Response for light scattered in the ocular fundus from double-pass and Hartmann–Shack estimations

Double-pass (DP) and Hartmann--Shack (HS) are complementary techniques based on reflections of light in the ocular fundus that may be used to estimate the optical properties of the human eye. Under conventional data processing, both of these assessment modes provide information on aberrations. In addition, DP data contain the effects of scattering. In the ocular fundus, this phenomenon may arise from the interaction of light with not only the retina, but also deeper layers up to which certain wavelengths may penetrate. In this work, we estimate the response of the ocular fundus to incident light by fitting the deviations between DP and HS estimations using an exponential model. In measurements with negligible intraocular scattering, such differences may be related to the lateral spreading of light that occurs in the ocular fundus due to the diffusive properties of the media at the working wavelength. The proposed model was applied in young healthy eyes to evaluate the performance of scattering in such a population. Besides giving a parameter with information on the ocular fundus, the model contributes to the understanding of the differences between DP and HS estimations.Postprint (author's final draft

Fundamento fisiológico del desarrollo de las capacidades coordinativas en los martillistas categoría escolar (Original)

This research dealt with the subject of technical preparation in the hammer throw, due to coordinative limitations in the execution of the competitive gesture, it is directed to elaborate a didactic strategy for the development of coordinative capacities, for its concretion it was taken as a sample 24 school category hammerists (12-13 and 14-15 years old) out of a population of 64 which represents 37.5%. The results of the research contributed to promote in a specific way the methodological and physiological bases of the coordinative capacities as a determining direction of the training process from a global perspective, aimed at solving the problems detected. The consulted specialists provided feasible criteria referring to the structural conception of the didactic strategy, it complies with the theoretical and methodological requirements, it is novel, its application feasible, it is pertinent because it contributes to the development of the coordinating capacities in hammer makers.La presente investigación abordó como temática la preparación técnica en el lanzamiento de martillo, debido a limitaciones coordinativas en la ejecución del gesto competitivo, la misma se direcciona a elaborar una estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de las capacidades coordinativas, para su concreción se tomó como muestra 24 martillistas categoría escolar (12-13 y 14-15 años) de una población de 64 la cual representa el 37.5%. Los resultados de la investigación coadyuvaron a fomentar de manera específica las bases metodológicas y fisiológicas de las capacidades coordinativas como dirección determinante del proceso de entrenamiento desde una perspectiva global, encaminada a resolver los problemas detectados. Los especialistas consultados aportaron criterios factibles referidos a la concepción estructural de la estrategia didáctica, esta cumple con los requisitos teóricos y metodológicos, es novedosa, factible de su aplicación, es pertinente pues contribuye al desarrollo las capacidades coordinativas en los martillistas

Estrategia interdisciplinaria en la formación del Técnico Medio en Construcción Civil (Original)

The present investigation is based on the problem situation presented from the insufficiencies manifested by the students of the Civil Construction specialty in the integration of the contents of Physical Education with the disciplines of the year. Its purpose is specified in the proposal of an interdisciplinary strategy that enables rapprochement relations, cooperation between the disciplines declared in the curriculum. For the realization of the objective, a sample of 110 students from the first year of the career is taken who identifies with the population, which represents 100%. The essential result is specified in the interdisciplinary strategy containing support actions, physical exercises with access to professional skills, as well as recreational activities, which contribute to the social purpose of the Civil Construction specialty from the content of Physical Education. The specialists consulted provided favorable criteria regarding the structure of the interdisciplinary strategy.La presente investigación se basa en la situación problémica presentada a partir de las insuficiencias que manifiestan los estudiantes de la especialidad de Construcción Civil en la integración de los contenidos de la Educación Física con las disciplinas del año. El propósito de la misma se concreta en la propuesta de una estrategia interdisciplinaria que posibilite las relaciones de acercamiento, cooperación entre las disciplinas declaradas en el currículo. Para la concreción del objetivo se toma una muestra de 110 estudiantes del primer año de la carrera que se identifica con la población lo que representa el 100%. El resultado esencial se precisa en la estrategia interdisciplinaria contentiva de acciones de ayuda, ejercicios físicos con salida a las habilidades profesionales, así como actividades lúdicas, que tributen al objeto social de la especialidad de Construcción Civil desde el contenido de la Educación Física. Los especialistas consultados aportaron criterios favorables referidos a la estructura de la estrategia interdisciplinaria

Una mirada alternativa para el tratamiento de camuflaje de la clase III esquelética. Reporte de un caso clínico

Skeletal class III treatment is a challenge for the dental team, especially in kids and teenagers; therefore, it is important to have multiple alternative and treatment modalities that are not traditionally used.  The purpose of this report is to review the interceptive orthodontic treatment of a female patient with a Class III malocclusion in the mixed dentition, severe crowding in both arches with no space for upper and lower canines’ eruption. The patient was treated at nine years old, nonsurgical with extraction of mandibular first molars. The basis for this treatment approach is presented, and the short term treatment results reviewed. Important factors to consider when establishing a camouflage of a Class III molar relationship and its limitations are discussed in order to avoid an orthognatic surgery.El tratamiento de las maloclusiones Clase III esqueléticas es un gran reto para el equipo odontológico especialmente en niños o adolescentes, de tal manera que es importante contar con alternativas que no sean los utilizados de forma tradicional. El propósito de este reporte es revisar el tratamiento ortodóntico interceptivo de una paciente femenina con maloclusión clase III en dentición mixta, apiñamiento severo en ambas arcadas con disminución en el espacio para la erupción de caninos; la paciente es tratada desde los 9 años con extracción de primeros molares mandibulares. Se presentan las bases del tratamiento y su resultado a corto plazo. Se discuten algunos factores importantes para establecer un camuflaje de una relación molar de clase III y además revisar las limitaciones del tratamiento con la finalidad de prevenir la necesidad de una cirugía ortognática

Quantification of forward scattering based on the analysis of double-pass images in the frequency domain

Preprin

Decay of sperm obtained from epididymes of wild ruminants depending on postmortem time

P. 24-40We have carried out a study on the effect of postmortem time (PT) in some characteristics of epididymal sperm salvaged from hunted Iberian red deer and roe deer. Testis were collected, identified, refrigerated down to 5 °C, and sent to our laboratory by the wardens of the hunting reserves. This way, samples were delivered at different times postmortem. Sperm were extracted from the cauda epididymis by means of cuts. Analyzed parameters were: osmolality, pH, motility—both subjectively and with CASA, HOS test reactivity, acrosomal status and viability (assessed with propidium iodide). Osmolality and pH rose with prolonged postmortem time, possibly due to tissue decomposition. Most sperm quality parameters negatively correlated with PT. Besides, when comparing PT classes (groups of 24 h for red deer and 30 h for roe deer), we could appreciate that motility was more affected by PT than other quality variables. Progressive motility was especially impaired. We also classified the samples in high, medium and low quality for each PT group (considering progressive motility, intact acrosomes and reactivity to the HOS test), and it was clear that after 2 days the number of high quality samples was testimonial, and after several days, we almost found only low quality samples. In conclusion, epididymal sperm from Iberian red deer and roe deer undergo a decrease of quality with PT, but it could stay acceptable within many hours postmortem. There are implications for wildlife conservation programs, as epididymal sperm is a good source of germplasm. If valuable animals die and it is not possible to process their sperm immediately, it may still be possible to obtain viable spermatozoa many hours later.S

Use of spectral information for red scale pest control

Decreasing the use of pesticides is one of the main goals of current agriculture, which requires fast, precise and continuous assessments of crop pests. Citrus pests cause a lot of damage worldwide and the techniques to evaluate them are mainly based on manual, time-consuming readings of insects stuck on traps spread over the crops. This is the case of red scale insects, whose control is notably challenging due to their small size and high reproduction rate. Hence, in this work, we carry out a spectral characterization of this insect in the visible range through spectrometric devices, microscopy and hyperspectral imaging technology to analyze the feasibility of using this information as a means of automatically identifying specimens belonging to this species in this era of precision agriculture. The results obtained show that spectral reflectance differences between red scales and other insects can be recorded at long (red) wavelengths and that red scales are morphologically different, i.e., smaller and more rounded. A reflectance ratio computed from spectral images taken at 774 nm and 410 nm is proposed as a new approach for automated discrimination of red scales from other insects.This project has been co-financed by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and has the support of the Secretariat of Universities and Research of the Department of Business and Knowledge of the Generalitat de Catalunya (Exp. 2019PROD00013)Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Proceso tecnológico para la germinación comercial de la semilla de arroz

The investigation was carried out during the time of cold 2012-2013 with the objective of to develop and to determine the appropriate steps for the germination of the seed of rice for the method Vietnamese, an experimental design of Blocks Chance was used with factorial arrangement of two factors (2 x 4): two technological variants (technology bases and new technology) in four moments (November 23/2012, December 15/2012, January 15/2013 and February 15/2013) and 4 repetitions. The process bases it was taken I end up according to the technical regulatory scheme of the cultivation of the rice in Cuba and it stops in the retrial the indication of the process Vietnamese the one it was continued which was adapted to the conditions of Cuba, as germination of the seed of rice he/she has two decisive stages; hydrate process and process of rest, at the 48 hours of being in the stage rest, were determined by treatment the germinated seeds, long of the radícula and the long of the plúmula, to the collected data they were carried out analysis of variance bifactorial. The significant differences among stockings you docimaron according to the test of Multiple Ranges of Dúncan for pLa investigación se llevó a cabo durante la época de frío 2012 _ 2013 con el objetivo de desarrollar y determinar los pasos adecuados para la germinación de la semilla de arroz por el método vietnamita, se utilizó un diseño experimental de Bloques Azar con arreglo factorial de dos factores (2 x 4): dos variantes tecnológicas (tecnología base y nueva tecnología) en cuatro momentos (noviembre 23/2012, diciembre 15/2012, enero 15/2013 y febrero 15/2013) y 4 repeticiones. El proceso base se llevó acabo según la normativa técnica del cultivo del arroz en Cuba y para en el nuevo proceso se siguió la indicación del proceso vietnamita el cual se adecuó a las condiciones de Cuba, como germinación de la semilla de arroz tiene dos etapas decisivas; proceso de hidratación y proceso de reposo, a las 48 horas de estar en la etapa reposo, se determinó por tratamiento las semillas germinadas, largo de la radícula y el largo de la plúmula, a los datos colectados se realizaron análisis de varianza bifactorial. Las diferencias significativas entre medias se docimaron según la prueba de Rangos Múltiples de Dúncan para p=0.05. Todos los análisis estadísticos se llevaron a cabo con el software STATGRAPHICS Plus versión 5.1 en ambiente Windows. Se encontró que con la nueva variante tecnológica se logró la adecuada proporción entre la radícula y la plúmula, se incrementó la germinación de la semilla en un 13.35% y con ello el ahorro de 19 kg de semilla de arroz por cada hectárea cultivada

Nuevo sistema de doble-paso compacto con enfoque asimétrico

Every day more people are using multifocal systems to correct presbyopia, as for example contact lenses or intraocular lenses. As a consequence, the necessity to do an appropriate characterization of their optical quality has increased. Due to this situation, the main purpose of this project has been to develop a new compact open-field double-pass system with asymmetric focus that characterizes objectively in vivo the optical quality of multifocal systems that are adapted or implanted in the eye. As a preliminary study, one diffractive and one refractive multifocal lens were implanted in a wet customized model-eye and characterized by this new set-up. Regarding the asymmetric focus of the set-up, a through-focus from +0.75 to -4.00D in steps of 0.25D was performed in the second pass for each tested lens,while the optical power of the first pass remained fixed. Results show that it is possible to distinguish, characterize the different foci of the measured multifocal intraocular lenses implanted in the model eye, and evaluate the optical quality of the system composed by the eye + the multifocal element. Therefore, it has been concluded that this new compact open-field double-pass system with asymmetric focus is suitable to evaluate the optical quality of multifocal systems adapted or implanted in the eye.Cada día más personas usan elementos ópticos multifocales para corregir la presbicia, por ejemplo una lente de contacto o una lente intraocular. En consecuencia, la necesidad de evaluar la calidad óptica del ojo con un elemento corrector multifocal ha adquirido una gran importancia. Dada esta situación, el principal objetivo de este proyecto ha sido desarrollar un nuevo sistema compacto basado en la técnica de doble-paso con enfoque asimétrico capaz de realizar una caracterización objetiva e “in vivo” de la calidad óptica del conjunto ojo-elemento óptico multifocal. En este estudio preliminar se han empleado dos lentes intraoculares multifocales, una difractiva y otra refractiva,implantadas en un ojo artificial. Al ser un sistema con enfoque asimétrico, se utilizó el segundo paso para realizar un barrido desde +0.75 a -4.00D en pasos de 0.25 D manteniendo el primer paso fijo. Los resultados han mostrado que es posible hallar y diferenciar los dos planos de enfoque, lejano y cercano, de las lentes intraoculares multifocales implantadas en el ojo artificial y evaluar la calidad óptica del conjunto ojoelemento multifocal. Por tanto, se ha demostrado la viabilidad de este nuevo sistema compacto de doble-paso con enfoque asimétrico para caracterizar la calidad óptica de un ojo con un elemento óptico multifocal.Postprint (published version

Metastable liquid lamellar structures in binary and ternary mixtures of Lennard-Jones fluids

We have carried out extensive equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the Liquid-Vapor coexistence in partially miscible binary and ternary mixtures of Lennard-Jones (LJ) fluids. We have studied in detail the time evolution of the density profiles and the interfacial properties in a temperature region of the phase diagram where the condensed phase is demixed. The composition of the mixtures are fixed, 50% for the binary mixture and 33.33% for the ternary mixture. The results of the simulations clearly indicate that in the range of temperatures $78 < T < 102 ^{\rm o}$K, --in the scale of argon-- the system evolves towards a metastable alternated liquid-liquid lamellar state in coexistence with its vapor phase. These states can be achieved if the initial configuration is fully disordered, that is, when the particles of the fluids are randomly placed on the sites of an FCC crystal or the system is completely mixed. As temperature decreases these states become very well defined and more stables in time. We find that below $90 ^{\rm o}$K, the alternated liquid-liquid lamellar state remains alive for 80 ns, in the scale of argon, the longest simulation we have carried out. Nonetheless, we believe that in this temperature region these states will be alive for even much longer times.Comment: 18 Latex-RevTex pages including 12 encapsulated postscript figures. Figures with better resolution available upon request. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E Dec. 1st issu