Tecnologias intensivas para cultivo de culturas de inverno em diversas condições edáficas

Currently, in modern world science, a large experimental material has been accumulated to search for new forms of nitrogen nutrition of plants and increase the use of nitrogen fertilizers to obtain sustainable crop yields, which is relevant in modern conditions. A science-based fertilizer system should ensure not only the production of planned crops at the lowest cost per unit of production, but also a systematic increase in soil fertility. The purpose of the study was to scientifically substantiate, develop and introduce into the production of agricultural techniques to increase the yield of grain and leguminous crops cultivated on irrigated lands of the North-Western Caspian Sea, which dropped out of active agricultural turnover. The field study was developed on the basis of existing zonal recommendations, complementing them with options for studied agro-receptions. Laying and conducting multifactorial field experiments in various edaphic conditions by the method of split divides was carried out in accordance with the method of B.A. Dospekhov, Fundamentals of Scientific Research in Agronomy. In order to increase the productivity of irrigated land removed from active agricultural turnover, an environmentally sound land use orientation should be envisaged, while maintaining high agricultural productivity.Atualmente, na ciência do mundo moderno, um grande volume de material experimental foi acumulado para buscar  novas formas de adubação nitrogenada das plantas e aumentar o uso de fertilizantes nitrogenados para obter rendimentos agrícolas sustentáveis, o que é relevante nas condições ambientais atuais. Um sistema de adubação base científica deve garantir não apenas a produção de safras planejadas ao menor custo por unidade de produção, mas também um aumento sistemático da fertilidade do solo. O objetivo do estudo foi fundamentar cientificamente, desenvolver e introduzir na produção agrícola técnicas para aumentar o rendimento das culturas de grãos e leguminosas cultivadas em terras irrigadas do Noroeste  do Mar Cáspio, que saíram do volume de negócios agrícola ativo. O estudo de campo foi desenvolvido com base nas recomendações dos zoneamentos agrícolas existentes, complementando-as com opções de agro-recepções estudadas. Colocação e realização de experimentos de campo multifatoriais em várias condições edáficas pelo método de divisão foi realizado de acordo com o método de B.A. Dospekhov, Fundamentals of Scientific Research in Agronomy. A fim de aumentar a produtividade das terras irrigadas que saíram do volume de negócios agrícola ativo, deve ser considerada uma orientação de uso da terra ambientalmente correta, mantendo simultaneamente uma elevada produtividade agrícola

Constraining self-interacting dark matter with scaling laws of observed halo surface densities

The observed surface densities of dark matter halos are known to follow a simple scaling law, ranging from dwarf galaxies to galaxy clusters, with a weak dependence on their virial mass. Here we point out that this can not only be used to provide a method to determine the standard relation between halo mass and concentration, but also to use large samples of objects in order to place constraints on dark matter self-interactions that can be more robust than constraints derived from individual objects. We demonstrate our method by considering a sample of about 50 objects distributed across the whole halo mass range, and by modelling the effect of self-interactions in a way similar to what has been previously done in the literature. Using additional input from simulations then results in a constraint on the self-interaction cross section per unit dark matter mass of about $\sigma/m_\chi\lesssim 0.3$ cm$^2$/g. We expect that these constraints can be significantly improved in the future, and made more robust, by i) an improved modelling of the effect of self-interactions, both theoretical and by comparison with simulations, ii) taking into account a larger sample of objects and iii) by reducing the currently still relatively large uncertainties that we conservatively assign to the surface densities of individual objects. The latter can be achieved in particular by using kinematic observations to directly constrain the average halo mass inside a given radius, rather than fitting the data to a pre-selected profile and then reconstruct the mass. For a velocity-independent cross-section, our current result is formally already somewhat smaller than the range $0.5-5$ cm$^2$/g that has been invoked to explain potential inconsistencies between small-scale observations and expectations in the standard collisionless cold dark matter paradigm.Comment: 29 pages with jcappub.sty, 10 figures. Significantly improved discussion of method and limits. Version submitted to JCA

Eficácia biológica do regime fitofarmacêutico da cebola

The average yield of bulb onions is still quite low. The purpose of this study was to improve the techniques and methods of cultivating onions using new generation preparations against the background of N180P60K60 in a drip irrigation method. To achieve the objective of this study, field surveys, observations and measurements were carried out using generally accepted methods. The experimental data obtained from the studies were processed using analysis of variance in Excel, which is part of the Microsoft Office installation package. Field experience included both background application of mineral fertilizers, as well as integrated nutrition of plants with Aminofol Plus and Novosil bulb onion growth stimulants and its biological protection with drugs Gaitang, KE, Akzifor, KE and with Monarch, VDG preparations. According to the results of tests carried out in the 3rd soil-climatic zone, they positively influenced the growth processes and yield of the cultivated crop. The use of this scheme gave a significant increase in the number of commercial bulbs and the weight of commercial bulbs relative to the control version, which significantly affected the yield, which was 121.8 tons/ha (commercial yield). Based on the results of the obtained experimental data, the following was identified, the difference in yield is due to the effect of drugs that have a positive effect on the variety and hybrid of onions, which are under study.O rendimento médio de bulbos de cebolas ainda é bastante baixo. O objetivo deste estudo foi ampliar técnicas e métodos de cultivo de cebola utilizando novas preparações nutricionais no contexto da adubação de base N180P60K60 em um método de irrigação por gotejamento. Para atingir o objetivo deste estudo, pesquisas de campo, observações e medições foram realizadas utilizando métodos geralmente aceitos. Os dados experimentais obtidos a partir dos estudos foram processados usando análise de variância no Excel, que faz parte do pacote de instalação do Microsoft Office. A experiência de campo incluiu tanto a aplicação de base de fertilizantes minerais, bem como a nutrição integrada de plantas com Aminofol Plus e Novosil estimulantes de crescimento de bulbo de cebola e sua proteção biológica com drogas Gaitang, KE, Akzifor, KE e com preparações Monarch, VDG. De acordo com os resultados dos testes realizados em solos da terceira zona climática, eles influenciaram positivamente os processos de crescimento e o rendimento do cultivo. A utilização deste esquema de adubação permitiu um aumento significativo do número e peso de bulbos comerciais em relação ao tratamento controle, que afetou significativamente o rendimento, que foi de 121,8 toneladas/ha (rendimento comercial). Com base nos resultados dos dados experimentais obtidos, foi identificado que a diferença de rendimento deve-se ao efeito dos fármacos que têm efeito positivo na variedade e no híbrido de cebolas deste estudo

Phenomenology of GeV-scale scalar portal

We review and revise the phenomenology of the scalar portal -- a new scalar particle with the mass in GeV range that mixes with the Higgs boson. In particular, we consider production channels $B\to S K_1(1270)$ and $B\to S K_0^*(700)$ and show that their contribution is significant. We extend the previous analysis by comparing the production of scalars from decays of mesons, of the Higgs bosons and direct production via proton bremsstrahlung, deep inelastic scattering and coherent scattering on nuclei. Relative efficiency of the production channels depends on the energy of the beam and we consider the energies of DUNE, SHiP and LHC-based experiments. We present our results in the form directly suitable for calculations of experimental sensitivities.Comment: Journal versio

INTENSIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE CULTIVATION OF WINTER CROPS IN VARIOUS EDAPHIC CONDITIONS

Currently, in modern world science, a large experimental material has been accumulated to search for new forms of nitrogen nutrition of plants and increase the use of nitrogen fertilizers to obtain sustainable crop yields, which is relevant in modern conditions. A science-based fertilizer system should ensure not only the production of planned crops at the lowest cost per unit of production, but also a systematic increase in soil fertility. The purpose of the study was to scientifically substantiate, develop and introduce into the production of agricultural techniques to increase the yield of grain and leguminous crops cultivated on irrigated lands of the North-Western Caspian Sea, which dropped out of active agricultural turnover. The field study was developed on the basis of existing zonal recommendations, complementing them with options for studied agro-receptions. Laying and conducting multifactorial field experiments in various edaphic conditions by the method of split divides was carried out in accordance with the method of B.A. Dospekhov, Fundamentals of Scientific Research in Agronomy. In order to increase the productivity of irrigated land removed from active agricultural turnover, an environmentally sound land use orientation should be envisaged, while maintaining high agricultural productivity

Connection between diphoton and triboson channels in new physics searches

Diphoton channel provides a clean signature in searches for new physics. In this paper, we discuss a connection between the diphoton channel ($\gamma\gamma$) and triboson channels ($Z\gamma\gamma$, $ZZ\gamma$, $WW\gamma$) imposed by the $SU(2)_{L}\times U(1)_{Y}$ symmetry of the Standard Model (SM) in certain classes of models. To illustrate this idea we choose a simple model that has all these channels. In this model, the same physics can give rise to $\gamma+$MET instead of $\gamma\gamma$ and 2 bosons plus missing energy instead of 3-boson channels. We analyze existing constraints and previous searches and show that channels $WW\gamma$ and especially $Z\gamma+$MET have a potential to discover new physics at the LHC

Light scalar production from Higgs bosons and FASER 2

The most general renormalizable interaction between the Higgs sector and a new gauge-singlet scalar $S$ is governed by two interaction terms: cubic and quartic. The quartic interaction is only loosely constrained by invisible Higgs decays. Given current experimental limits about $10\%$ of all Higgs bosons created at the LHC can be converted to new scalars with the mass up to $m_{\rm Higgs}/2$. This can significantly extend the reach of the LHC-based Intensity Frontier experiments. We analyze the sensitivity of the FASER experiment to this model and discuss modest changes in the FASER 2 design that would allow to explore an orders-of-magnitude wider part of the Higgs portal's parameter space.Comment: Journal versio

From dwarf galaxies to galaxy clusters: Self-Interacting Dark Matter over 7 orders of magnitude in halo mass

In this paper we study the density profiles of self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) haloes spanning the full observable mass range, from dwarf galaxies to galaxy clusters. Using realistic simulations that model the baryonic physics relevant for galaxy formation, we compare the density profiles of haloes simulated with either SIDM or cold and collisionless dark matter (CDM) to those inferred from observations of stellar velocity dispersion, gas rotation curves, weak and strong gravitational lensing, and/or X-ray maps. We make our comparison in terms of the maximal surface density of haloes, circumventing the need for semi-analytic or parametric models for dark matter density profiles. We find that the maximal surface density as a function of halo mass is well reproduced by CDM simulations that include baryons, while for SIDM with a velocity-independent cross-section of 1 cm2/g, the simulated galaxy clusters have mean maximal surface densities that are below those of observed systems by an amount greater than the standard deviation of the observed maximal surface density at fixed mass. For less massive systems both CDM and SIDM agree with the observation equally well