18 research outputs found
Adolescents adoptés et troubles du comportement : perspectives psychopathologiques
[Adopted adolescents and behavioral disorders : psychopathological perspectivs
Les limites de lâexpertise psychiatrique dans lâĂ©valuation de la dangerositĂ© juvĂ©nile
La loi belge de 1990 relative Ă la protection de la personne des malades mentaux a instaurĂ© un dĂ©bat quant aux soins contraints et quant aux rapports entre psychiatrie et justice. En 2006, la loi de 1990 (qui vise les malades mentaux) est Ă©tendue Ă celle de 1965 (qui vise les mineurs en danger, dont les dĂ©linquants). Mais lâintĂ©gration de la loi de 1965 Ă celle de 1990 menace grandement lâobjectif global de la loi sur la protection de la jeunesse. Comment conserver lâesprit de la loi de 1965,..
Lichaamsbeweging en depressie
Een recent rapport van het National Institute for Health and Care Excellence vernoemt oefentherapie in groep als eerstelijnsbehandeling voor volwassen patiĂ«nten met een depressie, ook voor ernstige gevallen. Het gaat erom tegelijk de symptomen van de depressie terug te dringen, maar ook de slechtere fysieke toestand van de patiĂ«nten te verbeteren. Bij adolescenten met een depressie wordt lichaamsbeweging voorgesteld maar niet erkend als aanvullende eerstelijnsbehandeling. Bemoedigende nieuwe studies toonden nochtans een duidelijk effect tegen depressie aan bij jongeren, vooral in psychiatrische ziekenhuizen. De antidepressieve effecten van oefening in groep zouden het gevolg kunnen zijn van neurobiologische (neuroplasticiteit, ontsteking, endocriene responsâŠ) en psychosociale (lichaamsbeeld, gevoel van eigenwaarde, gevoel van zelfredzaamheid, sociale steunâŠ) mechanismen. Een dergelijk oefenprogramma omvat begeleiding door opgeleid personeel en zorgt voor een kader en structuur met sessies die specifiek zijn afgestemd op mensen met een depressie. De lichaamsbeweging moet aeroob zijn, van matige intensiteit met ten minste twee sessies per week bij volwassenen en drie bij adolescenten gedurende ten minste tien weken. Er moet voor worden gezorgd dat het programma aantrekkelijk is en aangepast aan de fysieke en mentale moeilijkheden van elk individu om actieve deelname aan te moedigen
Activité physique et dépression
Un rapport rĂ©cent du National Institute for Health and Care Excellence inclut la thĂ©rapie par lâexercice en groupe parmi les traitements de premiĂšre ligne auprĂšs des patients adultes souffrant de dĂ©pression, y compris dans les cas graves. LâintĂ©rĂȘt est Ă la fois de rĂ©duire les symptĂŽmes dĂ©pressifs mais aussi dâamĂ©liorer leur santĂ© physique plus faible. Chez lâadolescent souffrant de dĂ©pression, la pratique de lâexercice physique est suggĂ©rĂ©e mais nâest pas reconnue comme faisant partie des traitements complĂ©mentaires de premiĂšre ligne. Cependant, de nouvelles Ă©tudes encourageantes ont montrĂ© un effet antidĂ©presseur notable chez les jeunes, notamment en milieu hospitalier psychiatrique. Les effets antidĂ©presseurs de lâexercice en groupe pourraient ĂȘtre dus Ă des mĂ©canismes neurobiologiques (neuroplasticitĂ©, inflammation, rĂ©ponse endocrineâŠ) et psycho-sociaux (image de son corps, estime de soi, sentiment dâauto-efficacitĂ©, support socialâŠ). Un tel programme dâexercices physiques implique une supervision par un personnel qualifiĂ©, assurant un cadre et une structure de sĂ©ances spĂ©cialement conçus pour les personnes souffrant de dĂ©pression. Lâexercice doit ĂȘtre aĂ©robie, dâintensitĂ© modĂ©rĂ©e avec au moins 2 sĂ©ances par semaine chez lâadulte et 3 chez lâadolescent pendant au moins 10 semaines. Il faudra veiller Ă ce que le programme soit attrayant et adaptĂ© aux difficultĂ©s physiques et psychiques de chaque individu pour favoriser sa participation active
Data on the impact of physical exercise treatment on depression and anxiety in a psychiatric hospital for adolescents.
The present data article provides a dataset of psychological scores, additional description of used measures, and descriptive data of participants related to the research article entitled "Impact of physical exercise on depression and anxiety in adolescent inpatients: a randomized controlled trial" (Philippot et al., 2022). This randomized controlled trial aimed at assessing the effect of add-on treatment with structured physical exercise compared to social relaxation activities in a clinical population of adolescents hospitalized for depression and anxiety in a psychiatric hospital. A group of 40 adolescents was randomly assigned to either a physical exercise or a control program three to four times per week over six weeks. The primary outcome was the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) for evaluation of depression and anxiety symptoms. Secondary outcomes were psychological self-assessments (The Zung Self-Assessment Depression Scale (SDS), Beck's abbreviated Depression Inventory (BDI-13), The Child Depression Inventory (CDI), The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)), diagnostic interview (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), and physical examinations (an adapted version of the Astrand-Rhyming Sub-Maximal Effort Test and BMI measures). These questionnaires and tests were filled at baseline and after intervention
Impact of physical exercise on depression and anxiety in adolescent inpatients: A randomized controlled trial
BACKGROUND: Physical exercise therapy is of proven efficacy in the treatment of adults with depression, but corresponding evidence is lacking in depressed adolescent inpatients. The aim of this study was to document the effect of add-on treatment with structured physical exercise in a clinical population of adolescents hospitalized for depression and anxiety in a psychiatric hospital.
METHODS: A group of 52 adolescent inpatients was randomly assigned to a physical exercise or control program three to four times per week over a six-week period (20 hours in total). The primary outcome was the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) for evaluation of depression and anxiety symptoms. Secondary outcomes were psychological self-assessments, diagnostic interviews, and physical examinations.
RESULTS: Six participants were lost in each group, leaving 20 inpatients each in the intervention and control groups. A linear mixed model with F-test revealed a significant interaction in favor of physical exercise in reducing the mean depression score (HADS-D) by 3.8 points [95% (CI), range 1.8 to 5.7], compared to a mean reduction score of 0.7 [95% (CI), range -0,7 to 2.0] in the control group. No significant interaction was found for anxiety symptoms (HADS-A).
LIMITATIONS: The investigation was limited to the six-week hospital window and the small sample size prevented exploring differences in social characteristics.
CONCLUSION: Structured physical exercise add-on therapy integrated into the psychiatric hospitalization of adolescents has led to a reduction in their depressive symptoms, demonstrating its effectiveness in the care of adolescent inpatients with depression
Plant Temperature Acclimation and Growth Rely on Cytosolic Ribosome Biogenesis Factor Homologs
Spatially enriched paralog rearrangements argue functionally diverse ribosomes arise during cold acclimation in arabidopsis
Ribosome biogenesis is essential for plants to successfully acclimate to low temperature.
Without dedicated steps supervising the 60S large subunits (LSUs) maturation in the cytosol, e.g.,
Rei-like (REIL) factors, plants fail to accumulate dry weight and fail to grow at suboptimal low
temperatures. Around REIL, the final 60S cytosolic maturation steps include proofreading and
assembly of functional ribosomal centers such as the polypeptide exit tunnel and the P-Stalk, respectively. In consequence, these ribosomal substructures and their assembly, especially during
low temperatures, might be changed and provoke the need for dedicated quality controls. To test
this, we blocked ribosome maturation during cold acclimation using two independent reil double
mutant genotypes and tested changes in their ribosomal proteomes. Additionally, we normalized
our mutant datasets using as a blank the cold responsiveness of a wild-type Arabidopsis genotype.
This allowed us to neglect any reil-specific effects that may happen due to the presence or absence
of the factor during LSU cytosolic maturation, thus allowing us to test for cold-induced changes
that happen in the early nucleolar biogenesis. As a result, we report that cold acclimation triggers a
reprogramming in the structural ribosomal proteome. The reprogramming alters the abundance of
specific RP families and/or paralogs in non-translational LSU and translational polysome fractions, a
phenomenon known as substoichiometry. Next, we tested whether the cold-substoichiometry was
spatially confined to specific regions of the complex. In terms of RP proteoforms, we report that
remodeling of ribosomes after a cold stimulus is significantly constrained to the polypeptide exit
tunnel (PET), i.e., REIL factor binding and functional site. In terms of RP transcripts, cold acclimation
induces changes in RP families or paralogs that are significantly constrained to the P-Stalk and
the ribosomal head. The three modulated substructures represent possible targets of mechanisms
that may constrain translation by controlled ribosome heterogeneity. We propose that non-random
ribosome heterogeneity controlled by specialized biogenesis mechanisms may contribute to a preferential or ultimately even rigorous selection of transcripts needed for rapid proteome shifts and
successful acclimation