70 research outputs found
Piste infectieuse et carcinogenèse colique : implication des Escherichia coli associés à la muqueuse
No abstract availableLe cancer colorectal est un des cancers les plus fréquents en France. Les patients présentant une inflammation chronique de l'intestin sont à haut risque de développer un cancer colorectal. Il a récemment été démontré que certaines bactéries de l'espèce Escherichia coli pouvaient être impliquées dans la genèse de maladies inflammatoires intestinales, par des mécanismes d'adhésion et d'invasion aux cellules épithéliales intestinales faisant intervenir le récepteur CEACAM6, marqueur tumoral reconnu dans le cancer colorectal. Nous avons montré que certaines bactéries de l'espèce E. coli colonisaient la muqueuse colique de patients atteints de cancer colorectal et possédaient des propriétésd'adhésion et d'invasion dans les cellules épithéliales intestinales. Ces souches synthétisent des cyclomodulines variées susceptibles de jouer un rôle dans la carcinogenèse colique, et colonisent davantage les tumeurs les plus évoluées. Une corrélation a été observée entre la colonisation de la muqueuse colique par un clone unique de ces E. coli et l'expression du récepteur CEACAM6. Nous avons montré in vitro que certains clones de pouvaient induire l'expression de CEACAM6 par des cellules épithéliales intestinales en culture. Enfin, sur modèle animal transgénique exprimant le récepteur humain CEACAM6, ces mêmes clones ont montré des capacités de colonisation très supérieures à desE. coli non pathogènes, et l'induction d'une surexpression de marqueurs de prolifération au niveau de la muqueuse colique. Les E. coli associés à la muqueuse colique pourraient ainsi participer à la promotion du cancer colorectal via l'induction d'une surexpression du récepteur CEACAM6 et d'une hyperprolifération des cellules épithéliales
Gut microbiota imbalance and colorectal cancer.
International audienceThe gut microbiota acts as a real organ. The symbiotic interactions between resident micro-organisms and the digestive tract highly contribute to maintain the gut homeostasis. However, alterations to the microbiome caused by environmental changes (e.g., infection, diet and/or lifestyle) can disturb this symbiotic relationship and promote disease, such as inflammatory bowel diseases and cancer. Colorectal cancer is a complex association of tumoral cells, non-neoplastic cells and a large amount of micro-organisms, and the involvement of the microbiota in colorectal carcinogenesis is becoming increasingly clear. Indeed, many changes in the bacterial composition of the gut microbiota have been reported in colorectal cancer, suggesting a major role of dysbiosis in colorectal carcinogenesis. Some bacterial species have been identified and suspected to play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis, such as Streptococcus bovis, Helicobacter pylori, Bacteroides fragilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium septicum, Fusobacterium spp. and Escherichia coli. The potential pro-carcinogenic effects of these bacteria are now better understood. In this review, we discuss the possible links between the bacterial microbiota and colorectal carcinogenesis, focusing on dysbiosis and the potential pro-carcinogenic properties of bacteria, such as genotoxicity and other virulence factors, inflammation, host defenses modulation, bacterial-derived metabolism, oxidative stress and anti-oxidative defenses modulation. We lastly describe how bacterial microbiota modifications could represent novel prognosis markers and/or targets for innovative therapeutic strategies
Resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with synchronous distant metastasis: is it worthwhile?
An objective comparison of methods for augmented reality in laparoscopic liver resection by preoperative-to-intraoperative image fusion
Augmented reality for laparoscopic liver resection is a visualisation mode
that allows a surgeon to localise tumours and vessels embedded within the liver
by projecting them on top of a laparoscopic image. Preoperative 3D models
extracted from CT or MRI data are registered to the intraoperative laparoscopic
images during this process. In terms of 3D-2D fusion, most of the algorithms
make use of anatomical landmarks to guide registration. These landmarks include
the liver's inferior ridge, the falciform ligament, and the occluding contours.
They are usually marked by hand in both the laparoscopic image and the 3D
model, which is time-consuming and may contain errors if done by a
non-experienced user. Therefore, there is a need to automate this process so
that augmented reality can be used effectively in the operating room. We
present the Preoperative-to-Intraoperative Laparoscopic Fusion Challenge
(P2ILF), held during the Medical Imaging and Computer Assisted Interventions
(MICCAI 2022) conference, which investigates the possibilities of detecting
these landmarks automatically and using them in registration. The challenge was
divided into two tasks: 1) A 2D and 3D landmark detection task and 2) a 3D-2D
registration task. The teams were provided with training data consisting of 167
laparoscopic images and 9 preoperative 3D models from 9 patients, with the
corresponding 2D and 3D landmark annotations. A total of 6 teams from 4
countries participated, whose proposed methods were evaluated on 16 images and
two preoperative 3D models from two patients. All the teams proposed deep
learning-based methods for the 2D and 3D landmark segmentation tasks and
differentiable rendering-based methods for the registration task. Based on the
experimental outcomes, we propose three key hypotheses that determine current
limitations and future directions for research in this domain.Comment: 24 page
Infectious track and colic carcinogenesis : involvement of Escherichia coli associated with mucosa
Le cancer colorectal est un des cancers les plus fréquents en France. Les patients présentant une inflammation chronique de l'intestin sont à haut risque de développer un cancer colorectal. Il a récemment été démontré que certaines bactéries de l'espèce Escherichia coli pouvaient être impliquées dans la genèse de maladies inflammatoires intestinales, par des mécanismes d'adhésion et d'invasion aux cellules épithéliales intestinales faisant intervenir le récepteur CEACAM6, marqueur tumoral reconnu dans le cancer colorectal. Nous avons montré que certaines bactéries de l'espèce E. coli colonisaient la muqueuse colique de patients atteints de cancer colorectal et possédaient des propriétésd'adhésion et d'invasion dans les cellules épithéliales intestinales. Ces souches synthétisent des cyclomodulines variées susceptibles de jouer un rôle dans la carcinogenèse colique, et colonisent davantage les tumeurs les plus évoluées. Une corrélation a été observée entre la colonisation de la muqueuse colique par un clone unique de ces E. coli et l'expression du récepteur CEACAM6. Nous avons montré in vitro que certains clones de pouvaient induire l'expression de CEACAM6 par des cellules épithéliales intestinales en culture. Enfin, sur modèle animal transgénique exprimant le récepteur humain CEACAM6, ces mêmes clones ont montré des capacités de colonisation très supérieures à desE. coli non pathogènes, et l'induction d'une surexpression de marqueurs de prolifération au niveau de la muqueuse colique. Les E. coli associés à la muqueuse colique pourraient ainsi participer à la promotion du cancer colorectal via l'induction d'une surexpression du récepteur CEACAM6 et d'une hyperprolifération des cellules épithéliales.No abstract availabl
Portal blood pressure and hypoxemia: The 2 main mechanisms of liver regeneration?
International audienc
Preoperative liver registration for augmented monocular laparoscopy using backward–forward biomechanical simulation
International audienc
Using Multiple Images and Contours for Deformable 3D-2D Registration of a Preoperative CT in Laparoscopic Liver Surgery
International audienc
Combining Visual Cues with Interactions for 3D–2D Registration in Liver Laparoscopy
International audienceAugmented Reality (AR) in monocular liver laparoscopy requires one to register a preoperative 3D liver model to a laparoscopy image. This is a difficult problem because the preoperative shape may significantly differ from the unknown intraoperative shape and the liver is only partially visible in the laparoscopy image. Previous approaches are either manual, using a rigid model, or automatic, using visual cues and a biomechanical model. We propose a new approach called the hybrid approach combining the best of both worlds. The visual cues allow us to capture the machine perception while user interaction allows us to take advantage of the surgeon's prior knowledge and spatial understanding of the patient anatomy. The registration accuracy and repeatability were evaluated on phantom, animal ex vivo and patient data respectively. The proposed registration outperforms the state of the art methods both in terms of accuracy and repeatability. An average registration error below the 1 cm oncologic margin advised in the literature for tumour resection in laparoscopy hepatectomy was obtained
An original technique of venous autoplasty after duodenopancreatectomy for tumors involving the infrarenal inferior vena cava
International audienceTumor involvement of the inferior vena cava (IVC) by hepatobiliary, pancreatic or duodenal malignancies can compromise adequate resection. However, radical resection with negative histological margins remains the only chance of cure. Various techniques are used for venous reconstruction, using a prosthetic graft interposition in most of the cases. However, in case of associated digestive resections, such as pancreaticoduodenectomy, postoperative complications can be responsible for prosthesis infection and related vascular complications. In this setting, the use of biological material for venous reconstruction appears to be preferable. We present an original, easy and useful technique of a venous autoplasty after pancreatico-duodenectomy for tumors involving the anterior wall of the infrarenal IVC, using a patch from the posterior wall of the IVC
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