Predictive factors for infertility of women: an univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis

Background and aims: Infertility is a major problem during reproductive age. Physical and psychological effects of infertility in women are problematic. The aim of this study was to determine the potential predictive factors of infertility, among women referring both public and private health centers in Ilam province, western Iran, in 2013. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1013 women referring the health care centers of Ilam province were enrolled in 2013. The participants were selected by simple random sampling method and their demographic, medical and obstetric variables were collected. The univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to predict the potential risk factors of infertility. Results: The husband’s education and occupation showed to be suitable independent predictor variables for infertility by multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR: 1.36 and 2, respectively). Overall percentage of correct classification of the model was 88.7. It means that, considering the husband’s education and women’s occupation, the ability of the model to predict the actual category of the cases was 88.7. Conclusions: It seems that husband education level and women occupation are independent predictive variables. The women at risk of infertility have to be identified and high-quality counseling should be given in order to minimize the complications of infertility in both genders

The measurement of the quercetin of different parts of Tribulus terrestris by HPLC

Background and aims: Tribulus terrestris fruit, leaf, and root have medical effects in the treatment of cancer, viral infections and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The present study was aimed to evaluate the quercetin flavonoid levels from different parts of the Tribulus terrestris collected from different regions of Khuzestan in 2014. Methods: In this experimental study, four parts of the Tribulus terrestris including; fruits, leaves, stems and roots were collected from different regions of Khuzestan including Shushtar, Mollasani and Andimeshk. The analysis was carried out to compare the chemical profile of the different extracts of Tribulus terrorists using reverse phase HPLC with UV detector. The mobile phase that consisted of phosphoric acid buffer with pH=3 and acetonitrile was used for isocratic elution. The flow rate was adjusted to 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was at 203 nm. All separations were performed at ambient temperature. Results: The results reported that the quercetin flavonoid level were highest in the Andimeshk leaves samples (69.57427 ppm). However, the Andimeshk fruits samples (4.141953 ppm) have the lowest levels of the quercetin flavonoid. Conclusion: Considering the cost effectiveness in extracting compounds from medicinal plants, it is recommended to identify the highest level of the quercetin flavonoid in each region and in each part of the plant

General health status among high school students in Ilam: a cross-sectional study

Background and aims: Many factors could affect on the health status. This study aimed to assess the general health status of high-school students in Ilam province in 2014. Methods:This cross– sectional study determined the general health status of high-school students in Ilam, located in west of Iran in 2014. The samples were selected by multi-stage random sampling method. Data were collected by a two-part questionnaire. The first part of the questionnaire included the personal characteristics and the second part of the questionnaire contained General Health Questionnaire- 28 (GHQ-28. Results: A total of 381 students were enrolled in this study. Overall 236 (61.9) of students had healthy status. In addition, 145 (38.1) of all participants had disorder in one or more dimensions of their general health status. The mean±SD of overall score of general health was 5.78±4.53 in healthy status students and 7.83±5.72 in disorder status students. The difference in overall score of general health was statistically significant between healthy and disorder status students (P<0.001). Moreover, the differences in the age, school grade, parental education and number of children living with families were significant between healthy and disorder status students (P<0.05). Conclusion: General health is an important issue among adolescents and high-school students who are at high risk of general health disorder. Therefore, the regular evaluation of their general health status is necessary for planning an appropriate counseling program

Extraction and measurement of the Quercetin flavonoid of Prosopis farcta in Khouzestan climatic condition

Background and aims: Medicinal plants are a valuable resource for flavonoids extraction. Prosopis fracta is one of the plants with medicinal properties. Prosopis fracta was found in abundance in southern regions in Iran. Coersetin is medicinal substance found in the fruit of this plant. Quercetin is used in treatment of cancer and viral infections. This study was conducted to determine the Quercetin flavonoid in Prosopis fracta samples in different regions of Khuzestan. Methods: The Prosopis fracta fruit collected from different regions of Khuzestan (Susangerd, Ahvaz, Abadan, Mollasani, Behbahan and Ramhormoz). The beads were isolated from the fruit. Shell and the flesh were dried in an Oven. The dried materials were mixed and flavonoids extracted with a suitable solvent. The extract was injected into the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system. Then, the compound, Quercetin quantity and standard peak in each sample have been determined. Results: Based on the results, the Susangerd samples (0.0033 mg/ml) and Abadan (0.0008 mg/ml) have maximum and minimum levels of Quercetin flavonoid, respectively. Conclusions: Quercetin flavonoid extracted from Prosopis farcta fruits of Susangerd is richer than other regions of Khuzestan province. Therefore, it is recommended to use the Prosopis fracta fruit grown in Susangerd for extraction of the Quercetin flavonoid

The prevalence and risk factors of mental disorders among students in Ilam: A cross-sectional study

Background and aims: Students experience some degrees of mental disorders during their life. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of mental disorders among the secondary school students in Ilam, Iran. Methods: This is a cross sectional study, carried out among the secondary school students in Ilam, Iran. We assessed 841 students including 446 males and 395 females from all grades of secondary school. A multistage cluster sampling method was used. Data were collected using two instruments including both demographic information questionnaire and DSM-IV. SPSS software was used to analyze the data of this project. Results: Totally, 841 secondary students were studied. Overall 34.96 of all the participants of the study had mental disorders. The Mean ± SD of participants' age and gender has not significant differences between groups (P>0.05). The results show that anxiety disorders are the most common disorder among the study population. Although no one in the study population had an adaptation disorders. Conclusion: About a third of students in Ilam province experience the mental disorders. So, we suggest that the school counselors consider pay attention to this important issue in their consulting planning

The factors influencing on knowledge, attitudes, and practices in women with breast cancer referring to health centers of Ilam in 2013

Background&amp; Aims: The mortality rate for breast cancer is directly related to the stage of disease at diagnosis. The present study aimed to determine the influencing factors on knowledge, attitudes, and practices of women regarding breast cancer and its screening methods. Material &amp; Methods: In a cross- sectional study, evaluated 383 women referring health centers of Ilam. Sampling was done in two stages. The inclusion criteria were included healthy women with least literate. Data was collected by a two part questionnaire including demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitudes and practices of women regarding breast cancer and its screening methods. Data were analyzed by chi-square and t-test in SPSS-16 software and a significance level of 0.05. Results: The Mean ± SD knowledge score was 22.43 ± 11.01. The Mean ± SD attitude and performance score were 29.08 ± 3.34 and 3.52 ± 1.66 respectively. There was a significant correlation between age, occupation and education with knowledge, attitude and practice of women about breast cancer and its screening methods (P 0.05). Conclusion: However, half of the participants had good knowledge about breast cancer and screening procedures, but also, all participants with good knowledge hadn’t good practice. Therefore, it is necessary further training to enhance awareness and more research to identifying barriers to women's performance

Comparison of the effect of delivery type on the quality of life in women attending to health centers of Ilam and Aivan during 2013

زمینه و هدف: در دوره پس از زایمان برخی تغییرات جسمی، روحی و اجتماعی در مادر بوجود می آید که بر کیفیت زندگی مادران و خانواده هایشان تأثیر می گذارد. با توجه به اهمیت کیفیت زندگی و دوره بعد از زایمان و عوامل موثر بر کیفیت زندگی پس از زایمان، از جمله نوع زایمان، این مطالعه به منظور مقایسه کیفیت زندگی زنان با زایمان طبیعی و سزارین در هشت هفته بعد از زایمان انجام شد. روش بررسی: این مطالعه توصیفی - تحلیلی بر روی100 خانم 35-18 ساله مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهرهای ایلام و ایوان در سال 1392 که معیارهای ورود به مطالعه را داشتند انجام شد. کیفیت زندگی نمونه ها در 2 تا 8 هفته اول بعد از زایمان، با استفاده از ابزار کیفیت زندگی SF-36 ارزیابی و مورد بررسی و مقایسه قرار گرفت. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد میانگین نمره حیطه جسمانی کیفیت زندگی در گروه زایمان با روش طبیعی 77/17 ± 60/76 و بالاتر از میانگین نمره گروه زایمان با روش سزارین (72/17 ± 10/54) بود. همچنین میانگین نمره حیطه روانی کیفیت زندگی در گروه زایمان با روش طبیعی 04/19 ± 60/67 بود که این میزان بالاتر از میانگین گروه زایمان با روش سزارین (71/15 ± 60/63) می باشد. آزمون تی تفاوت معنی داری را بین دو گروه در حیطه های جسمانی و روانی کیفیت زندگی نشان داد (

Comparison of the effect of licorice vaginal cream and estrogen vaginal cream on sexual function of postmenopausal women: An RCT

Background: Menopause is a stage in woman’s life that some women experience in middle age and some at a younger age (premature menopause). Low levels of ovarian hormones, during menopause can lead to various complications. Menopause is one of the factors that can affect a woman’s sexual function. Objective: The present study was conducted to compare the effect of licorice vaginal cream and estrogen vaginal cream on the sexual function of postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 82 postmenopausal women who were referred to health centers in Ilam, Iran from July to November 2020 were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 41/each). One group was given estrogen vaginal cream 2%, and the other vaginal licorice cream 2%. Participants used the 2 medications for 14-day periods each. We used the finite randomization method. Data collection questionnaires, including a demographic information questionnaire before treatment and a female sexual function index questionnaire were completed before, one month after the medication, and 2 months after using the medication. Results: The mean score of sexual function in the licorice group was 17.86 ± 4.37 and increased to 20.31 ± 4.63 at the end of the study. The mean score of sexual function in the estrogen group was 17.14 ± 3.99 and increased to 22.97 ± 5.09 at the end of the study (p = 0.015). Conclusion: The effect of estrogen vaginal cream on the sexual function of postmenopausal women was greater than licorice vaginal cream. Key words: Vagina, Post menopause, Glycyrrhiza, Estrogens

Compare the quality of life in fertile and infertile women attending public

Background and aim: Infertile women experience many problems in their life. Evaluation the quality of lifein infertile makes the healthcare provider aware of their needs for providing quality care. The aim of presentstudy was to compare the quality of life in fertile and infertile women attending public and private centers IIlam,Iran.Methods and material : In a cross - sectional study , quality of life of a group of infertile and fertilewomen attending to public and private health care centers of Ilam in 2013 was compared. Simple randomsampling method was used. Inclusion criteria consisted of: being married, age between 15-49 years , nonpregnantand non-lactating. Postmenopausal women with known physical and mental illness, or a history ofthem were excluded. Data were collected by the quality of life questionnaires SF-36 and demographicquestionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, chi-square test and t-test.Results: 450 women participated in the present study . Mean age in women of fertile group was 32.17± 3.09years and in infertile women 35.93± 8.07, respectively. The mean scores for physical functioning, rolelimitations due to physical problems, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due toemotional problems and mental health were significantly different in fertile and infertile women. But thephysical pain scores were not significantly different in fertile and infertile women.Conclusion: The physical and mental dimensions of quality of life scores was lower in infertile women incomparison to fertile women group . Therefore it is important to provide support and education to improvequality of life in infertile women.Key words: Infertility, quality of life, SF-3

Comparison of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and lidocaine on episiotomy complication in primiparous women: A randomized clinical trial

Introduction: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) through the skin is a nonpharmacological method of pain relief. The present study aimed to compare TENS and lidocaine on episiotomy complication in primiparous women. Material and Methods: In a randomized, controlled clinical trial, 80 participants were included from March to July 2011 at the antenatal clinic and postdelivery ward in the Social Security Organization Hospital, Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, visual analog scale and redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge, and approximation scales. The participants were randomized into two groups with equal number of participants. All participants received 5 cc of local infiltration of 1% lidocaine before episiotomy, and TENS electrodes were placed on He Gu and Shenmen points during the crowning of fetal head. The TENS group received TENS with 100; 250 μs, the output range of 15–20 mm amplifier from crowning of first stage of labor to the end of the episiotomy repairing. The lidocaine group received 10 cc of local infiltration of 1% lidocaine before episiotomy repair while did not receive TENS electrodes. The pain intensity during and after episiotomy repair was recorded. Results: TENS and lidocaine have similar effects on pain relief at the episiotomy cutting, the start of the episiotomy repair, and at end of the episiotomy repair; however, the pain relief of both the interventions was different during the episiotomy repair. The effect of TENS in reducing edema was statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusions: TENS and lidocaine are effective for the episiotomy complications during and after episiotomy repair