8 research outputs found

    La modélisation, un outil pour accompagner la transition agroécologique

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    Des protéines végétales pour l'homme et l'élevage », organisée dans le cadre du séminaire final des projets PSDR ProSys et POEET

    CRÉATIVITÉ INSTRUMENTALE CRÉATIVITÉ AMBIANTE

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    CrĂ©ativitĂ© instrumentale et crĂ©ativitĂ© ambiante : deux thĂ©matiques structurantes de la crĂ©ation artistique numĂ©rique d’aujourd’hui. L’une recherche la proximitĂ© et la matĂ©rialitĂ© des instruments dans la production des phĂ©nomĂšnes sensibles pour les marquer de l’énergie du corps Ă  corps dans l’instantanĂ©itĂ© de la relation instrumentale. L’autre bĂ©nĂ©ficie du concept d’information pour gĂ©nĂ©raliser le principe de l’écriture et de la conception hors temps.A leur intersection, aujourd’hui expĂ©rimentable et largement expĂ©rimentĂ©e dans l’art, plusieurs questions, actuelles et futures, sont posĂ©es Ă  l’artiste, au philosophe, Ă  l’ingĂ©nieur, questions que cet ouvrage explore par des chemins croisĂ©s, thĂ©oriques, expĂ©rimentaux et artistiques :‱ InstrumentalitĂ© et Ă©criture : ces pĂŽles de nature fondamentalement diffĂ©rente lorsqu’ils sont portĂ©s par les techniques prĂ©-numĂ©riques, peuvent-ils aujourd’hui se penser et se pratiquer dans une continuitĂ© issue des nouveaux outils de simulation et de calcul ?‱ De l’Ɠuvre artistique au processus de sa crĂ©ation : dans le contexte oĂč, avec l’information, l’artiste dispose d’un Ă©tabli infini, quel impact le dĂ©placement de l’Ɠuvre artistique vers le processus de sa crĂ©ation peut-il avoir sur la pensĂ©e et l’acte de crĂ©ation, et sur le concept d’Ɠuvre lui-mĂȘme ?‱ Les arts visuels sous le choc des technologies numĂ©riques, une nouvelle voie ? L’art contemporain a quittĂ© le stade de la figuration pour chercher des nouvelles formes. Les technologies actuelles de la modĂ©lisation et de la simulation ne seraient-elles pas Ă  mĂȘme de rĂ©concilier les formes visuelles contemporaines avec le temps, le geste, la matiĂšre, l’information ou l’énergie ?L’évĂ©nement pluridisciplinaire #AST 2011 qui s’est tenu Ă  Grenoble du 28 novembre au 3 dĂ©cembre 2011, et dont est issue une partie des articles de cet ouvrage, montre combien ces confrontations, par essence pluridisciplinaires, sont Ă  mĂȘme de dĂ©gager de nouvelles voies aux rĂ©flexions et aux pratiques scientifiques, technologiques et artistiques

    Varia

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    The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

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    International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

    The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

    No full text
    International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

    Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19

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    BackgroundWe previously reported that impaired type I IFN activity, due to inborn errors of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity or to autoantibodies against type I IFN, account for 15-20% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients. Therefore, the determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 remain to be identified in similar to 80% of cases.MethodsWe report here a genome-wide rare variant burden association analysis in 3269 unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19, and 1373 unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals without pneumonia. Among the 928 patients tested for autoantibodies against type I IFN, a quarter (234) were positive and were excluded.ResultsNo gene reached genome-wide significance. Under a recessive model, the most significant gene with at-risk variants was TLR7, with an OR of 27.68 (95%CI 1.5-528.7, P=1.1x10(-4)) for biochemically loss-of-function (bLOF) variants. We replicated the enrichment in rare predicted LOF (pLOF) variants at 13 influenza susceptibility loci involved in TLR3-dependent type I IFN immunity (OR=3.70[95%CI 1.3-8.2], P=2.1x10(-4)). This enrichment was further strengthened by (1) adding the recently reported TYK2 and TLR7 COVID-19 loci, particularly under a recessive model (OR=19.65[95%CI 2.1-2635.4], P=3.4x10(-3)), and (2) considering as pLOF branchpoint variants with potentially strong impacts on splicing among the 15 loci (OR=4.40[9%CI 2.3-8.4], P=7.7x10(-8)). Finally, the patients with pLOF/bLOF variants at these 15 loci were significantly younger (mean age [SD]=43.3 [20.3] years) than the other patients (56.0 [17.3] years; P=1.68x10(-5)).ConclusionsRare variants of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I IFN immunity genes can underlie life-threatening COVID-19, particularly with recessive inheritance, in patients under 60 years old
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