Agrobiodiversidade urbana: composição florística, riqueza e diversidade de plantas nos quintais de Boa Vista, Roraima.

Quintais urbanos são fontes de uma ampla gama de espécies de plantas que podem ser alternativas à suplementação alimentar de populações periféricas de cidades de grande e médio porte da Amazônia. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a composição, riqueza e diversidade de plantas da cidade de Boa Vista, Roraima. Para tanto, foi realizado um inventário florístico em 60 quintais amostrados em três bairros. O levantamento resultou na observação de 4197 indivíduos dispersos em 77 famílias botânicas e 424 espécies. As famílias mais abundantes foram Asparagaceae, Araceae e Rubiaceae. As formas de vida não arbórea apresentaram maior diversidade, indicando maior nível de complexidade neste grupo. Ao contrário, maior similaridade foi observada entre as formas de vida arbórea, indicando alto grau de uniformidade na escolha das espécies arbóreas, em especial de frutíferas. Planta ornamental foi a categoria de uso dominante nos quintais (> 50%). A conclusão geral deste estudo aponta que os quintais de Boa Vista são unidades de práticas culturais urbanas que envolvem a conservação de espécies de plantas representativas da agrobiodiversidade amazônica, mas fortemente associados a usos preferenciais tradicionais que transitam intra e inter-regiões brasileiras

Mortalidade por câncer de vesícula biliar no Estado de Sergipe e no Brasil, no período de 2009 a 2019 / Mortality from gallbladder cancer in the State of Sergipe and in Brazil, from 2009 to 2019

Objetivos: Avaliar a tendência temporal da mortalidade por câncer de vesícula biliar no Brasil e no estado de Sergipe no período de 2009 a 2019. Metodologia: Estudo ecológico, descritivo, de série temporal e de abordagem quantitativa, sobre a mortalidade de câncer de vesícula biliar no Estado de Sergipe e no Brasil, entre 2009 e 2019. Os dados epidemiológicos estudados encontram-se para consulta pública no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM), disponibilizado no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Resultados: Foram identificados 110 óbitos por neoplasia maligna de vesícula biliar no Estado de Sergipe, dos quais 80% foram de mulheres. Observa-se ainda predomínio da faixa etária entre 60-69 anos 30,9%, seguido por 70-79 anos com 26,3%. No Brasil, foram identificados 12.016 óbitos por neoplasia maligna de vesícula biliar, dos quais 73,5% foram de mulheres, e com predomínio na faixa etária com 80 anos ou mais. O Brasil apresentou uma variação percentual anual (VPA) em mulheres de -13,9% (95% IC: -36,3 e 16,5) e em homens de -5,2% (95% IC: -18,5 e 10,2), uma tendência de queda que para o período não foi estatisticamente significativa. No estado de Sergipe, a mortalidade manteve-se estável em todo o período do estudo, para a população feminina que apresentou VPA de -0,6% (95% IC: -6,8 e 6,1), já para os homens, observou-se uma maior VPA com 21,7% (95% IC: 0,5 e 48,8), porém, ambos sem significância estatística. Conclusão: Este estudo fornece dados de registros de câncer de vesícula com base populacional do Brasil e do estado de Sergipe, que confirmam que a as taxas de mortalidade são mais altas entre as mulheres do que os homens, e aumentam significativamente com a idade. A variação na taxa padronizada anual, não refletiu em diferenças estatisticamente significativas, podendo considerar que a mortalidade se manteve estável no período estudado para ambas as populações

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Evolutionary study of potentially zoonotic hepatitis E virus genotype 3 from swine in Northeast Brazil

Submitted by Paulo Silva ([email protected]) on 2019-09-27T12:48:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Evolutionary study of potentially zoonotic hepatitis E virus genotype 3 from swine in Northeast Brazil..pdf: 1548800 bytes, checksum: 2a9dce848f940d9c83c57a7209deddb1 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Paulo Silva ([email protected]) on 2019-09-27T13:48:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Evolutionary study of potentially zoonotic hepatitis E virus genotype 3 from swine in Northeast Brazil..pdf: 1548800 bytes, checksum: 2a9dce848f940d9c83c57a7209deddb1 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-27T13:48:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Evolutionary study of potentially zoonotic hepatitis E virus genotype 3 from swine in Northeast Brazil..pdf: 1548800 bytes, checksum: 2a9dce848f940d9c83c57a7209deddb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Virologia. Recife, PE, Brasil / Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Berlin Institute of Health. Institute of Virology. Berlin, Germany.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Veterinária. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Virologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Virologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Microbiologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Virologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Virologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Hepatitis E virus (HEV), an emerging virus associated with acute hepatic disease, leads to thousands of deaths worldwide. HEV has already been reported in Brazil; however, there is a lack of epidemiological and molecular information on the genetic variability, taxonomy, and evolution of HEV. It is thus unclear whether hepatitis E is a neglected disease in Brazil or it has low relevance for public health in this country. Here, for the first time, we report the presence of HEV in Northeast Brazil. A total of 119 swine faecal samples were screened for the presence of HEV RNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and further confirmed by conventional RT-PCR; among these, two samples were identified as positive. Molecular evolution analyses based on capsid sequences revealed that the samples had close proximities to HEV sequences belonging to genotype 3 and were genetically related to subtype 3f isolated in humans. Parsimony ancestral states analysis indicated gene flow events from HEV cross-species infection, suggesting an important role of pig hosts in viral spillover. HEV's ability for zoonotic transmission by inter-species host switching as well as its possible adaptation to new animal species remain important issues for human health

Histopathological and b-mode ultrasound characteristics in a primary canine duodenal adenocarcinoma - case report

Lower gastrointestinal tract neoplasms are rare in domestic animals, representing 3% of all biopsies and necropsies. Our objective is to describe the histopathological and B-mode ultrasound findings in a case of duodenal adenocarcinoma in a dog, since it commonly occurs in the large intestine. On ultrasound examination, there was transmural wall thickening in the duodenum with loss of layer structure, focal peritonitis and adenopathy. Histopathological examination of the intestinal mass revealed a malignant epithelial neoplasm, densely cellular and infiltrative, extending through the lamina propria, submucosa, muscle and hypodermis, characterizing a duodenal adenocarcinoma. We conclude that adenocarcinomas may be included in the differential diagnosis of transmural lesions in the duodenum in B-mode ultrasound examinations, but a laparotomy and biopsy are required for definitive diagnosis

Intravital microscopy: Taking a close look inside the living organisms

status: publishe

SARS-CoV-2 intra-host diversity, antibody response, and disease severity after reinfection by the variant of concern Gamma in Brazil

Abstract The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern (VOC) Gamma in Amazonas during early 2021 fueled a second large COVID-19 epidemic wave and raised concern about the potential role of reinfections. Very few cases of reinfection associated with the VOC Gamma have been reported to date, and their potential impact on clinical, immunological, and virological parameters remains largely unexplored. Here we describe 25 cases of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in Brazil. SARS-CoV-2 genomic analysis confirmed that individuals were primo-infected with distinct viral lineages between March and December 2020 (B.1.1, B.1.1.28, B.1.1.33, B.1.195, and P.2) and reinfected with the VOC Gamma between 3 to 12 months after primo-infection. We found a similar mean cycle threshold (Ct) value and limited intra-host viral diversity in both primo-infection and reinfection samples. Sera of 14 patients tested 10–75 days after reinfection displayed detectable neutralizing antibodies (NAb) titers against SARS-CoV-2 variants that circulated before (B.1.*), during (Gamma), and after (Delta and Omicron) the second epidemic wave in Brazil. All individuals had milder or no symptoms after reinfection, and none required hospitalization. These findings demonstrate that individuals reinfected with the VOC Gamma may display relatively high RNA viral loads at the upper respiratory tract after reinfection, thus contributing to onward viral transmissions. Despite this, our study points to a low overall risk of severe Gamma reinfections, supporting that the abrupt increase in hospital admissions and deaths observed in Amazonas and other Brazilian states during the Gamma wave was mostly driven by primary infections. Our findings also indicate that most individuals analyzed developed a high anti-SARS-CoV-2 NAb response after reinfection that may provide some protection against reinfection or disease by different SARS-CoV-2 variants