58 research outputs found
Complex Investigations of Double Layer of Colloid Particles. Electric Conductivity of Suspensions and Anisotropy of Electrophoresis
Conditions for obtaining quantitative .ililformation on the double
layer of colloid particles on the basis of electrosurface measurements
have been analyzed. A rigorous theory of electric conductivdty
of diluted suspensions on the basis of induced dilpole
moments of particles has been presented.
The .isoconductance point of a suspension has been shown to
codncide wd.th the isopolarisation state of a particle. A theory of
anisotropy of the electrophoresis of long rod-like particles has been
put forward. The identity of the formules of electrophoresis of a
sphere and of cylindrical particles oriented pevpendicular towards
the field at a small thickness of the double layer has been shown.
A good agreement has been found between the values of induced
dipole moments and, specific surface conductivity in a wide electrolite
concentration range measured by the methods of electric
conductivity of suspensions and anisotropy of electrophoresis. The
theories of induced dipole moment, electric conductivity of suspension
and anisotropy of electrophoresis have been experimentally
examined
Additional file 2: of Maternal omega-3 fatty acids regulate offspring obesity through persistent modulation of gut microbiota
Supplementary Data. (XLSX 75.6 kb
Retention of microbiota diversity by lactose-free milk in a mouse model of elderly gut microbiota.
Prebiotics may improve ageing-related dysbiosis. Milk is a source of nutrients including oligosaccharides whose prebiotic potential remains largely unexplored. We used a murine model to explore the effect of milk products on high diversity and lower diversity faecal microbiota from healthy and frail elderly subjects, respectively. Mice were treated with antibiotics and subsequently "humanised" with human faecal microbiota. The mice received lactose-free or whole milk, glycomacropeptide, or soy protein (control) supplemented diets for one month. The faecal microbiota was analysed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Lactose-free milk diet was as efficient as the control diet in retaining faecal microbiota diversity in mice. Both milk diets had a significant effect on the relative abundance of health-relevant taxa (e.g. Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae). The glycomacropeptide prebiotic activity previously observed in vitro was not replicated in vivo. However, these data indicate the novel prebiotic potential of bovine milk for human nutrition
Undercooling and rapid solidification of Cu84Co16 alloys under a static magnetic field
Bulk samples of Cu84Co16 composition were undercooled and rapidly solidified using the electromagnetic levitation technique under a static magnetic field of 2 T. A droplet-shaped microstructure was frozen in due to metastable phase separation in the undercooled liquid. A singular droplet size distribution was determined for the minority Co-rich phase, which differed from a bimodal one observed in the samples levitated without the static magnetic field. Such an effect of the magnetic field was found to be similar to that of reduced gravity of parabolic flights
Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 Alleviates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats via Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Repairing the Intestinal Barrier Damage
This study focused on the effects of Bifidobacterium
breve CCFM1078 on the intestinal barrier and systemic
inflammation of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. Female rats
were divided into three groups with daily intragastric administration
of either saline (control group and model group) or B. breve CCFM1078 (CCFM1078 group, 3 Ă 109cfu/rat per day) for 5 weeks. In the Model and CCFM1078 groups,
arthritis was induced by subcutaneous collagen injection. We found
that B. breve CCFM1078 can repair the
intestinal barrier, reduce LPS translocation, regulate gut microbiota
composition, and increase short-chain fatty acids in the intestine.
Then, it can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines release, adjust immune
dysfunction, and inhibit TLR4-MyD88-dependent pathways and downstream
inflammatory pathways to alleviate joint inflammation in CIA rats.
These findings suggest that B. breve CCFM1078 may alleviate joint inflammation by adjusting the profile
of gut microbiota and enhancing the intestinal barrier
Tryptophan metabolic profile in term and preterm breast milk: implications for health
Breast milk is the only source of the essential amino acid tryptophan (TRP) in breast-fed infants. Low levels of TRP could have implications for infant
neurodevelopment. The objectives of the present study were to compare the relationship of TRP and its neuroactive pathway metabolites kynurenine (Kyn)
and kynurenic acid (KynA) in preterm and term expressed breast milk (EBM) in the first 14 d following birth, and the relationship of TRP metabolism to
maternal stress and immune status. A total of twenty-four mothers were recruited from Cork University Maternity Hospital: twelve term (>38 weeks) and
twelve preterm (<35 weeks). EBM samples were collected on days 7 and 14. Free TRP, Kyn and KynA were measured using HPLC, total TRP using MS,
cytokines using the Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) assay system, and cortisol using a cortisol ELISA kit. Although total TRP was higher in preterm EBM in
comparison with term EBM (P < 0·05), free TRP levels were lower (P < 0·05). Kyn, KynA and the Kyn:TRP ratio increased significantly in term EBM
from day 7 to day 14 (P < 0·05), but not in preterm EBM. TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were higher in day 7 preterm and term EBM in comparison with day 14.
There were no significant differences between term and preterm EBM cortisol levels. Increased availability of total TRP, lower levels of free TRP and
alterations in the temporal dynamics of TRP metabolism in preterm compared with term EBM, coupled with higher EBM inflammatory markers on
day 7, may have implications for the neurological development of exclusively breast-fed preterm infants
Additional file 6: Figure S4. of Effect of room temperature transport vials on DNA quality and phylogenetic composition of faecal microbiota of elderly adults and infants
Microbiota composition of each sample of four subjects after all conditions of storage. Lâ=âFresh extraction 0.2 g stool; Mâ=âFresh extraction 0.1 g stool; Nâ=âstorage for 1 week in DNA Genotek storage vial and extracted with 4 % SDS RBB lysis buffer; Oâ=âstorage for 1 week in DNA Genotek storage vial and extracted with 6 % SDS RBB lysis buffer; Pâ=âstorage in regular stool collection tube at 4 °C for 1 week; Qâ=âstorage for 2 weeks in DNA Genotek storage vial and extracted with 4 % SDS RBB lysis buffer; Râ=âstorage for 2 weeks in DNA Genotek storage vial and extracted with 6 % SDS RBB lysis buffer; Sâ=âFrozen atâ80 °C for a week prior to extraction; Tâ=â0.2 g of stool fixed overnight in 700 Όl of RNAlater before freezing atâ80 °C for a week. (PDF 54 kb
Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Effect of room temperature transport vials on DNA quality and phylogenetic composition of faecal microbiota of elderly adults and infants
Microbiota composition of each sample for every infant subject in the study. Aâ=âFresh, Bâ=â1Â weekâs storage, Câ=â2Â weeksâ storage. Numbers indicate subject IDs. (PDF 120Â kb
Additional file 8: Table S3. of Effect of room temperature transport vials on DNA quality and phylogenetic composition of faecal microbiota of elderly adults and infants
Primers and barcode sequences used in the study. (XLSX 13ĂÂ kb
Relative abundances of bacterial phyla in BF-IAP, BF-C, MF-IAP and MF-C faecal samples.
<p>Relative abundances of bacterial phyla in BF-IAP, BF-C, MF-IAP and MF-C faecal samples.</p
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