796 research outputs found
Embeddings from the point of view of immersion theory: Part II
Let M and N be smooth manifolds. For an open V of M let emb(V,N) be the space
of embeddings from V to N. By results of Goodwillie and Goodwillie-Klein, the
cofunctor V |--> emb(V,N) is analytic if dim(N)-dim(M) > 2. We deduce that its
Taylor series converges to it. For details about the Taylor series, see Part I.Comment: 16 pages. Published copy, also available at
http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol3/paper4.abs.htm
Using openEHR Archetypes for Automated Extraction of Numerical Information from Clinical Narratives
Up to 80% of medical information is documented by unstructured data such as clinical reports written in natural language. Such data is called unstructured because the information it contains cannot be retrieved automatically as straightforward as from structured data. However, we assume that the use of this flexible kind of documentation will remain a substantial part of a patient’s medical record, so that clinical information systems have to deal appropriately with this type of information description. On the other hand, there are efforts to achieve semantic interoperability between clinical application systems through information modelling concepts like HL7 FHIR or openEHR. Considering this, we propose an approach to transform unstructured documented information into openEHR archetypes. Furthermore, we aim to support the field of clinical text mining by recognizing and publishing the connections between openEHR archetypes and heterogeneous phrasings. We have evaluated our method by extracting the values to three openEHR archetypes from unstructured documents in English and German language
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Geostatistical Analyses of the Persistence and Inventory of Carbon Tetrachloride in the 200 West Area of the Hanford Site
This report documents two separate geostatistical studies performed by researchers from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to evaluate the carbon tetrachloride plume in the groundwater on the Hanford Site
Reconstruction Mechanism of FCC Transition-Metal (001) Surfaces
The reconstruction mechanism of (001) fcc transition metal surfaces is
investigated using a full-potential all-electron electronic structure method
within density-functional theory. Total-energy supercell calculations confirm
the experimental finding that a close-packed quasi-hexagonal overlayer
reconstruction is possible for the late 5-metals Ir, Pt, and Au, while it is
disfavoured in the isovalent 4 metals (Rh, Pd, Ag). The reconstructive
behaviour is driven by the tensile surface stress of the unreconstructed
surfaces; the stress is significantly larger in the 5 metals than in 4
ones, and only in the former case it overcomes the substrate resistance to the
required geometric rearrangement. It is shown that the surface stress for these
systems is due to charge depletion from the surface layer, and that the
cause of the 4th-to-5th row stress difference is the importance of relativistic
effects in the 5 series.Comment: RevTeX 3.0, 12 pages, 1 PostScript figure available upon request] 23
May 199
Spatial heterogeneity of tectonic stress and friction in the crust
The complex geometry of faults, seismicity, and diversity of earthquake mechanisms suggest that the stress and strength in Earth's crust are spatially heterogeneous. We investigated the degree of heterogeneity using the following two end-member models. In one end-member model, we assumed that the orientation of stress is uniform in the crust as is assumed in many stress inversion studies. In this model, the variability of earthquake mechanisms means that friction during faulting must vary for each event. We computed friction ÎĽ from the ratio of the resolved shear stress to the effective normal stress on the fault plane with the assumption of hydrostatic pore pressure. The values of ÎĽ vary over a large range from 0 to 1.5. In the other extreme model we assumed optimally oriented slip and a constant ÎĽ = 0.6, as is suggested by Byerlee's law, for all the earthquakes, and determined the local stress orientation for each earthquake. The orientation of the stress changes drastically from one earthquake to another, and the assumption of uniform stress field commonly used in stress inversion is not warranted. An important conclusion is that a regionally uniform stress field and constant friction on optimally oriented faults are mutually exclusive. The actual situation in the crust is most likely to be intermediate between these two end-member models. From the existing data alone, we cannot determine the degree of heterogeneity uniquely, but both ÎĽ and the local stress field near earthquake faults are likely to vary substantially, and studies on earthquake rupture dynamics must take these heterogeneities into consideration
Instanton Moduli for T**3xR
We review the specific problems that arise when studying instantons on a
torus. We discuss how the Nahm transformation shows that no exact charge one
instanton on T**4 can exist. However, taking one of the directions (the time)
to infinity, it can be shown that vacuum to vacuum tunnelling solutions exist.
A precise description of the moduli space for T**3xR, studied numerically using
lattice techniques, remains an interesting open problem. New is an explicit
application of the Nahm transformation to (anti-)selfdual constant curvature
solutions on T**4 and a discussion of its properties relevant to instantons on
T**3xR.Comment: 12p with 3 figs, uufiles -gz format. Talk at the 29th Int. Symp. on
the Theory of Elem. Part., Buckow, 29 Aug.-2 Sept., 1995
Some , And Possibly All, Scalar Inferences Are Not Delayed: Evidence For Immediate Pragmatic Enrichment
Scalar inferences are commonly generated when a speaker uses a weaker expression rather than a stronger alternative, e.g., John ate some of the apples implies that he did not eat them all. This article describes a visual-world study investigating how and when perceivers compute these inferences. Participants followed spoken instructions containing the scalar quantifier some directing them to interact with one of several referential targets (e.g., Click on the girl who has some of the balloons). Participants fixated on the target compatible with the implicated meaning of some and avoided a competitor compatible with the literal meaning prior to a disambiguating noun. Further, convergence on the target was as fast for some as for the non-scalar quantifiers none and all. These findings indicate that the scalar inference is computed immediately and is not delayed relative to the literal interpretation of some. It is argued that previous demonstrations that scalar inferences increase processing time are not necessarily due to delays in generating the inference itself, but rather arise because integrating the interpretation of the inference with relevant information in the context may require additional time. With sufficient contextual support, processing delays disappear
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