Monotonicity of the period map of a non-Hamiltonian center

In this paper we prove that the period map of \ddot{x}- ax\thinspace\dot{x} + x^3 = 0,\quad with\quad a^2 < 8 , is monotonically decreasing. As an application, it is obtained that the respective Dirichlet boundary problem for two points has either a unique solution or no solution at all while the Neumann boundary value problem has a unique solution

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women´s worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7,876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women´s brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality.Fil: Zugman, André. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Alliende, Luz María. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile. Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile. Northwestern University; Estados UnidosFil: Medel, Vicente. Universidad Adolfo Ibañez; ChileFil: Bethlehem, Richard A.I.. University of Cambridge; Estados UnidosFil: Seidlitz, Jakob. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Ringlein, Grace. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Arango, Celso. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; EspañaFil: Arnatkevičiūtė, Aurina. Monash University; AustraliaFil: Asmal, Laila. Stellenbosch University; SudáfricaFil: Bellgrove, Mark. Monash University; AustraliaFil: Benegal, Vivek. National Institute Of Mental Health And Neuro Sciences; IndiaFil: Bernardo, Miquel. Universidad de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Billeke, Pablo. Universidad del Desarrollo; ChileFil: Bosch Bayard, Jorge. McGill University. Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital; Canadá. Université Mcgill; CanadáFil: Bressan, Rodrigo. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Busatto, Geraldo F.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Castro, Mariana Nair. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Chaim Avancini, Tiffany. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Compte, Albert. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer; EspañaFil: Costanzi, Monise. Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre; BrasilFil: Czepielewski, Leticia. Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre; Brasil. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Dazzan, Paola. Kings College London (kcl);Fil: de la Fuente-Sandoval, Camilo. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Gonzalez Campo, Cecilia. Universidad de San Andrés; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Zamorano, Francisco. Universidad del Desarrollo; Chile. Universidad San Sebastián; ChileFil: Zanetti, Marcus V.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Winkler, Anderson M.. University of Texas; Estados UnidosFil: Pine, Daniel S.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Evans Lacko, Sara. School of Economics and Political Science; Reino UnidoFil: Crossley, Nicolas A.. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile. Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile. University of Oxford; Reino Unid

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women's worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7,876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women's brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

男女間の不平等と脳の性差 --男女間の不平等は脳構造の性差と関連する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-05-10.Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women’s worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7, 876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women’s brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality

Clasificación de singularidades de campos vectoriales en el plano. Parte 1

Sea (612, O, X) germen de singularidad no hiperbólica de un campo de vectores en el plano. Después de un cam-bio de coordenadas, su parte lineal está representada por una y sólo una matriz del tipo[0 -λ    [0  0    [0  1    [0  0λ  0]     0  λ]   0  0]    0  0]            λ real no nuloEn esta primera parte del trabajo, se analizan los subconjuntos semi-algebraicos de G² (conjunto de gérmenes de singularidades en el origen del plano) de la forma W (E) = {X є G² / DX (0) es similar a E} con E campo lineal representado por[0 -λ        [0  0λ  0]   ó    0  λ]En ambos casos, se exhibe una estratificación de W(E) por codimensión (donde W(E) es de codimensión 1 en G² como subvariedad diferenciable). Se comprueba que, localmente en cada estrata, el comportamiento topológico es débilmente estable y finalmente se describen las bifurcaciones de estas singularidades.Las herramientas usadas son la forma normal de Takens, método del blowing-up, criterio de variedades centrales y desdoblamientos versales de campos vectoriales

About the generalized hopf bifurcations at infinity for planar cubic systems

In this paper we prove the existence of four infinitesimal limit cycles bifurcating at infinity for a class of planar cubic systems. Necessary and sufficient conditions to obtain a center for that class are established

Perception On the Quality of Life of Families with Children With ASD Condition

This is a qualitative study that addresses the perceptions on the quality of life of families with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), who are cared for in an early care center of a regional university in Temuco, Chile. The research is based on a constructivist paradigm with a single case design. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were used for data collection, and the analysis was carried out through open and axial coding, using ATLAS.ti 8.0 software. The results show that the ways in which families cope with this are conditioned by the diagnosis and level of support according to the DSM-5 that their son or daughter with ASD needs, which has repercussions on their family dynamics, which in turn conditions the expectations on the development, on their achievements and, especially, on the self-realization of their son or daughter. Given that extremes are chosen, overprotection stands out, where there is a lot of dependence and, on the other hand, a very permissive parenting style, where parents or caregivers associate all behavior to the condition and do not understand that not all behaviors are due to the condition, but that it also depends on the upbringing, routines and access to support networks

SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS ON NEUROEDUCATION IN CHILEAN PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: A CASE STUDY IN A CONTEXT OF POVERTY

This article investigates social representations on neuroeducation constructed by primary school teachers from a school in the town of Angol, Araucania Region, Chile. This was a qualitative investigation in the framework of a hermeneutic paradigm. The investigation design was based on Constructivist Grounded Theory and an instrumental case study. The information was obtained through semistructured, in-depth interviews. The data were processed in ATLAS.ti 8.0 software, and then subjected to axial, selective open coding through content analysis and constant comparison. The results show that teachers place a positive value on neuroeducation, since it is an innovation in practical teaching that favours their professional development