Delimited Massively Parallel Algorithm based on Rules Elimination for Application of Active Rules in Transition P Systems

In the field of Transition P systems implementation, it has been determined that it is very important to determine in advance how long takes evolution rules application in membranes. Moreover, to have time estimations of rules application in membranes makes possible to take important decisions related to hardware/software architectures design. The work presented here introduces an algorithm for applying active evolution rules in Transition P systems, which is based on active rules elimination. The algorithm complies the requisites of being nondeterministic, massively parallel, and what is more important, it is time delimited because it is only dependant on the number of membrane evolution rules

Autoconcepto en educación física para mejorar la salud escolar pospandemia

Self-concept is one of the key aspects of personality development. It is relevant because it affects how a person sees him/herself and how he/she relates to others. During adolescence, self-perception tends to be highly variable due to the inherent changes of this stage, being a critical period in which to foster a healthy and confident personality. Add to this the critical circumstances experienced during the pandemic and it becomes a bombshell. Physical education classes, can promote the self-concept and improve school health. The aim of the study was to analyse self-concept in Spanish adolescents of physical education by sex, school location, age, educational level and body mass index (BMI) after the pandemic. A crosssectional study of 961 students’ physical education classes in public schools in Extremadura (Spain) was obtained and administered the Self-Concept Questionnaire version 5 (AF-5). The results showed that there is an association between AF-5 and sex, where adolescent girls have lower self-concept; there is a slight inverse relationship between AF-5 with age and BMI and there is no significant association between AF-5 and school location. In conclusion, knowing the relevant factors of self-concept after covid allows the educational community to implement tools for the optimal development of self-concept in Physical Education students, thus performance of adolescents.El autoconcepto es uno de los aspectos clave del desarrollo de la personalidad. Es relevante porque afecta cómo una persona se ve a sí misma y cómo se relaciona con los demás. Durante la adolescencia la autopercepción suele ser muy variable debido a los cambios inherentes a esta etapa, siendo un periodo crítico para fomentar una personalidad sana y segura. Si a esto le sumamos las circunstancias críticas vividas durante la pandemia, se convierte en un bombazo. Las clases de educación física, pueden favorecer el autoconcepto y mejorar la salud escolar. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el autoconcepto en adolescentes españoles de educación física según sexo, localización escolar, edad, nivel educativo e índice de masa corporal (IMC) tras la pandemia. Se realizó un estudio transversal de 961 alumnos de clases de educación física de colegios públicos de Extremadura (España), a los que se les aplicó el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto versión 5 (AF-5). Los resultados mostraron que existe asociación entre AF-5 y el sexo, donde las adolescentes tienen un menor autoconcepto; existe una ligera relación inversa entre AF-5 con la edad y el IMC y no existe una asociación significativa entre AF-5 y la ubicación de la escuela. En conclusión, conocer los factores relevantes del autoconcepto post covid permite a la comunidad educativa implementar herramientas para el óptimo desarrollo del autoconcepto en los estudiantes de Educación Física y con ello del desempeño de los adolescentes

Prediction of the Wine Price Purchased Using Classification Trees

The wine market is expected to recover and growth in the following years. Although the market size of this market is small in Mexico; efforts are being made to promote national wines.  To support these actions, the current study aims to explore consumers’ decision to pay for a low versus high priced wine according to wine attributes and external influences. A total of 290 wine consumers, knowledgeable about wines, participated in an online survey that took place in the Northwest part of Mexico. The relevance that eleven attributes have on the wine price was assessed through the application of classification trees, a method that has not been previously applied to explore wine purchase decisions. The result indicate consumers are mainly driven by price than the wine attributes. However, relevant attributes for consumers of low-priced wines (less than 20 USD) include “label information” “awards” and “previous tasting”. By contrast, purchase decision of consumers of pricey wines are mainly driven by “country or region of origin” and “vineyard recognition”. The study findings offer provide suggestions on the wine attribute wineries and marketers should focus on to meet the current consumers’ preferences depending on the price-sensitivity and wine knowledge of target segments

Germline BRCA1 mutation reprograms breast epithelial cell metabolism towards mitochondrial-dependent biosynthesis : evidence for metformin-based "starvation" strategies in BRCA1 carriers

Altres ajuts: This work was supported by grants from the European Regional Development Fund [FEDER] to JJ and Grant CD12/00672 to SFA), co-founded by theand Departament d'Economia I Coneixement, Catalonia, Spain.Altres ajuts: MSCBS/CD15-00033We hypothesized that women inheriting one germline mutation of the BRCA1 gene ("one-hit") undergo cell-type-specific metabolic reprogramming that supports the high biosynthetic requirements of breast epithelial cells to progress to a fully malignant phenotype. Targeted metabolomic analysis was performed in isogenic pairs of nontumorigenic human breast epithelial cells in which the knock-in of 185delAG mutation in a single BRCA1 allele leads to genomic instability. Mutant BRCA1 one-hit epithelial cells displayed constitutively enhanced activation of biosynthetic nodes within mitochondria. This metabolic rewiring involved the increased incorporation of glutamine- and glucose-dependent carbon into tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolite pools to ultimately generate elevated levels of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, the major building blocks for lipid biosynthesis. The significant increase of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) including the anabolic trigger leucine, which can not only promote protein translation via mTOR but also feed into the TCA cycle via succinyl-CoA, further underscored the anabolic reprogramming of BRCA1 haploinsufficient cells. The anti-diabetic biguanide metformin "reversed" the metabolomic signature and anabolic phenotype of BRCA1 one-hit cells by shutting down mitochondria-driven generation of precursors for lipogenic pathways and reducing the BCAA pool for protein synthesis and TCA fueling. Metformin-induced restriction of mitochondrial biosynthetic capacity was sufficient to impair the tumor-initiating capacity of BRCA1 one-hit cells in mammosphere assays. Metabolic rewiring of the breast epithelium towards increased anabolism might constitute an unanticipated and inherited form of metabolic reprogramming linked to increased risk of oncogenesis in women bearing pathogenic germline BRCA1 mutations. The ability of metformin to constrain the production of mitochondrial-dependent biosynthetic intermediates might open a new avenue for "starvation" chemopreventive strategies in BRCA1 carriers

Chaos and stability in a two-parameter family of convex billiard tables

We study, by numerical simulations and semi-rigorous arguments, a two-parameter family of convex, two-dimensional billiard tables, generalizing the one-parameter class of oval billiards of Benettin--Strelcyn [Phys. Rev. A 17, 773 (1978)]. We observe interesting dynamical phenomena when the billiard tables are continuously deformed from the integrable circular billiard to different versions of completely-chaotic stadia. In particular, we conjecture that a new class of ergodic billiard tables is obtained in certain regions of the two-dimensional parameter space, when the billiards are close to skewed stadia. We provide heuristic arguments supporting this conjecture, and give numerical confirmation using the powerful method of Lyapunov-weighted dynamics.Comment: 19 pages, 13 figures. Submitted for publication. Supplementary video available at http://sistemas.fciencias.unam.mx/~dsanders

Accelerated geroncogenesis in hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome

The geroncogenesis hypothesis postulates that the decline in metabolic cellular health that occurs naturally with aging drives a "field effect" predisposing normal tissues for cancer development. We propose that mutations in the cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1/2 might trigger "accelerated geroncogenesis" in breast and ovarian epithelia. By speeding up the rate at which the metabolic threshold becomes "permissive" with survival and expansion of genomically unstable pre-tumoral epithelial cells, BRCA haploinsufficiency-driven metabolic reprogramming would operate as a bona fide oncogenic event enabling malignant transformation and tumor formation in BRCA carriers. The metabolic facet of BRCA1 one-hit might involve tissue-specific alterations in acetyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate, NAD +, FAD, or S-adenosylmethionine, critical factors for de/methylation or de/acetylation dynamics in the nuclear epigenome. This in turn might induce faulty epigenetic reprogramming at the "install phase" that directs cell-specific differentiation of breast/ovarian epithelial cells, which can ultimately determine the penetrance of BRCA defects during developmental windows of susceptibility. This model offers a framework to study whether metabolic drugs that prevent or revert metabolic reprogramming induced by BRCA haploinsufficiency might displace the "geroncogenic risk" of BRCA carriers to the age typical for those without the mutation. The identification of the key nodes that directly communicate changes in cellular metabolism to the chromatin in BRCA haploinsufficient cells may allow the epigenetic targeting of genomic instability using exclusively metabolic means. The validation of accelerated geroncogenesis as an inherited "one-hit" metabolic "field effect" might offer new strategies to therapeutically revisit the apparently irreversible genetic-hereditary fate of women with hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome

Evaluación de la Actividad Hipoglicemiante del Extracto Acuoso de Abuta grandifolia (Mart.) en Ratas con Diabetes Inducida por Aloxano

Abuta grandifolia is a native plant from the Amazon region, traditionally used in the control of diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reducing the glucose level when the aqueous extract (AE) ofA. grandifolia (Mart.) is orally administered in diabetic rats induced by alloxan. Thirty Sprague Dawley male rats, 3-month-old, body weight of 240 ± 10 g were used. The animals were distributed in six groups (negative control, positive control, treated with three doses of the AE [100, 250 and 500 mg/kg] and treated with glibenclamide [10 mg/kg]). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (100 mg/kg). Blood glucose levels were measured by an electronic glucometer (Accu-ChekActive). The glibenclamide and the AE ofA. grandifolia in doses of 100 and 250 mg/kg showed a hypoglycemic effect; however, the 250 mg/kg dose had the best effect between 6 and 72 hour post administration. It is concluded that AE of A. grandifolia (Mart.) (oral dose of 250 mg/kg) decreased blood glucose (p<0.05) in diabetic rats induced by alloxan.Abuta grandifolia es una planta natural de la región amazónica, utilizada popularmente en el control de la diabetes mellitus. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la eficacia reductora del nivel de glicemia del extracto acuoso (EA) de A. grandifolia (Mart.) administrado vía oral en ratas diabéticas inducidas por aloxano. Se usaron 30 ratas machos de tres meses de edad, cepa Sprague Dawley con peso de 240 ± 10 g. Los animales fueron distribuidos en seis grupos (control negativo, control positivo, tratados con tres dosis del EA [100, 250 y 500 mg/kg] y tratados con glibenclamida [10 mg/kg]). La diabetes fue inducida por inyección intraperitoneal de aloxano (100 mg/kg). Los niveles de glucosa en sangre fueron determinados usando un glucómetro electrónico (AccuChek Active). La glibenclamida y los EA de A. grandifolia en dosis de 100 y 250 mg/kg tuvieron efecto hipoglicemiante; sin embargo, la dosis de 250 mg/kg tuvo mejor efecto a partir de las 6 horas y hasta las 72 horas de su administración. Se concluye que el EA de A. grandifolia (Mart.) en dosis oral de 250 mg/kg disminuye la glicemia (p<0.05) en ratas con diabetes inducida por aloxano

Phenomenology of symmetry breaking from extra dimensions

Motivated by the electroweak hierarchy problem, we consider theories with two extra dimensions in which the four-dimensional scalar fields are components of gauge boson in full space. We explore the Nielsen-Olesen instability for SU(N) on a torus, in the presence of a magnetic background. A field theory approach is developed, computing explicitly the minimum of the complete effective potential, including tri-linear and quartic couplings and determining the symmetries of the stable vacua. We also develop appropriate gauge-fixing terms when both Kaluza-Klein and Landau levels are present and interacting, discussing the interplay between the possible six and four dimensional choices. The equivalence between coordinate dependent and constant Scherk-Schwarz boundary conditions -associated to either continuous or discrete Wilson lines- is analyzed.Comment: 39 pages and 8 eps figures. Few changes in section

Physical literacy in older adults : a scoping review protocol

Population aging is a prominent phenomenon worldwide. The increase in physical inactivity and co-morbid diseases poses a major challenge to current community health policies. Physical activity guidelines recommended for older people have not been met by this population group. For this reason, a new model, physical literacy, is being innovated and has gained global attention and has emerged as an effective and innovative active aging strategy to improve physical activity participation of this vulnerable group. However, the evidence on physical literacy in the older adult so far is brief and diffuse. Therefore, the aim was to conduct a scoping review protocol to identify and map physical literacy in older people. This scoping review protocol was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute Method. The search will be performed on Embase, IBSS ProQuest, Medline OVID, PsycINFO Ebsco, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Social Services Abstracts ProQuest, Sociological Abstracts ProQuest, Web of Science ISI, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane Library, and ERIC Ebsco databases. All types of studies published since 2001 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese examining physical literacy over the lifespan of older adults were included. Two independent reviewers will organize and select studies according to the objectives and questions of the scoping review. The selected publications will be organized and summarized using a checklist proposed by the PRISMA- ScR. Qualitative data analysis (thematic analysis) will be performed to identify meanings and patterns to answer the research question. The final scoping review will present the main evidence available, key concepts/definitions, research conducted, and knowledge gaps related to physical literacy in older adults, leading to strategies to improve the community health of this population, as well as health literacy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Components determining the slowness of information processing in parkinson’s disease.

Introduction Bradyphrenia is a key cognitive feature in Parkinson's disease (PD). There is no consensus on whether information processing speed is impaired or not beyond motor performance. Objective This study aims to explore which perceptual, motor, or cognitive components of information processing are involved in the slowdown affecting cognitive performance. Methods The study included 48 patients with PD (age: 63, 3 ± 8, 18; HY I-III; UPDRS 15,46 ± 7,76) and 53 healthy controls (age: 60,09 ± 12,83). Five reaction time (RT) tasks were administered to all participants. The average RT in each of the tasks and the percentage of correct answers were measured. Patients with PD were in "ON state" at the time of the evaluation. Perceptual, motor, and cognitive components were isolated by means of a series of ANCOVAs. Results As expected, the motor component was slowed down in patients with PD. Moreover, while patients with PD showed slower RT than controls in all tasks, differences between groups did not exponentially increase with the increasing task complexity. ANCOVA analyses also revealed that the perceptual and sustained alert component resulted to be slowed down, with no differences being found in any of the remaining isolated cognitive components (i.e., response strategy-inhibition, decisional, visual search, or interference control). Conclusions The results revealed that slowness of information processing in PD was mainly associated with an impaired processing speed of the motor and perceptual-alertness components analyzed. The results may help designing new neurorehabilitation strategies, focusing on the improvement of perceptual and alertness mechanisms.post-print534 K