De l'acte didàctic a la teoria del currículum o de l'exercici físic al disseny i desenvolupament curricular de la motricitat

Es tracta de fer palès el diferent origen dels termes Didàctica i Currículum i de com s'ha produït un gradual "acostament" entre tots dos, tot sent dominant el Currículum com a concepte més ampli, al qual per tendència ha anat equiparant-se l'objecte d'estudi de la Didàctica. Aquest procés de canvi i acostament té unes connotacions especials en Educació Física en la qual la didàctica específica transforma el seu tradicional objecte de coneixement constituït per l'acte didàctic versus exercici físic, per allotjar-se en una visió més global i contextual de l'ensenyament de la mo-tricitat. Així mateix, les etapes determinants al voltant de la integració conceptual suposen alguna especialitat en el camp de l'Educació Física la qual cosa constitueix un element digne de ressaltar junt amb l'anàlisi de les causes

La investigación en la enseñanza de la Educación Física

Es parte común de nuestra historia profesional, más o menos amplia, el debate con otros colegas acerca de cómo entendemos la Educación Física, en relación a qué es, cual es su esencia, a qué propósitos sirve, etc., es decir, nos preguntamos por su significado epistemológico y como consecuencia de todo ello también nos interrogamos acerca de cómo realizar su enseñanza, cual debería ser su currículum, cómo establecer los diferentes elementos del mismo. Pero también está en nuestra propia experiencia que en numerosas ocasiones coincidimos en nuestras apreciaciones con unos compañeros, mientras que discrepamos con otros sobre el modo de entender la enseñanza de la Educación Física. Pues bien, este agrupamiento natural que se produce entre aquellas comunidades que tienen una forma común de entender la Educación Física y su enseñanza, es lo que se ha dado en llamar paradigma de investigación

The initial formation of the physical education teacher: a case study of the Albacete’s school of teaching, Spain

O presente artigo relata uma avaliação do currículo2 da formação inicial do professor especialista em Educação Física na Escola de Magistério de Albacete ligada à Universidade de Castilla - La Mancha, composta de: a) avaliação do contexto; b) avaliação de entrada; c) de processo; e d) de produto, aplicada às dimensões ambientais, organizativas, técnicas, rendimento dos alunos, fontes documentais e depoimentos, analisados quantitativa e qualitativamente. Deste trabalho conclui-se que a filosofia educacional proposta pela Reforma Educativa Espanhola não é o principal referencial para a elaboração e desenvolvimento curricular, não resultando na formação inicial de professores inovadora como preconizam os documentos governamentaisThe present article reports the evaluation of the curriculum of the initial preparation of the Physical Education teacher specialist in the Albacete’s School of Teaching - University of Castilla - La Mancha, composed of: a) evaluation of the context; b) entrance evaluation; c) process evaluation; and d) product evaluation, applied to various dimensions: environmental, organisational, technical, student outcomes, documental and report sources, all analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The conclusion of this work is that the educational philosophy proposed by the Spanish Educational Reform is not the main reference for the elaboration and development of the curriculum, and this does not result in an innovative initial teacher formation as is argued by govemament document

Detección de síntomas de dismorfia muscular en halterófilos masculinos.

Muscle dysmorphia (MD) is a body dismorphic disorder in which the sufferer is dissatisfied with their body size and shape.  MD has yet to be studied in weightlifters, and the objective of this research study is to detect its symptoms in 32 male weightlifters as well as any related characteristics and behaviours.  This study involved the distribution of a sociodemographic questionnaire in addition to the Escala de Satisfacción Muscular, the Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire, and the Somatomorphic Matrix, with the anthropometric measurements of the participants also being recorded.  The results revealed the existence of body dissatisfaction among athletes and, in some cases, muscle perception that does not equate to reality.  The athletes also use substances to build their muscles and enhance their performance, display obsessive muscle checking behaviours, and have low general physical self-concept that stems from their muscle (dis)satisfaction.  To conclude, this study confirms the existence of MD in this sport.La Dismorfia Muscular (DM) es un desorden dismórfico corporal en el que la persona que lo padece está insatisfecho con su tamaño corporal, y/o forma.  La DM  no ha sido estudiada en halterófilos, por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación fue detectar síntomas en 32 halterófilos varones, así como características y comportamientos asociados.  Este estudio requirió la cumplimentación de un cuestionario sociodemográfico además de una Escala de Satisfacción Muscular, un Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Físico y el Somatomorpic Matrix, así como el registro de las medidas antropométricas de los participantes. Los resultados revelaron la existencia de insatisfacción muscular entre los deportistas además del uso de sustancias con el objetivo de hacer crecer su musculatura y mejorar su rendimiento, comportamientos obsesivos con el fin de comprobar su musculatura, y bajas puntuaciones en autoconcepto físico como consecuencia de la insatisfacción muscular que sufrían.  Se puede concluir que esta investigación confirma la existencia de DM en esta modalidad deportiva

La dismorfia muscular en diferentes deportes : fútbol, gimnasia, halterofilia, natación y triatlón

La Dismorfia Muscular (DM), es un trastorno dismórfico corporal cuyos afectados se muestran insatisfechos con su tamaño y/o forma corporal. Se ha estudiado en deportistas de diferentes modalidades (Baghurst y Lirgg, 2009), no obstante se consideran insuficientes las investigaciones realizadas, por tanto el objetivo de este trabajo fue detectar síntomas de DM entre 485 deportistas (387 hombres y 98 mujeres). Las modalidades deportivas representadas fueron halterofilia (7.8 %), gimnasia artística (12.8 %), natación (10.9%), fútbol (44.1 %) y triatlón (24.3 %). Este estudio requirió la cumplimentación de un cuestionario sociodemográfico, la Escala de Satisfacción Muscular, el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Físico y el Somatomorphic Matrix, además del registro de las medidas antropométricas de los participantes. Los resultados revelaron la existencia de DM entre los deportistas, además de insatisfacción muscular y relaciones significativas entre los dominios del autoconcepto físico relacionados con ésta (autoconcepto físico general y atractivo físico (r = .73, p < .01), autoconcepto general y condición física (r = .72, p < .01).Muscular Dysmorphia (DM) is a body dysmorphic disorder whose sufferers are dissatisfied with their size and / or body shape. It has been studied in athletes of differents sports (Baghurst and Lirgg, 2009), but researchs is not enough. Therefore, the objective of this work was detected DM symptons among 485 athletes (387 men and 98 women). The sports represented were weightlifting (7.8%), artistic gymnastics (12.8%), swimming (10.9%), football (44.1%) and triathlon (24.3%). This study required the implementation of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Escala de Satisfacción Muscular , the Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire and the Somatomorphic Matrix, in addition to collection the anthropometric measures of the participants. The results revealed the existence of DM symptoms among athletes, as well as muscular dissatisfaction and significant relationships between the domains of physical selfconcept related to this (general physical selfconcept and physical attractiveness (r = .73, p <.01), and general selfconcept with physical condition (r = 0.72, p <0.01).A Dismorfia Muscular (DM) é uma perturbação dismórfica corporal em que os sujeitos se mostram insatisfeitos com o seu tamanho e/ou forma corporal. Embora o número de investigações efetuadas seja escasso, a DM tem sido estudada em desportistas de diferentes modalidades (Baghurst y Lirgg, 2009). Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo é perceber quais os sintomas de DM que os desportistas apresentam. Para o efeito, foram analisados 485 desportistas (387 homens e 98 mulheres), das modalidades de halterofilia (7.8%), ginástica artística (12.8%), natação (10.9%), futebol (44.1%) e triatlo (24.3%). Para a recolha de dados foi utilizada uma bateria de testes composta por dados sociodemográficos, Escala de Satisfação Muscular, Questionário de Autoconceito Físico, e pelo Somatomorphic Matrix, juntamente com o registo das medidas antropométricas dos participantes. Os resultados revelaram a existência de sintomas de DM entre os desportistas, insatisfação muscular e correlações significativas entre os domínios do autoconceito físico relacionados com ela (autoconceito físico geral e atração física (r = .73, p < .01), autoconceito geral e condição física (r = .72, p < .01))

Contribución para el criterio diagnóstico de la Dismorfia Muscular (Vigorexia)

Muscle Dysmorphia or Bigorexia is a mental disorder whose focus of concern is the underestimation of body size and shape as a result of the distortion in body image experienced by those affected. This is a new mental disorder and, therefore, is not yet classified in the manuals for mental disorders. While some authors propose its classification under an Eating Disorder (ED), others argue that it is a Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), or have even been able to justify its classification as an Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Due to the disparity of opinions, this study aims to contribute to classifying Muscle Dysmorphia, as a mental disorder, by the decision tree classification technique of data mining. The items that take on increasing importance within this classification method are the ones related to body size and shape that participants have, perceive and desire. The results inform us that the most important variables are related to a BDD. This is the reason why we contribute to classifying Muscle Dysmorphia through the diagnostic criteria of BDD

Effects of an experimental program to improve the motivation in physical education of spanish students

The aim was to analyze the impact of an intervention program of physical education (PE) for improvement the motivation among secondary students in Spain. Using the Achievement Goals Theory as a guide framework, two groups were used for the survey: the experimental group (n=86), which received 16 lessons of PE based in a mastery climate, and the control group (n=83), which received a traditional PE lessons. A program was design following the recommendations of Ames (1992) with the aim of improvement the task orientation and the perception of a mastery climate in PE. Using the 2x2 Achievement Goals in PE Questionnaire and the Learning and Performance Orientations in PE Classes Questionnaire, pre- and post-intervention measures of achievement goals and perception of the climate were measured in both groups. In the experimental group, the statistics analysis showed a significant decrease of the perception of performance climate. The results suggest that the mastery climate in PE can help to promote adaptative motivational profiles of the students

Effects of an experimental program to improve the motivation in physical education of spanish students

The aim was to analyze the impact of an intervention program of physical education (PE) for improvement the motivation among secondary students in Spain. Using the Achievement Goals Theory as a guide framework, two groups were used for the survey: the experimental group (n=86), which received 16 lessons of PE based in a mastery climate, and the control group (n=83), which received a traditional PE lessons. A program was design following the recommendations of Ames (1992) with the aim of improvement the task orientation and the perception of a mastery climate in PE. Using the 2x2 Achievement Goals in PE Questionnaire and the Learning and Performance Orientations in PE Classes Questionnaire, pre- and post-intervention measures of achievement goals and perception of the climate were measured in both groups. In the experimental group, the statistics analysis showed a significant decrease of the perception of performance climate. The results suggest that the mastery climate in PE can help to promote adaptative motivational profiles of the students