ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO EN LA PREDICCIÓN DEL VOLUMEN DE CONTAMINACIÓN GENERADO EN EL TRANSPORTE DE LOTES SUCESIVOS DE HIDROCARBUROS A TRAVÉS DE POLIDUCTOS

ResumenEl presente trabajo tiene como propósito predecir a diferentes concentraciones admisibles, el volumen de mezclado que se genera en el transporte de lotes sucesivos de los destilados gasolina y diesel a través de poliductos. Esto se realiza mediante la implementación de un modelo matemático reportado en la literatura, cuya solución consiste en el planteamiento de una metodología de cálculo basada en el desarrollo de un algoritmo numérico soportado en el software MATLAB y la introducción de un parámetro conocido como coeficiente de dispersión axial; el cual, dentro de las múltiples posibilidades existentes para su determinación, se encontró que la ecuación empírica propuesta por Sjenitzer, conlleva a un mejor ajuste con los datos experimentales. Obteniéndose de esta manera, las expresiones matemáticas que permiten estimar el tiempo de corte en función de la concentración admisible, generando así un significativo aporte en el establecimiento de los principios necesarios para realizar una posterior automatización del proceso de separación y respectivo almacenamiento de los fluidos que constituyen el sistema en cuestión. Finalmente, con la realización de un análisis estadístico se demostró que un cambio en el diámetro de la tubería, dado por un predominio de las fuerzas inerciales sobre las fuerzas viscosas en el número de Reynolds, ejerce un mayor efecto sobre el volumen de contaminación, en comparación con una variación en la longitud del poliducto y el caudal de flujo.Palabras Clave: modelo matemático, coeficiente de dispersión axial, tiempo de corte, concentración admisible  AbstractThe purpose of this article is to determinate the mixing volumes in batching transfer of distilled fuel and diesel at different admissible concentrations trough multiproduct pipelines. The methodology employed to realize this work consists on both of an own numerical algorithm, which has been supported on MATLAB, and the introduction of a parameter called axial dispersion coefficient. In order to obtain a better coincidence between experimental data by using this methodology, we employed the empirical equation of Sjenitzer to determine the axial dispersion coefficient. This step allowed finding two mathematical expressions which allow obtain a relation between cut’s times and the admissible concentrations; thus generating, a significant contribution to the necessary foundations to automatize the separation process and storage subsequent of the fluids which are part of the system in study. Finally, a change in the pipeline diameter given by a predominance of inertial forces over viscous forces in the Reynolds number, produces a higher effect over the contaminated volume in contrast with a pipeline length change or a flow change. These facts were demonstrated with a statistical analysis.Keywords: mathematical model, axial dispersion coefficient, cut’s times, admissible concentration

ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO EN LA PREDICCIÓN DEL VOLUMEN DE CONTAMINACIÓN GENERADO EN EL TRANSPORTE DE LOTES SUCESIVOS DE HIDROCARBUROS A TRAVÉS DE POLIDUCTOS

ResumenEl presente trabajo tiene como propósito predecir a diferentes concentraciones admisibles, el volumen de mezclado que se genera en el transporte de lotes sucesivos de los destilados gasolina y diesel a través de poliductos. Esto se realiza mediante la implementación de un modelo matemático reportado en la literatura, cuya solución consiste en el planteamiento de una metodología de cálculo basada en el desarrollo de un algoritmo numérico soportado en el software MATLAB y la introducción de un parámetro conocido como coeficiente de dispersión axial; el cual, dentro de las múltiples posibilidades existentes para su determinación, se encontró que la ecuación empírica propuesta por Sjenitzer, conlleva a un mejor ajuste con los datos experimentales. Obteniéndose de esta manera, las expresiones matemáticas que permiten estimar el tiempo de corte en función de la concentración admisible, generando así un significativo aporte en el establecimiento de los principios necesarios para realizar una posterior automatización del proceso de separación y respectivo almacenamiento de los fluidos que constituyen el sistema en cuestión. Finalmente, con la realización de un análisis estadístico se demostró que un cambio en el diámetro de la tubería, dado por un predominio de las fuerzas inerciales sobre las fuerzas viscosas en el número de Reynolds, ejerce un mayor efecto sobre el volumen de contaminación, en comparación con una variación en la longitud del poliducto y el caudal de flujo.Palabras Clave: modelo matemático, coeficiente de dispersión axial, tiempo de corte, concentración admisible  AbstractThe purpose of this article is to determinate the mixing volumes in batching transfer of distilled fuel and diesel at different admissible concentrations trough multiproduct pipelines. The methodology employed to realize this work consists on both of an own numerical algorithm, which has been supported on MATLAB, and the introduction of a parameter called axial dispersion coefficient. In order to obtain a better coincidence between experimental data by using this methodology, we employed the empirical equation of Sjenitzer to determine the axial dispersion coefficient. This step allowed finding two mathematical expressions which allow obtain a relation between cut’s times and the admissible concentrations; thus generating, a significant contribution to the necessary foundations to automatize the separation process and storage subsequent of the fluids which are part of the system in study. Finally, a change in the pipeline diameter given by a predominance of inertial forces over viscous forces in the Reynolds number, produces a higher effect over the contaminated volume in contrast with a pipeline length change or a flow change. These facts were demonstrated with a statistical analysis.Keywords: mathematical model, axial dispersion coefficient, cut’s times, admissible concentration

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality

Colombian consensus recommendations for diagnosis, management and treatment of the infection by SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 in health care facilities - Recommendations from expert´s group based and informed on evidence

La Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN) y el Instituto de Evaluación de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Salud (IETS) conformó un grupo de trabajo para desarrollar recomendaciones informadas y basadas en evidencia, por consenso de expertos para la atención, diagnóstico y manejo de casos de Covid 19. Estas guías son dirigidas al personal de salud y buscar dar recomendaciones en los ámbitos de la atención en salud de los casos de Covid-19, en el contexto nacional de Colombia

La renovación de la palabra en el bicentenario de la Argentina : los colores de la mirada lingüística

El libro reúne trabajos en los que se exponen resultados de investigaciones presentadas por investigadores de Argentina, Chile, Brasil, España, Italia y Alemania en el XII Congreso de la Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística (SAL), Bicentenario: la renovación de la palabra, realizado en Mendoza, Argentina, entre el 6 y el 9 de abril de 2010. Las temáticas abordadas en los 167 capítulos muestran las grandes líneas de investigación que se desarrollan fundamentalmente en nuestro país, pero también en los otros países mencionados arriba, y señalan además las áreas que recién se inician, con poca tradición en nuestro país y que deberían fomentarse. Los trabajos aquí publicados se enmarcan dentro de las siguientes disciplinas y/o campos de investigación: Fonología, Sintaxis, Semántica y Pragmática, Lingüística Cognitiva, Análisis del Discurso, Psicolingüística, Adquisición de la Lengua, Sociolingüística y Dialectología, Didáctica de la lengua, Lingüística Aplicada, Lingüística Computacional, Historia de la Lengua y la Lingüística, Lenguas Aborígenes, Filosofía del Lenguaje, Lexicología y Terminología

Levitación magnética en fluidos de alta viscosidad y densidad

Este artículo describe el diseño de un sistema prototipo de levitador magnético que opera sumergido en un aceite dieléctrico de viscosidad y densidad sustancialmente superior a la del aire. Se implementó un compensador de atraso de fase en cascada con la planta con el fin de posicionar un cascaron esférico metálico en un punto en particular dentro del aceite. Se analizó el comportamiento del sistema al variar la viscosidad mediante la variación de la temperatura del fluido, observándose que a medida que su viscosidad disminuye con el aumento de temperatura, el sistema se torna inestable, mientras que para el caso del incremento de su viscosidad, el tiempo de respuesta se torna muy grande y el sistema responde lentamente. El sistema se simuló obteniéndose resultados que concuerdan estrechamente con los resultados del prototipo experimental que sirvió para validar el diseño

XVII International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Advanced Science, Technology and Innovation to move towards a new socio-technical system: Sustainable Social Transformation"

Contenido: Approach to the diagnostic of cesarean birth using bio-inspired models. ; Design of a tool in a virtual reality environment to manipulate anatomical models. ; The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on the electricity price forecasting models. ; Depression prevention through artificial intelligence. ; State of the art in Prototypes as complements to the learning of the Colombian Sign Language (LSC). ; A computational proposal for gene expression deterministic analysis in associated disorders to depression and anxiety. ; Evaluation of postural stability from the predictability of the measurement of the center of pressure. ; Psychophysiological Analysis of Sound Stimuli.; Delphi method for the identification of relevant variables in the development of low-power photovoltaic solar projects. ; Socioeconomic impact of a refrigerator powered by a photovoltaic system in La Guajira. ; Energy Efficiency: characteristics that allow the reduction of greenhouse gases in. ; Possibilities for the implementation of a bioreactor from organic waste. ; Energy Potential with Small Hydroelectric Power Plants in Non- interconnected Zones of Colombia. ; Energy Potential in Photovoltaic Solar Solutions in Non-Interconnected Areas of Colombia. ; Photovoltaic system, towards the energy transition from home. ; Blockchain model to increase the transparency of public sector processes. ; Intelligent agricultural irrigation prescription system based on sensor networks and crop modeling. ; Design and implementation of a digital modulation classification system using intelligent algorithms. ; A mobile application proposal to minimize intermediation during agricultural process distribution of products in supply chain. ; Accompanying strategy for the social appropriation of new technologies in vulnerable agricultural communities: case in communities producing Gulupas fruits (Passiflora edulis Sims). ; Predictive model of transparency as an indicator of Public Policies. ; Smart system for recognition of ripening level in blackberry fruits. ; Project-based learning as an alternative methodology for technological education in electronics. ; Design and construction of an automated system for N. ; Four bar mechanisms (FBM) and their Software-Based applications: a reviewFT aquaponic culture of Red Carp and Crespa Lettuce. ; Intelligent search implementation for the construction of states of the art: a python application. ; Indoor and Outdoor propagation models on 5G environments: state of the art. ;The electronic detection of offenders (DOO) in the District Secretary of mobility of Bogotá: a step forward in the configuration of the concept of digital citizenship in Colombia. ; Monitoring through ICT of Mobility: technological collaborative feature to incorporate IoT in a Smart City. ; Characterization model of asphalt mixtures using digital image processing. ; Review: identification of diseases and/or pests in fruit trees through image processing techniques and artificial intelligence. ; VRS applicated to Nasa Yuwe language. ; Application of Pix2Pix for edge reconstruction in images. ; Brushless DC Motor Control System for Active Myoelectric Prosthesis. ; Implementation of a Water Conductivity Measuring System. ; 2 DOF robot programmed with MatLab® (guide and Peter Corke) and Arduino uno for writing alphabetical characters. ; Simulator of the behavior of the center of mass in a quadruped robot. ; Biomimetic prototype for flapping movement of batsContent: Contenido: Approach to the diagnostic of cesarean birth using bio-inspired models. ; Design of a tool in a virtual reality environment to manipulate anatomical models. ; The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on the electricity price forecasting models. ; Depression prevention through artificial intelligence. ; State of the art in Prototypes as complements to the learning of the Colombian Sign Language (LSC). ; A computational proposal for gene expression deterministic analysis in associated disorders to depression and anxiety. ; Evaluation of postural stability from the predictability of the measurement of the center of pressure. ; Psychophysiological Analysis of Sound Stimuli.; Delphi method for the identification of relevant variables in the development of low-power photovoltaic solar projects. ; Socioeconomic impact of a refrigerator powered by a photovoltaic system in La Guajira. ; Energy Efficiency: characteristics that allow the reduction of greenhouse gases in. ; Possibilities for the implementation of a bioreactor from organic waste. ; Energy Potential with Small Hydroelectric Power Plants in Non- interconnected Zones of Colombia. ; Energy Potential in Photovoltaic Solar Solutions in Non-Interconnected Areas of Colombia. ; Photovoltaic system, towards the energy transition from home. ; Blockchain model to increase the transparency of public sector processes. ; Intelligent agricultural irrigation prescription system based on sensor networks and crop modeling. ; Design and implementation of a digital modulation classification system using intelligent algorithms. ; A mobile application proposal to minimize intermediation during agricultural process distribution of products in supply chain. ; Accompanying strategy for the social appropriation of new technologies in vulnerable agricultural communities: case in communities producing Gulupas fruits (Passiflora edulis Sims). ; Predictive model of transparency as an indicator of Public Policies. ; Smart system for recognition of ripening level in blackberry fruits. ; Project-based learning as an alternative methodology for technological education in electronics. ; Design and construction of an automated system for N. ; Four bar mechanisms (FBM) and their Software-Based applications: a reviewFT aquaponic culture of Red Carp and Crespa Lettuce. ; Intelligent search implementation for the construction of states of the art: a python application. ; Indoor and Outdoor propagation models on 5G environments: state of the art. ;The electronic detection of offenders (DOO) in the District Secretary of mobility of Bogotá: a step forward in the configuration of the concept of digital citizenship in Colombia. ; Monitoring through ICT of Mobility: technological collaborative feature to incorporate IoT in a Smart City. ; Characterization model of asphalt mixtures using digital image processing. ; Review: identification of diseases and/or pests in fruit trees through image processing techniques and artificial intelligence. ; VRS applicated to Nasa Yuwe language. ; Application of Pix2Pix for edge reconstruction in images. ; Brushless DC Motor Control System for Active Myoelectric Prosthesis. ; Implementation of a Water Conductivity Measuring System. ; 2 DOF robot programmed with MatLab® (guide and Peter Corke) and Arduino uno for writing alphabetical characters. ; Simulator of the behavior of the center of mass in a quadruped robot. ; Biomimetic prototype for flapping movement of bat

Libro de Proyectos Finales 2021 primer semestre

PregradoIngeniero CivilIngeniero de SistemasIngeniero ElectricistaIngeniero ElectrónicoIngeniero IndustrialIngeniero Mecánic

Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

International audienceBackground: Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings: Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0–4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 day), 457 (10·1%) had intermediate weaning (2–6 days), 433 (9·6%) required prolonged weaning (≥7 days), and 706 (15·6%) had weaning failure. Higher sedation scores were independently associated with delayed initiation of weaning. Delayed initiation of weaning and higher sedation scores were independently associated with weaning failure. 1742 (31·8%) of 5479 patients died in the intensive care unit and 2095 (38·3%) of 5465 patients died in hospital. Interpretation: In critically ill patients receiving at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation, only 65% were weaned at 90 days. A better understanding of factors that delay the weaning process, such as delays in weaning initiation or excessive sedation levels, might improve weaning success rates. Funding: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, European Respiratory Society