34 research outputs found
Análisis de la interacción genotipo por ambiente en papa (Solanum tuberosum spp. andígena), a través de una metodología no paramétrica.
Papa-Solanum tuberosu
孟子的德福一致观
孟子虽然没有专门讨论过什么是幸福,也没有专门论述过德性与幸福的关系,但根据其有关论述可见,孟子认为德福一致是实然的,即有德必有福,越有德性的人越幸福,二者是直接统一的。当然,德福一致只可能在孟子理想的王道社会中实现,包含了太多理想成分
Evaluación de la fertilización fosfórica foliar y edáfica sobre el rendimiento de la variedad de papa ‘diacol capiro’ (solanum tuberosum l.)
En cuatro localidades se evaluó el efecto de la fertilización fosfórica edáfica y foliar sobre el rendimiento y la gravedad específica en la variedad de papa ‘Diacol Capiro’. La evaluación comprendió 20 tratamientos correspondientes a la combinación de dos factores: P edáfico (0, 100, 200, 300 y 400 kg· ha-1 de P2O5) y P foliar (0, 5, 10 y 15 kg· ha-1 de P2O5), junto con un tratamiento testigo de fertilización comercial. No se encontraron diferencias para la variable gravedad específica en ninguno de los tratamientos evaluados, por lo que se deduce que la variación en los niveles de P no afecta esta variable. En el rendimiento de tubérculo se encontraron diferencias para el factor P edáfico, mientras que no hubo diferencias para el factor P foliar. Dentro del factor P edáfico, en la categoría primera, segunda y rendimiento total de tubérculo se observó que la variedad ‘Diacol Capiro’ presentó respuesta positiva sólo hasta la dosis de 200 kg· ha-1 de P2O5
Application of Life Cycle Assessment in the Environmental Study of Sustainable Ceramic Bricks Made with 'alperujo' (Olive Pomace)
Investigations on the application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to the construction sector have shown that the environmental impact of construction products can be significantly reduced. To achieve this, the use of best available techniques and eco-innovation in production plants must be promoted. In this way, the use of finite natural resources can be replaced by waste generated in other production processes, preferably available locally, stimulating the creation of more sustainable products. Conducting a comparative LCA study between the traditional ceramic brick manufacturing process and the ceramic brick manufacturing process incorporating 'alperujo' (waste generated in the virgin oil extraction process), is an inevitable step to achieve the integration of circularity and eco-innovation in the production system of traditional ceramic materials, through the CML(Centrum voor Milieukunde Leiden) and IPCC(The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) methodology. The obtained results suggest that the environmental benefits in this practice are very limited, even taking into account the contribution of different amounts of this waste to the production of bricks
Study of the synergistic impact of Fe3O4, Na2CO3 and organic C on kaolin-based lightweight aggregates by a DOE (Mixture Experiments) approach
The compositional synergies involved in the thermal formation of lightweight aggregates (LWAs) have been investigated through four pure phases: non-expansive kaolin (K); cork powder (C); sodium carbonate (N) and magnetite-Fe3O4 (M). Mixture Experiments has been applied for formulation, modeling and optimization. LWAs have been manufactured from 36 starting mixtures and the main technological properties have been characterized: bloating index (BI), particle density (ρrd), water absorption (WA24) and crushing strength (S). Maximum BI and WA24 together with minimum density are associated with the addition of a significant amount of iron phase in combination with small proportions of organic carbon (Optimal [BI > 60%]: 56.0% K + 40.2% M + 3.9% C + 0% N), while S increases antagonistically with expansion. Iron reduction by incomplete combustion of C appears to be critical in pore formation and concomitant bloating. N has enhanced the sphericity of the expanded specimens. The contrast between experimental and estimated data has shown that the models have generally performed very well.This research was conducted as a part of the ECO-MET-AL Project, PID2019-109520RB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033, “Can industrial and mining metalliferous wastes produce green lightweight aggregates? Applying the Circular Economy” funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and ERDF funds, framed in the “Ayudas a Proyectos I + D + i en el marco de los Programas Estatales de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnológico del Sistema de I + D + i y de I + D + i orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, Convocatoria 2019”
Can statistical methods optimize complex multicomponent mixtures for sintering ceramic granular materials? A case of success with synthetic aggregates
The relationship between the proportions of multicomponent mixtures with the technological properties of ceramic granular materials (synthetic aggregates) has been studied using statistical methods. The four phases involved in the formulations have been: kaolin (K) as aluminosilicate source; cork powder (C) as organic carbon source; sodium carbonate (N) as flux and pyrite (P) as source of iron and sulfur. The Mixture Experiments - Design of Experiments (ME-DOE) has been the statistical methodology applied from the initial configuration of the 36 starting formulations to the final validation of the models and optimums. After granulation, artificial aggregates have been obtained by sintering in a rotary kiln, and their main technological properties have been determined. Bloating index (BI), particle density (ρrd), water absorption (WA24) and crushing strength (S) were selected as the four key characteristics to be modeled and optimized, using response surface and effect plots to assess the effect of K, C, N and P on such properties. 32 out of 36 starting varieties met the density criteria for lightweight aggregates. In the optimum formulations obtained, the minimum percentage of K was 83 wt%, so that the variations in the percentages of P, C and N were the critical variables for determining the final properties of the aggregate. The contrast between experimental and estimated data has shown that the models fit adequately, indicating that this type of approach may have enormous potential for future research on artificial aggregates and other ceramic materialsThis research was conducted as a part of the ECO-MET-AL Project, PID2019-109520RB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033, “Can industrial and mining metalliferous wastes produce green lightweight aggregates? Applying the Circular Economy” funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and ERDF funds, framed in the “Ayudas a “Proyectos I + D + i" en el marco de los Programas Estatales de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnológico del Sistema de I + D + i y de I + D + i orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, Convocatoria 2019”. Thanks also to the SCAI of the University of Jaén, the University of Castilla-La Mancha and the University of Málaga for their service
Características estructurales del sistema de producción con bovinos doble propósito en el trópico húmedo colombiano Características estruturais do sistema de produção com gado de dupla aptidão no trópico úmido da Colômbia Structural features of dual-purpose cattle production system in the Colombian humid tropic
Objetivo: identificar los principales aspectos biofísicos, tecnológicos, sociales y económicos del sistema de producción con bovinos doble propósito (SPBDP), establecido en condiciones de trópico húmedo en el Piedemonte Llanero colombiano. Métodos: se realizaron encuestas y visitas técnicas a profundidad en catorce explotaciones ganaderas estratégicamente seleccionadas en los Departamentos del Meta y Casanare en Colombia. Resultados: la información obtenida fue procesada mediante análisis multivariado identificando dos factores principales que explicaron el 93.34% de la varianza total del sistema de producción bovina en estudio, los cuales fueron: 1) Capacidad económico-empresarial (CE) y 2) Capacidad tecnológica (CT). Mediante un gráfico bidimensional se observaron cuatro tipos de interacciones de estos dos factores, así: 1) alta CE y CT, 2) alta CE con baja CT, 3) baja CE con alta CT y 4) baja CE y CT. Conclusiones: la alimentación es el aspecto más importante del SPBDP con baja CE, pero con alta CT. Mientras que el manejo de praderas y los aspectos relacionados con la reproducción y la genética son los factores más relevantes del SPBDP con alta CE y alta CT.<br>Objetivo: se faz uma analise dos principais aspectos biofísicos, tecnológicos, sociais e econômicos de sistemas de produção com gado de dupla aptidão (SPGDA) em condições de tropico úmido, para a região da planície oriental da Colômbia conhecida como Piedemonte Llanero. Métodos: foram feitas visitas técnicas detalhadas em catorze fazendas estrategicamente selecionadas localizadas nos departamentos de Meta e Casanare, na Colômbia. As informações obtidas foram processadas mediante a análise multivariada. Resultados: foram identificados dois fatores principais, explicando 93.34% da variância total, os quais são: 1) Capacidade econômico-empresarial (CE); e 2) Capacidade tecnológica (CT). Tal como se descreve a continuação, a gráfica bidimensional revelou quatro tipos de interação entre esses dois fatores: 1) alta CE com alta CT; 2) alta CE com baixa CT; 3) baixa CE com alta CT e 4) baixa CE com baixa CT. Conclusões: a alimentação é o fator mais importante nos SPGDA com uma baixa CE, mas com alta CT. Igualmente, os fatores mais importantes nos SPGDA com alta CE e alta CT são ter um adequado manejo das pastagens, um ótimo programa de reprodução e um bom planejamento de cruzamentos com animais de alto valor genético.<br>Objective: to identify the main biophysical, technological, social, and economic features of dual- purpose cattle system (DPCS) in the low Colombian tropic. Methods: detail surveys were conducted through technical visits to 14 farms at the Piedemonte Llanero region in Meta and Casanare provinces. The information obtained was processed by multi-variance analysis. Results: two main factors accounted for 93.34% of the total variance found in the system: 1) economic-business (EB) capability, and 2) technological capability (TC). A biplot graphic allowed identifying four types of interactions between these factors, as follows: 1) high EB and TC, 2) high EB but low TC, 3) low EB but high TC, and 4) low EB and TC. Conclusions: feeding is the most important constraint for the DPCS having low EB and high TC, while pasture management, genetic, and reproductive variables were the most important factors for the DPCS with high EB and TC
Evaluación de la fertilización fosfórica foliar y edáfica sobre el rendimiento de la variedad de papa ‘Diacol Capiro’ (Solanum tuberosum L.)
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mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: ";Cambria";,";serif";;">En cuatro localidades se evaluó el efecto de la fertilización fosfórica edáfica y foliar sobre el rendimiento y la gravedad específica en la variedad de papa ‘Diacol Capiro’. La evaluación comprendió 20 tratamientos correspondientes a la combinación de dos factores: P edáfico (0, 100, 200, 300 y 400 kg· ha-1 de P2O5) y P foliar (0, 5, 10 y 15 kg· ha-1 de P2O5), junto con un tratamiento testigo de fertilización comercial. No se encontraron diferencias para la variable gravedad específica en ninguno de los tratamientos evaluados, por lo que se deduce que la variación en los niveles de P no afecta esta variable. En el rendimiento de tubérculo se encontraron diferencias para el factor P edáfico, mientras que no hubo diferencias para el factor P foliar. Dentro del<span> </span>factor P edáfico, en la categoría primera, segunda y rendimiento total de tubérculo se observó que la variedad ‘Diacol Capiro’ presentó respuesta positiva sólo hasta la dosis de 200 kg· ha-1 de P2O5.</span></p>