EFFECT OF PURE Α-AMYLASE UTILIZATION ON THE Β-GLUCAN CONTENT AND THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF OAT-DRINK

The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of pure α-amylase on the Beta-glucan content, the production yield, and the rheological properties of oat-drink. The results showed the significant increase in the Beta-glucan (0.40 g/ml) in oat-drink treated with pure α-amylase.This publication is supported by basic foundation of Chair of Food Science and Technology (P170195VLTQ) and by project ‘VALORTECH’ received funding from the European Union’s Horozon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 810603

ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF BREWING WASTE DIETARY FIBRES FOR CONFECTIONERIES PRODUCTION

In this paper, the effect of enzyme doze on the breakdown of brewing waste dietary fibres has been studied. An increase in the amount of an enzyme induced was found to a decrease in the percentage of fiber from 10% to 7%, as well as an increase in mass concentration of glucose in the supernatant solution from 18 to 72.Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Благотворительного фонда Потанина

Computational approaches to explainable artificial intelligence: Advances in theory, applications and trends

Deep Learning (DL), a groundbreaking branch of Machine Learning (ML), has emerged as a driving force in both theoretical and applied Artificial Intelligence (AI). DL algorithms, rooted in complex and non-linear artificial neural systems, excel at extracting high-level features from data. DL has demonstrated human-level performance in real-world tasks, including clinical diagnostics, and has unlocked solutions to previously intractable problems in virtual agent design, robotics, genomics, neuroimaging, computer vision, and industrial automation. In this paper, the most relevant advances from the last few years in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and several applications to neuroscience, neuroimaging, computer vision, and robotics are presented, reviewed and discussed. In this way, we summarize the state-of-the-art in AI methods, models and applications within a collection of works presented at the 9th International Conference on the Interplay between Natural and Artificial Computation (IWINAC). The works presented in this paper are excellent examples of new scientific discoveries made in laboratories that have successfully transitioned to real-life applications.MCIU - Nvidia(UMA18-FEDERJA-084

Computational Approaches to Explainable Artificial Intelligence:Advances in Theory, Applications and Trends

Deep Learning (DL), a groundbreaking branch of Machine Learning (ML), has emerged as a driving force in both theoretical and applied Artificial Intelligence (AI). DL algorithms, rooted in complex and non-linear artificial neural systems, excel at extracting high-level features from data. DL has demonstrated human-level performance in real-world tasks, including clinical diagnostics, and has unlocked solutions to previously intractable problems in virtual agent design, robotics, genomics, neuroimaging, computer vision, and industrial automation. In this paper, the most relevant advances from the last few years in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and several applications to neuroscience, neuroimaging, computer vision, and robotics are presented, reviewed and discussed. In this way, we summarize the state-of-the-art in AI methods, models and applications within a collection of works presented at the 9 International Conference on the Interplay between Natural and Artificial Computation (IWINAC). The works presented in this paper are excellent examples of new scientific discoveries made in laboratories that have successfully transitioned to real-life applications

Regulating a distilled malt spirit fractioning process using Harrington’s desirability function

In the study, a relation is found that eases the regulation of a distilled malt spirit fractionation process. The reasons are given for considering both the objective indicators (impurity content) and the organoleptic properties as quality criteria, which implies the need for a single quality criterion based on expert opinion and having a numerical expression. Using the Harrington desirability function method, such a criterion was found, tied to the model process of distilled malt spirit fractionation. The spirit was obtained by distilling twice on a Doctor Guber pot still a wash made from light barley malt and fermented with reactivated DistilaMax MW dry yeast for 70 hours at 24°C. The mode of distillation of the wash was constant, but during the second fractional distillation, the first sample of alcohol was divided into fractions according to the initial (reference) regime, and the next sample was fractionated in small batches, with a time step of 20 min, to estimate the dynamic uptake of by-products: aldehydes, esters, and higher alcohols. After impurity determination with gas chromatography, a generalized criterion was derived with the linear convolution formula from the by-product concentrations and the respective significance coefficients. The coefficients were found via a set of fuzzy rules constructed with the Harrington function method. The logic of collegial decisions regarding the first (standard) and the next (small batch) spirit samples was thus fixated in a simplified model, and the relation between stillage time and the generalized criterion was found, which provided feedback from the expert evaluated spirit sensory characteristics to the mode of fractioning. With the feedback loop, it is possible to model the logic of expert evaluation of the spirit and thus regulate the fractioning process without further need for expert evaluation

The effect of proteolytic enzymes on the amino acid composition of the filtrate and the grain mash obtained from the shock activator disintegrating treated rye

The effect of enzymes of proteolytic action on the amino acid composition of the filtrate and grains of grain wort obtained from UDA-treated rye was studied. The feasibility of using a complex of proteolytic enzymes: neutral and acid proteases is shown. The processing of rye was carried out on the disintegrator DEZI15 with different working elements: three and five-row rotors rotating at a frequency of 120 s1. A control sample of grinding was obtained in a laboratory mill with a rotor-knife working body. According to the data obtained on the Malvern Mastersizer 2000 laser analyzer, the average particle size in the grinding samples was: on a disintegrator with a three-row rotor – 167.5 microns, on a five-row rotor-knife working body – 384.278 microns. As a source of proteolytic enzymes, preparations of the fungal protease Рrо100L and the bacterial protease Protosubtilin GZх A120 were used. The determination of the content of ?-amino nitrogen in the finished wort (mg / dm3) was performed by calorimetry with ninhydrin. The concentration of amino acids was determined using the KNAUER amino acid analyzer: the calculation of aminograms was carried out by comparing the areas of the standard and the sample. It was established that the UDA-treatment allows obtaining a high content of ?-amino nitrogen in the filtrate of rye hydrolysates, and the complex introduction of acidic and neural proteases strengthens this effect. Analysis of the amino acid composition of the filtrate and grains showed the presence of all the essential amino acids in both of these products. The filtrate can be recommended as a nutrient nitrogen-containing medium for the cultivation of microorganisms, followed by the release of secondary metabolites of their vital activity, or as an intermediate in the production of sugar-containing syrups from whole grains with a high content of amino acids. The fraction of the hydrolyzate is of interest as a protein-containing feed additive, and the fine particle size distribution of such a product will allow it to be used not only for feeding cattle, but also in poultry farming

Application of low pentosan rye potable ethanol production

The study demonstrates new applications of Yantarnaya winter rye bred in n. i. Vavilov Horticultural Institute to potable ethanol production. This variety of rye is particularly low in water-soluble pentosans (0.5–0.8%; comparable to the usual 0.5–1.0% pentosan content in wheat). The object of the study was Yantarnaya winter rye containing 0.53% pentosans, while the control material was forage rye with 3.60% pentosans. After the two rye samples were crushed by a dezi­15 disintegrator with 5-row rotors, sieve analysis of the grist showed 97±2% through for forage rye and 95±2% through for Yantarnaya. The grist was mixed with water at a 1∶3 ratio and infusion mashed without exogenous enzymes at 60°c for 2.5 hours during constant agitation. Throughout the process, mash samples were probed by a Visco Basic Plus viscosimeter fitted with the r2 spindle at a shear rate of 50 s−1 and also had their extractivity uptake monitored. The cooked mashes were fermented with reactivated dry Thermosacc yeast (Lallemand), with supplemental nitrogen introduced as DistilaVitevm (Lallemand) additive, at 30°c for 62 hours. Quality criteria of distilled washes were assayed using a Kristall­2000m gas chromatograph, while the components of the ddg such as crude protein, fat, fibre, and ash were determined according to the applicable Russian standards. The experimental results demonstrate considerable applicability of Yantarnaya winter rye to potable ethanol production

Accumulation of selenium in a Chinese cabbage of a grade Pak-choi in the course of cultivation

Most agricultural areas of Russia have soils poor in mineral selenium, causing higher oncology risks for population of such areas. The way to control malignancy incidence is selenium fortification of soils and plants. This can be achieved by agrochemical enrichment of cultivated plants with nutritive substrates containing essential minerals and trace elements. The current study aimed to assay the effect of inorganic selenium on the rate of Chinese pakchoi cabbage biomass gain for the development of agrochemical techniques for introducing selenium. The optimal selenium introduction technique would demonstrate the best balance of biomass gain rate and selenium ion accumulation in organic matter. Selenium ion accumulation dynamic was assessed during controlled growth of plants in soils enriched with nutritive substrate containing inorganic selenium (potassium selenite). The amount of selenium in plants was determined by spectroscopy. Mathematical functions describing the selenium uptake dynamic of controlled grown plants have been found, including derivatives of these functions that led to obtaining the numerical values of the respective uptake rates. It has been found that agricultural techniques that involve introduction of selenium at intermediate and late stages of cultivation are optimal for plant growth dynamic, as introducing selenium at early stages of cultivation has a negative impact on biomass uptake rates. Additionally, introducing potassium selenite to the nutritive substrate at 1.0 mg×dm–3 proved to be more effective than introducing potassium selenite at 0.5 mg×dm–3 as the former dosage led to a better plant growth dynamic

Methods of Commercialization and Usage of <i>Sosnovsky hogweed</i> Processing

Sosnovsky’s hogweed is an invasive species that suppresses natural meadow biocenoses, but at the same time it can be a source of various biological substances (raw materials). Hogweed can be processed to produce cellulose. The obvious advantage of cellulose from Sosnovsky’s hogweed is the unsuitability of the raw material for other uses, i.e., while valuable resources that are now being used to produce cellulose can be saved, the stems of Sosnovsky’s hogweed are waste products obtained because of getting rid of the plant. Despite this, there is an actual problem of including hogweed in the production chain. To solve this problem, business models can be built that are aimed at using the biproducts of processing hogweed. It is important that business models not only reflect the process of producing added value but also can solve the main problem of processing weed plants: the finiteness of the specified resource. Specifically, entrepreneurs starting such a business should not get into a situation where they destroy their only resource. This article is focused on a comparison of business models according to the following criteria: feasibility, profitability, and environmental impact. Business models that involve constructing a processing plant, using mobile laboratories, and industrial symbiosis models are presented. The overall result of this work is a business model that meets the specified criteria. Similar business models can be used for other plants with the possibility of obtaining valuable raw materials. Research shows how Sosnovsky hogweed can be processed into bioethanol or cellulose