Potasyumun Domateste Kök-Ur Nematodu (Meloidogyne İncognita) Üzerine Etkisi

DergiPark: 791859tujesBu çalışmada; kök-ur nematodunun, domates bitkisi üzerindeki zararının potasyumla azaltılması amaçlanmıştır. Deneme bitki yetiştirme odasında; potasyumun 4 farklı dozu (10, 20, 40, 80 mg kg-1 K) ve 2 farklı nematod durumuyla (var, yok) 4 tekerrürlü olarak tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre kurulmuştur. Bitkiler kum kültüründe, Hoagland besin solüsyonuyla yetiştirilmiştir. Bitkinin stresten etkilenme seviyesini değerlendirmek için hasattan sonra yaprak oransal su içeriği, membran zararlanması, klorofil a, klorofil b, toplam klorofil ve karotenoid içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Denemeden elde edilen veriler MINITAB 17.0 istatistik programıyla değerlendirilmiştir.Sonuçlara göre; köklerde ki urlanmalar, 0-10 ur skalasına göre düşük potasyum dozlarında (10, 20 mg kg-1 K) yüksek potasyum dozlarına (40, 80 mg kg-1 K) göre artmıştır. Potasyum uygulamaları ölçümleri yapılan parametreleri istatistiksel olarak etkilememiştir. Nematodun her iki (evet, hayır) durumunda da, potasyum dozu arttıkça, yaprak oransal su içeriği artarken, membran zararı azalmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre potasyum uygulamasının domates bitkilerinde kök-ur nematodunun (Meloidogyne incognita) verdiği zararı hafifletebileceği söylenebilmektedir

Knowledge and Behaviors of Family Physicians in Düzce

Amaç: Düzce’de görevli aile hekimlerinin akılcı ilaç kullanımına (AİK) yönelik bilgi ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı çalışmada Düzce’deki 31 Aile Sağlığı Merkezinde görev yapan 114 aile hekimi çalışmanın evrenini oluşturdu. Örneklem alınmadı, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden tüm hekimler çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Veri toplama aracı olarak Sağlık Bakanlığının (SB) hazırladığı 17 sorudan oluşan Hekim Değerlendirme Formu kullanıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya 106 AH katılmıştır. Hekimlerin %91,5’i (n97) mezuniyet sonrası meslek içi eğitimlerine katılırken, AİK konusunda %85,8’i (n91) eğitim almıştır. Hekimlerin %82,4’ü (n75) SB’den, %34,1’i (n31) tıp fakültelerinden AİK eğitimi almıştır. Hekimlerden mesleğinde 10 yıldan az çalışanların %44,7’si (n21) 10 yıldan fazla çalışanların %22,7’si (n10) tıp fakülteleri tarafından verilen AİK eğitimi almıştır (p0,03). SB tarafından verilen AİK eğitiminde gruplar arasında fark bulunmamıştır (p0,34). Hekimlerin %23,6’sı (n25) beklenmeyen advers etkilerin bildirimini yapmıştır. AH’ler reçeteleme yaparken bilgi kaynaklarından %94,3 (n100) oranında yararlanmaktadır. Hekimlerin reçeteleme yaparken en çok faydalandığı bilgi kaynağı internettir.Sonuç: Örgün tıp eğitimi sırasında tıp fakültelerinin AİK eğitimine verdiği önemin artırılması gerektiği görülmektedir. Bulgular hekimlerin ilaç bilgisi, reçeteleme konusunda kaynak olarak daha çok interneti kullanması; internet üzerinden kolay, ücretsiz ulaşılabilecek güvenilir kaynaklar oluşturulması ve hekimlere tanıtımı yapılması gerektiğini düşündürmektedir. Hekimlerin ilaç advers etkilerini yeterince bildirmediği görülmektedir. İlaç advers etkilerinin bildiriminin önemi hekimlere anlatılmalıdır.Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes on rational drug use of family physicians working in Düzce.Methods: In this study, 114 family physicians in the 31 Family Health Centers in Düzce formed the universe of in the study. Sample was not taken. All physicians who agreed to participate in the study were included in the study. Physician Evaluation Form that consisting of 17 questions prepared by the Ministry of Health was used as a data collection tool.Results: 106 family physicians participated in the study. 97 physicians (91,5%) attended post-graduate vocational training while 92 physicians (86,8%) were trained on Rational Drug Use (RDU). 75 of the physicians (82,4%) were educated by the Ministry of Health and 31 (34,1%) of the physicians were educated by the medical faculties on RDU. 21 (44,7%) of less than ten years of working physicians, 10 (22,7%) of more than ten years of working physicians were educated about the rational drug use given by the medical faculty (p0,03). There is no difference between this groups in the RDU training given by the health ministry (p0,34). Twenty-five of the physicians (23,6%) reported unexpected adverse effects. 94,3% of physicians use the information sources when prescribing. The most useful source of information for physicians when prescribing is the internet.Conclusion: It seems that, the importance of to the training of RDU during medical education in medical faculties should be increased. Findings suggest that physicians use the internet more as a source of information of medicine and prescribing. Therefore reliable resources should be established that can be accessed easily over the internet and this resources should be introduced to physicians. Physicians do not adequately report adverse drug effects. The importance of the notification of drug adverse effects should be explained to physicians

Synuclein-gamma predicts poor clinical outcome in esophageal cancer patients

The synuclein gamma (SNCG) protein, a member of neuronal protein family synuclein, has been considered as a promising potential biomarker as an indicator of cancer stage and survival in patients with cancer. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of SNCG in patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC). SNCG levels were assessed immunohistochemically in cancer tissues from 73 EC patients. Median age was 57 (range, 29-78) years old. Forty-seven percent of the patients were male. Thirty-seven percent of the patients had upper or middle localized tumor whereas 59 % had epidermoid carcinoma. More than half of the patients (61 %) had undergone operation where 57 % received adjuvant treatment including chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. Median overall survival was 11.3 +/- 1.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.7-14.9 months). SNCG positivity was significantly associated with the histological type of EC and inoperability (for SNCG positive vs. negative group; epidermoid 80 vs. 53 %; p=0.05 and inoperable 59 vs. 32 %; p=0.04, respectively). Lymph node metastasis, inoperability and receiving no adjuvant treatment had significantly adverse effect on survival in the univariate analysis (p=0.01, p< 0.001, and p=0.001, respectively). SNCG positivity had significantly adverse effect on survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis (p=0.02 and p=0.01, respectively). Our results are the first to suggest that SNCG is a new independent predictor for poor prognosis in EC patients in the literature

Synuclein-gamma predicts poor clinical outcome in esophageal cancer patients

The synuclein gamma (SNCG) protein, a member of neuronal protein family synuclein, has been considered as a promising potential biomarker as an indicator of cancer stage and survival in patients with cancer. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of SNCG in patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC). SNCG levels were assessed immunohistochemically in cancer tissues from 73 EC patients. Median age was 57 (range, 29-78) years old. Forty-seven percent of the patients were male. Thirty-seven percent of the patients had upper or middle localized tumor whereas 59 % had epidermoid carcinoma. More than half of the patients (61 %) had undergone operation where 57 % received adjuvant treatment including chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. Median overall survival was 11.3 +/- 1.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.7-14.9 months). SNCG positivity was significantly associated with the histological type of EC and inoperability (for SNCG positive vs. negative group; epidermoid 80 vs. 53 %; p=0.05 and inoperable 59 vs. 32 %; p=0.04, respectively). Lymph node metastasis, inoperability and receiving no adjuvant treatment had significantly adverse effect on survival in the univariate analysis (p=0.01, p< 0.001, and p=0.001, respectively). SNCG positivity had significantly adverse effect on survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis (p=0.02 and p=0.01, respectively). Our results are the first to suggest that SNCG is a new independent predictor for poor prognosis in EC patients in the literature