Variación de las características mecánicas de armaduras de alta ductilidad B500SD en función de su grado de corrosión / Mechanical properties variation of B500SD high ductility reinforcement regarding its corrosion degree

Los efectos de la corrosión sobre las armaduras se manifiestan por la pérdida de sección y la variación de las propiedades mecánicas relacionadas con la ductilidad. En este trabajo se han ensayado a tracción 96 barras de acero B500SD que previamente se han sometido a niveles variables de corrosión. Los resultados muestran que los alargamientos de las barras disminuyen y el cociente entre la tensión máxima y el límite elástico aumenta conforme el nivel de corrosión avanza. A partir del estudio del efecto de entalla y de la distinta constitución metalográfica del acero a nivel de sección debido a su procedimiento de fabricación se pueden explicar los fenómenos anteriores

Anisakis infection in allis shad, Alosa alosa (Linnaeus, 1758), and twaite shad, Alosa fallax (Lacépède, 1803), from Western Iberian Peninsula Rivers : zoonotic and ecological implications

Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank M. N. Cueto and J.M. Antonio (ECOBIOMAR) for their excellent technical support and also Rodrigo López for making the map of the study area. We also thank the personal of the Vigo IEO, for providing information about shad captures at sea collected on the basis of national program (AMDES) included in the European Data Collection Framework (DCF) project. We are also grateful to Comandancia Naval de Tui for providing fishing data. M. Bao is supported by a PhD grant from the University of Aberdeen and also by financial support of the contract from the EU Project PARASITE (grant number 312068). This study was partially supported by a PhD grant from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) SFRH/BD/44892/2008) and partially supported by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE—Operational Competitiveness Programme and national funds through Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the project BPEst-C/MAR/ LA0015/2013. The authors thank the staff of the Station of Hydrobiology of the USC BEncoro do Con^ due their participation in the surveys. This work has been partially supported by the project 10PXIB2111059PR of the Xunta de Galicia and the project MIGRANET of the Interreg IV BSUDOE (South-West Europe) Territorial Cooperation Programme (SOE2/P2/E288). D.J. Nachón is supported by a PhD grant from the Xunta de Galicia (PRE/2011/198)Peer reviewedPostprin

Analysis of an aggregate loss model in a Markov renewal regime

In this article we consider an aggregate loss model with dependent losses. The losses occurrence process is governed by a two-state Markovian arrival process (MAP2), a Markov renewal process process that allows for (1) correlated inter-losses times, (2) non-exponentially distributed inter-losses times and, (3) overdisperse losses counts. Some quantities of interest to measure persistence in the loss occurrence process are obtained. Given a real operational risk database, the aggregate loss model is estimated by fitting separately the inter-losses times and severities. The MAP2 is estimated via direct maximization of the likelihood function, and severities are modeled by the heavy-tailed, double-Pareto Lognormal distribution. In comparison with the fit provided by the Poisson process, the results point out that taking into account the dependence and overdispersion in the inter-losses times distribution leads to higher capital charges

Fitting procedure for the two-state Batch Markov modulated Poisson process

The Batch Markov Modulated Poisson Process (BMMPP) is a subclass of the versatile Batch Markovian Arrival process (BMAP) which has been proposed for the modeling of dependent events occurring in batches (as group arrivals, failures or risk events). This paper focuses on exploring the possibilities of the BMMPP for the modeling of real phenomena involving point processes with group arrivals. The first result in this sense is the characterization of the two-state BMMPP with maximum batch size equal to K, the BMMPP2(K), by a set of moments related to the inter-event time and batch size distributions. This characterization leads to a sequential fitting approach via a moments matching method. The performance of the novel fitting approach is illustrated on both simulated and a real teletraffic data set, and compared to that of the EM algorithm. In addition, as an extension of the inference approach, the queue length distributions at departures in the queueing system BMMPP/M/1 is also estimated

Fitting procedure for the two-state Batch Markov modulated Poisson process

The Batch Markov Modulated Poisson Process (BMMPP) is a subclass of the versatile Batch Markovian Arrival process (BMAP) which has been proposed for the modeling of dependent events occurring in batches (as group arrivals, failures or risk events). This paper focuses on exploring the possibilities of the \bmmpp for the modeling of real phenomena involving point processes with group arrivals. The first result in this sense is the characterization of the two-state BMMPP with maximum batch size equal to K, the BMMPP2(K), by a set of moments related to the inter-event time and batch size distributions. This characterization leads to a sequential fitting approach via a moments matching method. The performance of the novel fitting approach is illustrated on both simulated and a real teletraffic data set, and compared to that of the EM algorithm. In addition, as an extension of the inference approach, the queue length distributions at departures in the queueing system BMMPP/M/1 is also estimated

Phonological Translation in Bilingual and Monolingual Children

Bilingual children face a variety of challenges that their monolingual peers do not. For instance, switching between languages requires the phonological translation of proper names, a skill that requires mapping the phonemic units of one language onto the phonemic units of the other. Proficiency of phonological awareness has been linked to reading success, but little information is available about phonological awareness across multiple phonologies. Furthermore, the relationship between this kind of phonological awareness and reading has never been addressed. The current study investigated phonological translation using a task designed to measure children\u27s ability to map one phonological system onto another. A total of 425 kindergarten and second grade monolingual and bilingual students were evaluated. The results suggest that monolinguals generally performed poorly. Bilinguals translated real names more accurately than fictitious names, in both directions. Correlations between phonological translation and measures of reading ability were moderate, but reliable. Phonological translation is proposed as a tool with which to evaluate phonological awareness through the perspective of children who live with two languages and two attendant phonemic systems

Evaluación del comportamiento estructural y de resistencia a la corrosión de armaduras de acero inoxidable austenítico AISI 304 y dúplex AISI 2304 embebidas en morteros de cemento Portland

Se ha evaluado el comportamiento mecánico y estructural de dos aceros inoxidables corrugados, el austenítico EN 1.4301 (AISI 304) y el dúplex EN 1.4362 (AISI 2304), y se han comparado con el tradicional acero al carbono B500SD. El estudio se ha realizado en tres niveles: a nivel de barra, de sección y de pieza. Las diferentes características mecánicas de los aceros inoxidables condicionan el comportamiento a nivel de sección y de pieza estructural. El estudio del comportamiento frente a la corrosión de los dos aceros inoxidables se ha realizado mediante mediciones electroquímicas monitorizando el potencial de corrosión y la resistencia de polarización de armaduras embebidas en probetas de mortero contaminado con diferentes concentraciones de cloruros durante un tiempo de exposición de un año. Ambos aceros inoxidables permanecen en estado pasivo en las probetas para todos los contenidos de cloruros

Probing the Solar Atmosphere Using Oscillations of Infrared CO Spectral Lines

Oscillations were observed across the whole solar disk using the Doppler shift and line depth of spectral lines from the CO molecule near 4666~nm with the National Solar Observatory's McMath/Pierce solar telescope. Power, coherence, and phase spectra were examined, and diagnostic diagrams reveal power ridges at the solar global mode frequencies to show that these oscillations are solar p-modes. The phase was used to determine the height of formation of the CO lines by comparison with the IR continuum intensity phase shifts as measured in Kopp et al., 1992; we find the CO line formation height varies from 425 < z < 560 km as we move from disk center towards the solar limb 1.0 > mu > 0.5. The velocity power spectra show that while the sum of the background and p-mode power increases with height in the solar atmosphere as seen in previous work, the power in the p-modes only (background subtracted) decreases with height, consistent with evanescent waves. The CO line depth weakens in regions of stronger magnetic fields, as does the p-mode oscillation power. Across most of the solar surface the phase shift is larger than the expected value of 90 degrees for an adiabatic atmosphere. We fit the phase spectra at different disk positions with a simple atmospheric model to determine that the acoustic cutoff frequency is about 4.5 mHz with only small variations, but that the thermal relaxation frequency drops significantly from 2.7 to 0 mHz at these heights in the solar atmosphere

Fluxtube model atmospheres and Stokes V zero-crossing wavelengths

First results of the inversion of Stokes I and V profiles from plage regions near disk center are presented. Both low and high spatial resolution spectra of FeI 6301.5 and FeI 6302.5 A obtained with the Advanced Stokes Polarimeter (ASP) have been considered for analysis. The thin flux tube approximation, implemented in an LTE inversion code based on response functions, is used to describe unresolved magnetic elements. The code allows the simultaneous and consistent inference of all atmospheric quantities determining the radiative transfer with the sole assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium. By considering velocity gradients within the tubes we are able to match the full ASP Stokes profiles. The magnetic atmospheres derived from the inversion are characterized by the absence of significant motions in high layers and strong velocity gradients in deeper layers. These are essential to reproduce the asymmetries of the observed profiles. Our scenario predicts a shift of the Stokes V zero-crossing wavelengths which is indeed present in observations made with the Fourier Transform Spectrometer.Comment: To appear in ApJ Letters (1997) (in press

A bibliometric analysis of the first twenty years of soft computing

© 2018, Springer International Publishing AG. Soft Computing was launched in 1997. Today, the journal is becoming twenty years old. Motivated by this anniversary, this article develops a bibliometric analysis of the journal in order to identify the leading trends of the journal in terms of publications and citations. The work considers several issues including the leading authors, institutions and countries. The study also uses a software to develop a graphical analysis. The results show a significant increase of the journal during the last years that has consolidated the journal as a leading one in the field