2,207 research outputs found
Resource allocation, health mobility and adaptation to illness
The increased availability of panel data has made it possible to estimate and measure health mobility for population subgroups who may have systematically different levels of mobility. The objective of this paper is to stimulate discussion on what estimated differences across subgroups may mean for resource allocation. We use a straightforward hypothetical example to investigate the implications of different levels of health mobility on health outcomes, considering in addition the effects of adaptation to illness over time. We also discuss some of the ethical and political implications of health mobility
The effect of diatomaceous earth in live, attenuated infectious bronchitis vaccine, immune responses, and protection against challenge.
Live virus vaccines are commonly used in poultry production, particularly in broilers. Massive application and generation of a protective local mucosal and humoral immunity with no adverse effects is the main goal for this strategy. Live virus vaccines can be improved by adding adjuvants to boost mucosal innate and adaptive responses. In a previous study we showed that diatomaceous earth (DE) can be used as adjuvant in inactivated vaccines. The aim of this study was to test DE as adjuvant in an Ark-DPI live infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccine after ocular or spray application. Titrating the virus alone or after addition of DE showed that DE had no detrimental effect on the vaccine virus. However, adding DE to the vaccine did not induce higher IgG titers in the serum and IgA titers in tears. It also did not affect the frequency of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and monocytes/macrophages in the blood and the spleen determined by flow cytometry. In addition, protection generated against IBV homologous challenges, measured by viral load in tears, respiratory signs and histopathology in tracheas, did not vary when DE was present in the vaccine formulation. Finally, we confirmed through our observations that Ark vaccines administered by hatchery spray cabinet elicit weaker immune responses and protection against an IBV homologous challenge compared to the same vaccine delivered via ocular route
New lambda Bootis stars with a shell
We publish here the second part of our spectroscopic survey at high
dispersion of some known and suspected lambda Bootis stars with a view to
detecting circumstellar shell features. Eight stars of our sample exhibit such
features. These stars are fast rotators, a result which is in line with
Holweger and Rentzsch-Holm's study (1995). The analysis of the photometric data
has allowed us to confirm the exclusion of a few stars misclassified from the
lambda Bootis group.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A Suppl. Se
TUFRG -- a scalable approach for truncated unity functional renormalization group in generic fermionic models
Describing the emergence of phases of condensed matter is one of the central
challenges in physics. For this purpose many numerical and analytical methods
have been developed, each with their own strengths and limitations. The
functional renormalization group is one of these methods bridging between
efficiency and accuracy. In this paper we derive a new truncated unity (TU)
approach unifying real- and momentum space TU, called TUFRG. This formalism
significantly improves the scaling compared to conventional momentum (TU)FRG
when applied to large unit-cell models and models where the translational
symmetry is broken.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Possible Stellar Metallicity Enhancements from the Accretion of Planets
A number of recently discovered extrasolar planet candidates have
surprisingly small orbits, which may indicate that considerable orbital
migration takes place in protoplanetary systems. A natural consequence of
orbital migration is for a series of planets to be accreted, destroyed, and
then thoroughly mixed into the convective envelope of the central star. We
study the ramifications of planet accretion for the final main sequence
metallicity of the star. If maximum disk lifetimes are on the order of 10 Myr,
stars with masses near 1 solar mass are predicted to have virtually no
metallicity enhancement. On the other hand, early F and late A type stars with
masses of 1.5--2.0 solar masses can experience significant metallicity
enhancements due to their considerably smaller convection zones during the
first 10 Myr of pre-main-sequence evolution. We show that the metallicities of
an aggregate of unevolved F stars are consistent with an average star accreting
about 2 Jupiter-mass planets from a protoplanetary disk having a 10 Myr
dispersal time.Comment: 14 pages, AAS LaTeX, 3 figures, accepted to ApJ Letter
Standard Clocks, Orbital Precession and the Cosmological Constant
We discuss the influence of the cosmological constant on the gravitomagnetic clock effect and the gravitational time delay of electromagnetic rays. Moreover, we consider the relative motion of a binary system to linear order in the cosmological constant . The general expression for the effect of on pericenter precession is given for arbitrary orbital eccentricity
Strong Boundary and Trap Potential Effects on Emergent Physics in Ultra-Cold Fermionic Gases
The field of quantum simulations in ultra-cold atomic gases has been
remarkably successful. In principle it allows for an exact treatment of a
variety of highly relevant lattice models and their emergent phases of matter.
But so far there is a lack in the theoretical literature concerning the
systematic study of the effects of the trap potential as well as the finite
size of the systems, as numerical studies of such non periodic, correlated
fermionic lattices models are numerically demanding beyond one dimension. We
use the recently introduced real-space truncated unity functional
renormalization group to study these boundary and trap effects with a focus on
their impact on the superconducting phase of the D Hubbard model. We find
that in the experiments not only lower temperatures need to be reached compared
to current capabilities, but also system size and trap potential shape play a
crucial role to simulate emergent phases of matter.Comment: 21 pages, 9 Figure
Social Psychological Studies of Latin American Cultures with Particular Reference to Brazil
This paper presents an English language translation of a book chapter that was originally published in Portuguese. It is reproduced here in full, by kind permission of the editors and publishers, in order to make it available to English language speakers. The paper first addresses ways of defining culture and the development of measures of cultural variation. Contrasts between the collectivism that defines East Asian culture and the collectivism of Latin America are then identified. Topics addressed include values, self-construal, life satisfaction, emotion, honour culture, social influence and the phenomenon of jeitinho. Although the text leads toward a consideration of research into Brazilian culture, it does so by way of discussing the distinctiveness of Latin American cultures more broadly. Details of comparative studies that have sampled further Latin American cultures have been added at the end.
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