Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup X Sequence Type 767 in Turkey▿

Neisseria meningitidisis a common inhabitant of the nasopharyngeal tracts of healthy humans and is a significant cause of invasive infections such as meningitis in young children and adolescents worldwide (14).N. meningitidishas been classified into 13 serogroups on the basis of antigenic variation of the capsule, but only serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have commonly caused invasive infections (8). In Turkey, W-135 has been the most frequently reported serogroup since an international outbreak was reported following the annual Hajj seasons in Saudi Arabia in 2000 and 2001 (10). During the years 2003 to 2008, 17 serogroup W-135 strains (from eight meningitis cases) were isolated from Turkish recruits vaccinated with A+C polysaccharide meningococcal vaccine (10–12)

Susceptibility of bacterial isolates from Turkey - A report from the meropenem yearly susceptibility test information collection (MYSTIC) program

PubMedID: 18230545The study monitored the susceptibility of nosocomial pathogens to meropenem and comparator antimicrobial agents isolated as part of the Meropenem Yearly Susceptibility Test Information Collection (MYSTIC) Program from Turkish university hospitals. In terms of minimum inhibitory concentration 90% (MIC 90) values, meropenem was two- and eight-fold more active than imipenem against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. 40.5% of K. pneumoniae, 23.1% of Klebsiella oxytoca and 15.3% of E. coli isolates were extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Piperacillin/ tazobactam was the most active agent against isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by meropenem and imipenem. Against Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, meropenem and imipenem were the most active agents. Continued surveillance by the MYSTIC Program appears to be prudent to help focus on effective empiric treatment regimens. © E.S.I.F.T. srl

Susceptibility of bacterial isolates from Turkey - A report from the Meropenem Yearly Susceptibility Test Information Collection (MYSTIC) Program

WOS: 000252617000005PubMed ID: 18230545The study monitored the susceptibility of nosocomial pathogens to meropenem and comparator antimicrobial agents isolated as part of the Meropenem Yearly Susceptibility Test Information Collection (MYSTIC) Program from Turkish university hospitals. In terms of minimum inhibitory concentration 90% (MIC90) values, meropenem was two- and eight-fold more active than imipenem against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. 40.5% of K. pneumoniae, 23.1% of Klebsiella oxytoca and 15.3% of E. coli isolates were extended-spectrum P-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Piperacillin/tazobactam was the most active agent against isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by meropenem and imipenem. Against Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, meropenem and imipenem were the most active agents. Continued surveillance by the MYSTIC Program appears to be prudent to help focus on effective empiric treatment regimens

Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase reduces bacterial translocation in a rat model of acute pancreatitis

Introduction: Translocation of bacteria from the gut into pancreatic necrosis is an important factor in the development of septic complications and mortality in acute pancreatitis. S-methylisothiourea (SMT) is an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor that has been shown to decrease bacterial translocation in sepsis and thermal injury

Identification and Characterization of OXA-48 Producing, Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates in Turkey

Carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolates has been reported from Turkey and is most often mediated by OXA-48 type carbapenemases. We report the identification and characterization of four carbapenem-resistant isolates (three Klebsiella pneumoniae and one Escherichia coli) among 515 clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected during a 7-month study period in Ankara, Turkey. The four isolates were recovered from blood and urine specimens in patients with varied clinical manifestations. They had distinct pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and harbored a variety of beta-lactamases including bla(TEM-1), bla(SHV-12) genes, bla(SHV-11), and/or bla(CTX-M-15). PCR and sequencing analysis revealed that the bla(OXA-48) gene was present in all four isolates. Our data indicated that the OXA-48-type carbapenemase was the only mechanism for carbapenem resistance in our hospital

Evaluation of Blood Culture Practices: Use of System (Epicenter) Data

Sepsis is a serious clinical problem and estimated to be responsible for 18 million annual deaths worldwide. Therefore, the use and the rapid processing of blood cultures are important for the transition from empiric therapy to directed therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the best blood culture practices in Turkey. We have examined the collection practices and techniques at four different hospitals, and a total of 165.443 blood culture bottles were evaluated (2013-2015). At the preanalytical phase most of the data which were important and which could support hospital quality systems/practices were not entered into the HIS and EpiCenter system. At the analytical phase loading of the bottles and removal of positive bottles primarily occurred between 6:00 and 9:00 AM but the positivity rate of the bottles showed a homogeneous distribution throughout the day. In other words, there were significant delays at processing positive blood culture bottles related to laboratory workers. The effect of education regarding best practices, transition from single bottle to two bottle cultures was successful in all hospitals. Single bottle usage decreased below 10% in all hospitals. Significantly more positive cultures were detected at multiple cultures when compared with the single bottle collection practice. In retrospective patient records, it was seen that all the laboratories reported the results of Gram staining to the clinics. However, these data were not recorded to the Epicenter. The contamination rates of Ankara Numune Hospital and Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine Hospital are 6.2% and 5.4% respectively, contamination rates were not reported in other hospitals. The most common isolates detected in blood cultures were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii. The mean time for the detection of these organisms were less than 20 hours in the aerobic bottle and anaerobic bottles. A total of 79.6% of facultative anaerobic isolates were detected in both bottles; 9.8% were detected only in the aerobic bottles; 10.6% of the isolates were detected only in the anaerobic bottles. As a result, the educational efforts in Turkey have met with success for transition from collecting single bottle blood culture sets to two bottle blood cultures. However, further efforts are needed to increase the number of blood culture sets collected during a 24 hour's period. In addition, errors at the preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical periods (taking samples, loading bottles into the system and processing positive blood cultures) should be eliminated.C1 [Basustaoglu, Ahmet] Baskent Univ, Dept Med Microbiol, Fac Med, TR-06790 Ankara, Turkey.[Suzuk Yildiz, Serap] MoH Gen Directorate Publ Hlth, Dept Microbiol Reference Lab & Biol Prod, Ankara, Turkey.[Mumcuoglu, Ipek; Kursun, Senol] Ankara Numune Training & Res Hosp, Lab Med Microbiol, Ankara, Turkey.[Karahan, Zeynep Ceren; Evren, Ebru] Ankara Univ, Dept Med Microbiol, Fac Med, Ankara, Turkey.[Ogunc, Dilara; Ozhak Baysal, Betil] Akdeniz Univ, Dept Med Microbiol, Fac Med, Antalya, Turkey.[Kaleli, Ilknur; Demir, Melek] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fac Med, Denizli, Turkey.[Murray, Patrick] BD Diagnost Syst, Hunt Valley, MD USA