713 research outputs found
Az empátia, tolerancia Ă©s segĂtĹ‘kĂ©szsĂ©g vizsgálatára kidolgozott eljárás elsĹ‘ alkalmazásának tapasztalatai
A sajátos nevelĂ©si igĂ©nyű gyermekek integrált nevelĂ©se az 1993-as Közoktatási törvĂ©ny Ăłta a speciális oktatás választhatĂł alternatĂvája hazánkban. Maga a „sajátos nevelĂ©si igĂ©ny” fogalma a korábban használatos „fogyatĂ©kos” terminust váltotta fel mind a szaknyelvben, mind a jogszabályok szĂłhasználatában. Ez azonban korántsem csak játĂ©k a szavakkal
ANALYSIS OF FICUS CARICA L. – VOLATILE COMPONENTS AND MINERAL CONTENT
Ficus carica L. is a well-known Mediterranean plant, its fructus - the fig- is consumed widely, mostly in the southern region of Europe. It’s a member of the Moraceae family, one of the earliest crops. It can be consumed raw, dried or even as jam as a part of the Mediterranean
diet. One part of our research was to determine the volatile components of Ficus carica L. The composition of volatile components are important for the determination of fruit quality. We compared two extraction methods, examined by SPME-GC/MS. Two preparation methods were used: directly measured by SPME, and also samples made by steam distillation. Figs has an important role as phytonutrition.
Mineral element content was determined by ICP. Fig is a good source of elements for Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and Mo, since eating 5 dkg of dried fig covers more than 15% of the Recommended Dietry Allowances
A dohányzás és környezeti dohányfüstártalom kapcsolata a koraszülésekkel
Magyarországon igen magas a koraszĂĽlĂ©sek aránya, amely a teljes Ă©lveszĂĽletĂ©si szám 8,9%-a volt 2010-ben. Az idĹ‘ elĹ‘tti szĂĽletĂ©s (<37. hĂ©t) jelentĹ‘sĂ©gĂ©t az adja, hogy a csecsemĹ‘kori mortalitás Ă©s morbiditás 85%-a ennek következtĂ©ben jön lĂ©tre, hosszĂş távon pedig számos krĂłnikus megbetegedĂ©s okozĂłja. Az idĹ‘ elĹ‘tti szĂĽlĂ©shez gyakran jĂłl azonosĂthatĂł anyai Ă©s magzati kĂłrkĂ©pek vezetnek, de az esetek jelentĹ‘s rĂ©szĂ©ben a szĂĽlĂ©s váratlanul Ă©s minden elĹ‘zetes tĂĽnet nĂ©lkĂĽl következik be. Ilyen esetekben a család szocioökonĂłmiai háttere Ă©s az azzal összefĂĽggĂ©sbe hozhatĂł negatĂvan hatĂł Ă©letmĂłdbeli tĂ©nyezĹ‘k tehetĹ‘k felelĹ‘ssĂ©. Ezek között a leggyakoribb egĂ©szsĂ©gkárosĂtĂł magatartásforma a dohányzás. VárandĂłsság alatti aránya országosan 14,4% az elmĂşlt 13 Ă©v átlagát tekintve, de nĂ©hány megyĂ©nkben a 25%-ot is elĂ©ri. Ezekben a megyĂ©kben a koraszĂĽlĂ©seknek is lĂ©nyegesen magasabb a prevalenciája. A jelen összefoglalĂł munka arra hĂvja fel a figyelmet, hogy a hátrányos szociális helyzetbĹ‘l eredĹ‘ tĂ©nyezĹ‘k egyĂĽttesen tehetĹ‘k felelĹ‘ssĂ© a magasabb koraszĂĽlĂ©si arányszám kialakulásáért.
The rate of preterm births is very high in Hungary; it was 8.9 % of the total livebirths in 2010. Preterm birth (<37 weeks) has a considerable health impact, because it is responsible for 85% of infant mortality and morbidity as well as for numerous chronic diseases in the long-term. Many maternal and fetal diseases can be identified in the background, but in a number of cases, preterm labor begins unexpectedly, without any prodrome. Presumably, the socioeconomic background and the presence of harmful lifestyle factors are related to preterm birth in these cases. Tobacco smoking is the most frequent harmful health behavior. At national level, the rate of smoking during pregnancy was 14.4% in the last 13 years, but in some counties, this proportion mounted to 25%. In these counties, the prevalence of preterm births also exceeds the national average. This summary highlights the factors related to disadvantaged socio-economic status that can be responsible for the higher number of preterm birth cases
Calibration process for groundwater flow model of a river influenced shallow aquifer
Understanding and simulating the interaction of groundwater and surface water is essential to hydrologists. Water supply and water quality aspects are a few examples of common water-resource issues where understanding the interconnections of groundwater and surface water is fundamental to develop an effective water-resource management and policy. In our study a detailed investigation of a riverbank aquifer was performed to be able to simulate and predict the behavior of the flow system. The continuous hydraulic head measurements in the area of interest showed strong influence on the hydraulic head field caused by intensively changing river head at a distance from the river up to 3,500 m. Based on the results steady state and transient flow calculations were compared, and a great effort has been made to ensure that the model more precisely describe the time and space variable flow field. Beside fulfilling the standard calibration requirements, a multi-step calibration process was performed
Chemical etching of a disordered solid: from experiments to field theory
We present a two-dimensional theoretical model for the slow chemical
corrosion of a thin film of a disordered solid by suitable etching solutions.
This model explain different experimental results showing that the corrosion
stops spontaneously in a situation in which the concentration of the etchant is
still finite while the corrosion surface develops clear fractal features. We
show that these properties are strictly related to the percolation theory, and
in particular to its behavior around the critical point. This task is
accomplished both by a direct analysis in terms of a self-organized version of
the Gradient Percolation model and by field theoretical arguments.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
A vĂ©konybĂ©l autotranszplantáciĂłt megelĹ‘zĹ‘ ischĂ©miás prekondĂcionálás pathomechamizmusának vizsgálata kĂsĂ©rletes modellben = Investigation of the pathomechanism of ischemic preconditioning prior to small bowel autotransplantation in experimental model
A vĂ©konybĂ©l transzplantálhatĂłságát fokozott immunogenitása mellett az nehezĂti, hogy az egyik legĂ©rzĂ©kenyebb szövet az ischĂ©miás/reperfĂşziĂłs (I/R) károsodásokra. Az immunolĂłgiai problĂ©mákat kizárva kĂsĂ©rletes vĂ©konybĂ©l autotranszplantáciĂłs modellekben az I/R károsodást vizsgáltuk. A károsodás csökkentĂ©sĂ©re, kivĂ©dĂ©sĂ©re az ischĂ©miás prekondĂcionálás (IPC) hatását vizsgáltuk. IPC-t vĂ©geztĂĽnk kĂĽlönbözĹ‘ ciklusokkal a vĂ©konybĂ©l transzplantáciĂł elĹ‘tt. Kimutattuk, hogy az IPC mindkĂ©t formája fokozta a szövet ischĂ©miás toleranciáját valamennyi prekondĂcionált csoportban. A prekondĂcionálás kiváltotta, az intracellulárisan jelen lĂ©vĹ‘ transcripciĂłs faktor, a nuklearis factor kappa B (NF-kB) aktiváciĂłját. Az aktivitás változás bifázisos jellegű volt mind a citoplazmális, mind a nukleáris NF-kB esetĂ©n. Az általunk alkalmazott legrövidebb IPC ciklus (1 perc ischĂ©mia + 1 perc reperfĂşziĂł) aktiválta a prekondĂcionálási kaszkádot. Ez alátámasztja, hogy a bĂ©lsejtekben is a "minden vagy semmi" törvĂ©ny szerint működik az IPC folyamata. Vizsgálataink további rĂ©szĂ©ben -az elsĹ‘kĂ©nt birka hypotalamusbĂłl izolált peptid-, a hipofĂzis adenilát cikláz aktiválĂł polipeptidnek (pituitary adenylate cyclise activating polypeptide: PACAP) az oxidatĂv stresszre gyakorolt hatását vizsgáltuk. Kimutattuk, hogy a reperfĂşziĂł alatt iv. adott PACAP-38 mĂ©rsĂ©kelte a bĂ©lszövet oxidatĂv károsodását, illetve a bĂ©l struktĂşrája mind a kvalitatĂv, mind a kvantitatĂv mĂ©rĂ©sek alapján jobban megĹ‘rzĹ‘dött a reperfĂşziĂł vĂ©gĂ©re. | Small bowel was the last splanchnic organ to be successfully transplanted. The difficulty stems from the fact, that small bowel is strongly immunogenic and it is one of the most sensitive tissues to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. To eliminate immunological complications we applied bowel autotransplantation models for studying effects of I/R. To decrease ischemic injury ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has been used with different cycles prior to bowel autotransplantation. Our results showed that IPC increased ischemic tolerance in each IPC groups. IPC induced activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), which is localized in intracellular place. Our findings confirmed that both forms of IPC could moderate the severity of oxidative stress prior to preservation and autotransplantation. Moreover, we have demonstrated that after one cycle of I/R the activation of NF-kB increased progressively and steadily. But, further clone of I/R cycles has not resulted in further elevation in activation of NF-kB. So, IPC mechanism in intestinal tissue works by law "all or nothing". Then, we investigated the effect of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) in intestinal I/R model. PACAP was originally isolated as a hypothalamic peptide. It presents in the intestinal tract and plays a central role in its secretion and motility. Our histological and biochemical results showed that iv. administration of PACAP-38 mitigated the intestinal tissue injury
A hazai vĂz- Ă©s csatornamű-ĂĽzemeltetĂ©si piac feltárása, a vĂz Ă©s csatornaközművek árazási, árszabályozási gyakorlatának vizsgálata
Jelen cikk központi tĂ©mája a hazai vĂziközmű-piac jellegzetessĂ©geinek ismertetĂ©se. A szerzĹ‘k tanulmányukban
az árazási kérdésekre fókuszáltak, emellett részletesen vizsgálták a hazai piac működésével kapcsolatos
paramĂ©tereket, mint pĂ©ldául a vĂziközmű-vagyon tulajdonlása, a jelenlegi támogatási rendszer, valamint a vonatkozĂł
jogszabályok. Az árazási módszertanok, valamint a hazai gyakorlat összevetését követően, részletesen
ismertetik a szerzők által feltárt piaci problémákat, és végül az azokra javasolt lehetséges megoldásokat
Preformulation Studies of Furosemide-Loaded Electrospun Nanofibrous Systems for Buccal Administration
Furosemide loaded electrospun fibers were prepared for buccal administration, with the aim of improving the oral bioavailability of the poorly soluble and permeable crystalline drug, which can be achieved by the increased solubility and by the circumvention of the intensive first pass metabolism. The water soluble hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was chosen as a mucoadhesive polymer. In order to improve the electrospinnability of HPC, poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) was used. During the experiments, the total polymer concentration was kept constant at 15% (w/w), and only the ratio of the two polymers (HPC-PVP = 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1) was changed. A combination of rheological measurements with scanning electron microscopic morphological images of electrospun samples was applied for the determination of the optimum composition of the gels for fiber formation. The crystalline–amorphous transition of furosemide was tracked by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A correlation was found between the rheological properties of the polymer solutions and their electrospinnability, and the consequent morphology of the resultant samples. With decreasing HPC ratio of the system, a transition from the spray-dried droplets to the randomly oriented fibrous structures was observed. The results enable the determination of the polymer ratio for the formation of applicable quality of electrospun fibers
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