La mediación: ¿una alternativa real al proceso penal?

La principal finalidad que persigue este método alternativo de justicia es la de alcanzar la solución más justa posible a un conflicto originado por la comisión de un delito, que, según los defensores de este proceso, es la reparación del daño causado a la víctima, elevar los niveles de satisfacción de la misma, estimular al ofensor a pensar acerca de los efectos del delito que ha cometido, y reducir los niveles de reincidencia, en lugar del castigo del autor del hecho, como sucede en el vigente sistema de justicia penal. Pero la opción del legislador por incluir en un ordenamiento jurídico determinado la posibilidad de que la comisión de un acto delictivo se derive a un proceso mediador no está exento de dudas e incertidumbres. Aunque la mediación penal se ha aplicado con éxito en multitud de países durante más de dos décadas, y sigue siendo objeto de un gran caudal literario, tanto a nivel teórico como estadístico, lo que parece cierto es que estamos ante una institución o fórmula alternativa de justicia todavía inacabada que, aunque no en todos los casos, plantea problemas de índole procesal de gran calado, especialmente en relación con el riesgo de abandono de los derechos fundamentales de naturaleza procesal del imputado, pero también en relación con la seguridad de la víctima. En el estudio realizado en este trabajo se analiza si la opción –en caso de aceptarla- por la mediación penal ha de verse como una alternativa real al sistema de justicia vigente, o si se trata de una rama de la justicia que puede surgir en un momento determinado de un tronco común (el proceso penal) a los efectos de dar una solución más justa y eficaz al conflicto planteado, teniendo presente el interés público en dicha solución, y no sólo –aunque también- de las partes involucradas en el mismo.The aim of the Restorative Justice, as an alternative method to the traditional judicial process, is to repair the harm caused to the victim, improving victim satisfaction, encouraging the offender to think about the impact of their offending and reduce reoffending instead of seeking the punishment for the perpetrator. However, the choice for the legislator to include that kind of justice in a particular legal system is not free from doubt and uncertainty. Although Victim Offender Mediation programs, have been applied successfully in many countries for over two decades, and remains the subject of a great literary flow, both theoretically and statistically, what seems certain is that we are in front of an alternative formula of criminal justice still unfinished. The option for Restorative Justice Methods such as VOM raises procedural issues of great concern, especially in relation to the risk of abandonment of the legal rights and procedural safeguards of the accused, but also in relation to the safety of the victim. This article analyzes whether the option - if accepted - by the Victim-Offender Mediation should be seen as a real alternative to the current Justice System, or whether it should be seen as a branch of the current System of Justice that could be diverted for the purpose of giving a fairest and more effective solution to the criminal action committed, bearing in mind the public interest in such a solution, and not only - but also-, the interest of the parties involved in it

Cuestiones prejudiciales: concepto, requisitos, clases

Cuestiones prejudiciales, presentación Power Point

The Center for Tourism Analysis and its Prospectives in Córdoba: an experimental project of research and knowledge transfer for the tourism sector

El Centro de Análisis y Prospectiva del Turismo (CAPT) ha sido creado a iniciativa del Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Desarrollo Territorial y la Oficina de Transferencia de la Investigación (OTRI) de la Universidad de Córdoba, con la cofinanciación inicial de la Secretaría General de Universidades, Investigación y Tecnología de la Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad de la Junta de Andalucía, así como con los fondos FEDER de la Unión Europea. El objetivo principal es recopilar, procesar, analizar, interpretar, sistematizar y divulgar información sobre el sector turístico provincial; apoyando la investigación y su gestión científica, así como facilitando la transferencia de conocimientos de los Grupos de Investigación y expertos de la Universidad de Córdoba tanto a los organismos públicos con competencias en turismo como al sector privado empresarial. Para ello este centro tiene la intención de convocar reuniones científicas y técnicas con las instituciones públicas de turismo como con las y asociaciones empresariales privadas del sector, fomentando el debate y el intercambio de experiencias, así como la investigación multidisciplinar que permita diagnosticar la situación actual y la toma de decisiones a los agentes turísticos cordobeses. Finalmente cabe destacar como principal proyecto del CAPT el sistema de información turística de Córdoba (SITCOR) herramienta de análisis y prospección que ofrecerá resultados periódicos de la actividad turística.The Center for Tourism Analysis and its Prospectives (CAPT) has been created at the initiative of the Vice-Chancellor of Research and Territorial Development and the Research Transfer Office (OTRI) of the University of Córdoba, with the initial co-financing of the General Secretariat of Universities, Research and Technology of the Ministry of Economics, Knowledge, Business and University of the Junta de Andalucía, as well as with the EFRD of the European Union. The main objective is to collect, process, analyze, interpret, systematize and disseminate information about the provincial tourism sector; supporting research and its scientific management, as well as facilitating the transfer of knowledge from research groups and experts of the University of Córdoba in the study of tourism policy and planning. To this end, scientific and technical meetings will be convened with public institutions with competence in tourism, as well as with private entities promoting debate and exchange of experiences, as well as multidisciplinary research to diagnose the current situation and decisionmaking for tourism agents in Córdoba. Finally, the tourist information system of Córdoba (SITCOR) analysis and prospecting tool that will offer periodic results of the tourist activity will be highlighted as the main project

Metodología para tutorización y elaboración de trabajos de fin de grado en las líneas de Derecho procesal propuestas en las titulaciones-EEES de la UA

Se presenta a la Comunidad Universitaria una reflexión sobre el impacto práctico que desde el pasado curso académico 2014-2015 ha supuesto la implementación de la asignatura Trabajo de Fin de Grado en las líneas de Derecho Procesal propuestas en las titulaciones EEES de la Universidad de Alicante de Grado en Derecho, Grado en Criminología, Grado en Derecho y Administración de Empresas, y Grado en Gestión y Administración Pública. El estudio pone de manifiesto una serie de deficiencias formales y materiales que se conocen tras la puesta en común de la casuística experimentada por las investigadoras, en calidad de tutoras individuales de los/las alumnos/as que han cursado dicha asignatura; además, se concluye con una propuesta concreta de modelo de tutorización, basada, de un lado en una motivación del/la alumno/a desde la docencia cooperativa, y de otro lado, en la colaboración entre tutores

Key Factors Associated With Pulmonary Sequelae in the Follow-Up of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients

Introduction: Critical COVID-19 survivors have a high risk of respiratory sequelae. Therefore, we aimed to identify key factors associated with altered lung function and CT scan abnormalities at a follow-up visit in a cohort of critical COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Multicenter ambispective observational study in 52 Spanish intensive care units. Up to 1327 PCR-confirmed critical COVID-19 patients had sociodemographic, anthropometric, comorbidity and lifestyle characteristics collected at hospital admission; clinical and biological parameters throughout hospital stay; and, lung function and CT scan at a follow-up visit. Results: The median [p25–p75] time from discharge to follow-up was 3.57 [2.77–4.92] months. Median age was 60 [53–67] years, 27.8% women. The mean (SD) percentage of predicted diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) at follow-up was 72.02 (18.33)% predicted, with 66% of patients having DLCO < 80% and 24% having DLCO < 60%. CT scan showed persistent pulmonary infiltrates, fibrotic lesions, and emphysema in 33%, 25% and 6% of patients, respectively. Key variables associated with DLCO < 60% were chronic lung disease (CLD) (OR: 1.86 (1.18–2.92)), duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (OR: 1.56 (1.37–1.77)), age (OR [per-1-SD] (95%CI): 1.39 (1.18–1.63)), urea (OR: 1.16 (0.97–1.39)) and estimated glomerular filtration rate at ICU admission (OR: 0.88 (0.73–1.06)). Bacterial pneumonia (1.62 (1.11–2.35)) and duration of ventilation (NIMV (1.23 (1.06–1.42), IMV (1.21 (1.01–1.45)) and prone positioning (1.17 (0.98–1.39)) were associated with fibrotic lesions. Conclusion: Age and CLD, reflecting patients’ baseline vulnerability, and markers of COVID-19 severity, such as duration of IMV and renal failure, were key factors associated with impaired DLCO and CT abnormalities

Outcomes of elective liver surgery worldwide: a global, prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study

Background: The outcomes of liver surgery worldwide remain unknown. The true population-based outcomes are likely different to those vastly reported that reflect the activity of highly specialized academic centers. The aim of this study was to measure the true worldwide practice of liver surgery and associated outcomes by recruiting from centers across the globe. The geographic distribution of liver surgery activity and complexity was also evaluated to further understand variations in outcomes. Methods: LiverGroup.org was an international, prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study following the Global Surgery Collaborative Snapshot Research approach with a 3-month prospective, consecutive patient enrollment within January–December 2019. Each patient was followed up for 90 days postoperatively. All patients undergoing liver surgery at their respective centers were eligible for study inclusion. Basic demographics, patient and operation characteristics were collected. Morbidity was recorded according to the Clavien–Dindo Classification of Surgical Complications. Country-based and hospital-based data were collected, including the Human Development Index (HDI). (NCT03768141). Results: A total of 2159 patients were included from six continents. Surgery was performed for cancer in 1785 (83%) patients. Of all patients, 912 (42%) experienced a postoperative complication of any severity, while the major complication rate was 16% (341/2159). The overall 90-day mortality rate after liver surgery was 3.8% (82/2,159). The overall failure to rescue rate was 11% (82/ 722) ranging from 5 to 35% among the higher and lower HDI groups, respectively. Conclusions: This is the first to our knowledge global surgery study specifically designed and conducted for specialized liver surgery. The authors identified failure to rescue as a significant potentially modifiable factor for mortality after liver surgery, mostly related to lower Human Development Index countries. Members of the LiverGroup.org network could now work together to develop quality improvement collaboratives

Tratamiento procesal de la competencia

Tratamiento procesal de la competencia

Derecho Procesal. Materiales docentes en inglés II

The Spanish Criminal Proces

Unit 8. Independent and Impartial Judges

Unit 8 Spanish Procedural Law. Independent and Impartial Judges