Níveis de treonina digestível em dietas para fêmeas suínas de alto potencial genético em lactação sob condições de alta temperatura ambiente Digestible threonine levels of high-producing lactating sows maintained under high temperature environment conditions

Foram utilizadas 52 fêmeas suínas em lactação distribuídas em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, composto de quatro níveis de treonina digestível (0,64; 0,67; 0,70 e 0,73%) na dieta e 13 repetições, em que cada unidade experimental foi constituída por uma fêmea. A temperatura do ar no interior das salas foi de 29,7 &plusmn; 2,5ºC. Não houve efeito dos níveis de treonina digestível na dieta sobre o peso das fêmeas ao desmame. As perdas total e percentual de peso das fêmeas durante a lactação reduziram de forma linear com o aumento dos níveis de treonina digestível na dieta. Os níveis de treonina digestível influenciaram a espessura de toucinho (ET) ao desmame e afetaram as variações total e percentual de espessura de toucinho. As composições de gordura e proteína corporal à desmama não foram influenciadas pelos níveis de treonina digestível na dieta. Verificou-se redução linear das mobilizações total e percentual de gordura corporal conforme aumentaram os níveis de treonina digestível na dieta. A mobilização de proteína corporal, a produção de leite e o intervalo desmama-estro não foram influenciados pelos níveis de treonina digestível da dieta. Os níveis de treonina digestível não afetaram os consumos de ração, de lisina e de energia digestível. Contudo, verificou-se aumento linear do consumo de treonina digestível conforme aumentou o nível deste aminoácido na dieta. Os níveis de treonina digestível não influenciaram a eficiência energética das fêmeas e o desempenho dos leitões e das leitegadas. Fêmeas suínas de alto potencial genético em lactação sob condições de temperaturas ambientais elevadas exigem 0,73% de treonina digestível, correspondente ao consumo diário de 32,5 g e à relação treonina digestível:lisina digestível de 73%.<br>Fifty and two lactating sows were allotted to a randomized complete blocks experimental design with four digestible threonine levels (0.64; 0.67; 0.70 and 0.73%) and 13 replications, and each experimental unit was consisted by a female. The temperature inside in the room was of 29.7 &plusmn; 2.5&deg;C. There was no effect of digestible threonine levels in the diet on the weight of the sows at weaning. The total and percentage sow weight losses linearly reduced with the increase of digestible threonine level in the diet during the lactation period. Digestible threonine level in the diets influenced fat thickness (FT) at weaning, and affected the total and percentage variation of FT. The compositions of fat and corporal protein at weaning were not influenced by digestible threonine levels in the diet. A linear reduction for total and percentage of corporal fat mobilizations was observed as digestible threonine levels increased in the diet. The mobilization of corporal protein, milk production and the interval weaning time-estrus were not influenced by digestible threonine levels in the diet. Digestible threonine leveld in the diet had no effect on intake of diet, of lysine and of digestible energy. However, a linear increase was observed for the intake of digestible threonine as the levels of it increased in the diet. Digestible threonine levels in the diet had not influenced the energy efficiency of the females, the performance of the piglets and the litters. High-producing lactating sows under high temperature environmental conditions require 0.73% of digestible threonine, corresponding to a daily intake of 32.5g and the digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratio of 73%

Do target and non-target ethnic group adolescents process advertisements differently?

Research on ethnic advertisements has identified attitudinal differences between target and non-target groups. However, investigators have largely failed to explain the reasons behind these differences. Accordingly, this study examines the process by which target and non-target group adolescents build attitudes towards ethnically focused advertisements. The Elaboration Likelihood Model and Dual Mediation Hypothesis models are used as theoretical and operational frameworks. This study uses a modified DMH model that incorporates ethnic identity strength and self-reference as important antecedents of ad attitude and ad cognition in the context of ethnic advertising. The data are analysed with the help of structural equation modelling procedures. The results suggest that non-target ethnic group adolescents generally process advertisements in a peripheral manner, whereas target ethnic group adolescents tend to engage in both central and peripheral processing. More importantly, for both majority and minority groups, the strength of subjects’ ethnic identity and self-reference impact their response to ethnic advertisements when the advertisement is compatible with their ethnic background

DESI 2024 IV: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest

International audienceWe present the measurement of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) from the Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) forest of high-redshift quasars with the first-year dataset of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Our analysis uses over $420\,000$ Ly$\alpha$ forest spectra and their correlation with the spatial distribution of more than $700\,000$ quasars. An essential facet of this work is the development of a new analysis methodology on a blinded dataset. We conducted rigorous tests using synthetic data to ensure the reliability of our methodology and findings before unblinding. Additionally, we conducted multiple data splits to assess the consistency of the results and scrutinized various analysis approaches to confirm their robustness. For a given value of the sound horizon ($r_d$), we measure the expansion at $z_{\rm eff}=2.33$ with 2% precision, $H(z_{\rm eff}) = (239.2 \pm 4.8) (147.09~{\rm Mpc} /r_d)$ km/s/Mpc. Similarly, we present a 2.4% measurement of the transverse comoving distance to the same redshift, $D_M(z_{\rm eff}) = (5.84 \pm 0.14) (r_d/147.09~{\rm Mpc})$ Gpc. Together with other DESI BAO measurements at lower redshifts, these results are used in a companion paper to constrain cosmological parameters

DESI 2024 IV: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest

International audienceWe present the measurement of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) from the Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) forest of high-redshift quasars with the first-year dataset of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Our analysis uses over $420\,000$ Ly$\alpha$ forest spectra and their correlation with the spatial distribution of more than $700\,000$ quasars. An essential facet of this work is the development of a new analysis methodology on a blinded dataset. We conducted rigorous tests using synthetic data to ensure the reliability of our methodology and findings before unblinding. Additionally, we conducted multiple data splits to assess the consistency of the results and scrutinized various analysis approaches to confirm their robustness. For a given value of the sound horizon ($r_d$), we measure the expansion at $z_{\rm eff}=2.33$ with 2% precision, $H(z_{\rm eff}) = (239.2 \pm 4.8) (147.09~{\rm Mpc} /r_d)$ km/s/Mpc. Similarly, we present a 2.4% measurement of the transverse comoving distance to the same redshift, $D_M(z_{\rm eff}) = (5.84 \pm 0.14) (r_d/147.09~{\rm Mpc})$ Gpc. Together with other DESI BAO measurements at lower redshifts, these results are used in a companion paper to constrain cosmological parameters

DESI 2024 III: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Galaxies and Quasars

International audienceWe present the DESI 2024 galaxy and quasar baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) measurements using over 5.7 million unique galaxy and quasar redshifts in the range 0.1<z<2.1. Divided by tracer type, we utilize 300,017 galaxies from the magnitude-limited Bright Galaxy Survey with 0.1<z<0.4, 2,138,600 Luminous Red Galaxies with 0.4<z<1.1, 2,432,022 Emission Line Galaxies with 0.8<z<1.6, and 856,652 quasars with 0.8<z<2.1, over a ~7,500 square degree footprint. The analysis was blinded at the catalog-level to avoid confirmation bias. All fiducial choices of the BAO fitting and reconstruction methodology, as well as the size of the systematic errors, were determined on the basis of the tests with mock catalogs and the blinded data catalogs. We present several improvements to the BAO analysis pipeline, including enhancing the BAO fitting and reconstruction methods in a more physically-motivated direction, and also present results using combinations of tracers. We present a re-analysis of SDSS BOSS and eBOSS results applying the improved DESI methodology and find scatter consistent with the level of the quoted SDSS theoretical systematic uncertainties. With the total effective survey volume of ~ 18 Gpc$^3$, the combined precision of the BAO measurements across the six different redshift bins is ~0.52%, marking a 1.2-fold improvement over the previous state-of-the-art results using only first-year data. We detect the BAO in all of these six redshift bins. The highest significance of BAO detection is $9.1\sigma$ at the effective redshift of 0.93, with a constraint of 0.86% placed on the BAO scale. We find our measurements are systematically larger than the prediction of Planck-2018 LCDM model at z<0.8. We translate the results into transverse comoving distance and radial Hubble distance measurements, which are used to constrain cosmological models in our companion paper [abridged]

DESI 2024 IV: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest

International audienceWe present the measurement of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) from the Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) forest of high-redshift quasars with the first-year dataset of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Our analysis uses over $420\,000$ Ly$\alpha$ forest spectra and their correlation with the spatial distribution of more than $700\,000$ quasars. An essential facet of this work is the development of a new analysis methodology on a blinded dataset. We conducted rigorous tests using synthetic data to ensure the reliability of our methodology and findings before unblinding. Additionally, we conducted multiple data splits to assess the consistency of the results and scrutinized various analysis approaches to confirm their robustness. For a given value of the sound horizon ($r_d$), we measure the expansion at $z_{\rm eff}=2.33$ with 2% precision, $H(z_{\rm eff}) = (239.2 \pm 4.8) (147.09~{\rm Mpc} /r_d)$ km/s/Mpc. Similarly, we present a 2.4% measurement of the transverse comoving distance to the same redshift, $D_M(z_{\rm eff}) = (5.84 \pm 0.14) (r_d/147.09~{\rm Mpc})$ Gpc. Together with other DESI BAO measurements at lower redshifts, these results are used in a companion paper to constrain cosmological parameters

DESI 2024 IV: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest

International audienceWe present the measurement of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) from the Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) forest of high-redshift quasars with the first-year dataset of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Our analysis uses over $420\,000$ Ly$\alpha$ forest spectra and their correlation with the spatial distribution of more than $700\,000$ quasars. An essential facet of this work is the development of a new analysis methodology on a blinded dataset. We conducted rigorous tests using synthetic data to ensure the reliability of our methodology and findings before unblinding. Additionally, we conducted multiple data splits to assess the consistency of the results and scrutinized various analysis approaches to confirm their robustness. For a given value of the sound horizon ($r_d$), we measure the expansion at $z_{\rm eff}=2.33$ with 2% precision, $H(z_{\rm eff}) = (239.2 \pm 4.8) (147.09~{\rm Mpc} /r_d)$ km/s/Mpc. Similarly, we present a 2.4% measurement of the transverse comoving distance to the same redshift, $D_M(z_{\rm eff}) = (5.84 \pm 0.14) (r_d/147.09~{\rm Mpc})$ Gpc. Together with other DESI BAO measurements at lower redshifts, these results are used in a companion paper to constrain cosmological parameters

DESI 2024 VI: Cosmological Constraints from the Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations

International audienceWe present cosmological results from the measurement of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in galaxy, quasar and Lyman-$\alpha$ forest tracers from the first year of observations from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), to be released in the DESI Data Release 1. DESI BAO provide robust measurements of the transverse comoving distance and Hubble rate, or their combination, relative to the sound horizon, in seven redshift bins from over 6 million extragalactic objects in the redshift range $0.1-1$ and $w_a0$ $(\sum m_\nu>0.059)$ eV prior. These neutrino-mass constraints are substantially relaxed in models beyond $\Lambda$CDM. [Abridged.