while economic difficulties were independently associated with IFG/IGT (OR 2.55 (95% CI 1.06-6.15)) after adjustment for the confounding effects of other common risk factors for T2D. Conclusions: This study reveals a high prevalence of T2D, independently of country of origin (Iraq or Sweden), in a socially vulnerable area and additionally presents a risk factor profile that is markedly different from that of Sweden in general

Ethnicity is an independent risk indicator when estimating diabetes risk with FINDRISC scores: A cross sectional study comparing immigrants from the Middle East and native Swedes.

This study sought to compare type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk indicators in Iraqi immigrants with those in ethnic Swedes living in southern Sweden

A description of veterinary eliminations within British National Endurance rides in the competitive season of 2019

Veterinary eliminations within the equestrian sport of endurance have predominantly been evaluated based on data from international competitions. However, in order to take part in international competition, each horse and rider must qualify by completing rides under their national federation. The aim of this study was to analyse the competitive data and veterinary eliminations, specifically lameness, from competitions run by the British governing body of endurance: Endurance GB, during the 2019 competitive season. Competitive results for 765 ride starts from seven different ride venues were evaluated; 81.6% (n=624) horses successfully completed the rides, with the remaining 18.4% (n=141) failing to complete the ride. The majority of horses that were unsuccessful were eliminated for lameness at veterinary inspections (n=83; 58.9%). Horses competing in single loop rides (up to 55 km rides) had a success rate of 88.6% (n=624), in contrast, horses competing in rides of three loops or more (>80 km rides) reported a decreased success rate of 61.8% (n=81). Hindlimb lameness was identified more frequently (n=50; 60.2%) compared with forelimb lameness (n=33; 39.8%). Further consideration should be given to the differences between single loop rides, where a higher percentage are presented to the veterinary panel as lame prior to the start, and multi loop rides, where a higher percentage of horses are eliminated lame during the ride and potential risk factors for the increased prevalence of hindlimb lameness observed

From Map to Dist: the Evolution of a Large-Scale Wlan Monitoring System

The edge of the Internet is increasingly becoming wireless. Therefore, monitoring the wireless edge is important to understanding the security and performance aspects of the Internet experience. We have designed and implemented a large-scale WLAN monitoring system, the Distributed Internet Security Testbed (DIST), at Dartmouth College. It is equipped with distributed arrays of “sniffers” that cover 210 diverse campus locations and more than 5,000 users. In this paper, we describe our approach, designs and solutions for addressing the technical challenges that have resulted from efficiency, scalability, security, and management perspectives. We also present extensive evaluation results on a production network, and summarize the lessons learned