Economie politique de la LOLF.

La loi organique sur les lois de finances (LOLF), adoptée en 2001, est pleinement mise en application depuis janvier 2006. Cette loi s'inscrit dans un mouvement visant « à substituer un fonctionnement managérial à un fonctionnement juridique » basé sur deux grands principes : l'amélioration de la gestion publique et la transparence. Moins d'un an après la pleine mise en oeuvre de la LOLF et un an après le démarrage des audits de modernisation, ministère par ministère, qui l'accompagnent, ce rapport vise à souligner les enjeux de la réforme budgétaire pour l'État, pour l'organisation administrative et le management public, mais aussi pour l'économie française. Quatre questions sont successivement abordées, avec à l'appui des compléments figurant en annexe de ce rapport et rédigés par différentes personnalités : quels sont les principaux fondements de la réforme budgétaire ? Quelles leçons tirer des expériences menées en la matière à l'étranger ? Quels sont les principaux apports et défis de la LOLF ? Quelles principales recommandations déduire de ce « voyage » dans le nouvel espace budgétaire français ?This report focuses on the principles presiding over the implementation of the LOLF, which, the authors note, is part of a movement towards ‘the substitution of managerial functioning for legal functioning’ based on two major principles: the improvement of public sector management and transparency.LOLF;

DOCK8 deficiency impairs CD8 T cell survival and function in humans and mice

In humans, DOCK8 immunodeficiency syndrome is characterized by severe cutaneous viral infections. Thus, CD8 T cell function may be compromised in the absence of DOCK8. In this study, by analyzing mutant mice and humans, we demonstrate a critical, intrinsic role for DOCK8 in peripheral CD8 T cell survival and function. DOCK8 mutation selectively diminished the abundance of circulating naive CD8 T cells in both species, and in DOCK8-deficient humans, most CD8 T cells displayed an exhausted CD45RA+CCR7? phenotype. Analyses in mice revealed the CD8 T cell abnormalities to be cell autonomous and primarily postthymic. DOCK8 mutant naive CD8 T cells had a shorter lifespan and, upon encounter with antigen on dendritic cells, exhibited poor LFA-1 synaptic polarization and a delay in the first cell division. Although DOCK8 mutant T cells underwent near-normal primary clonal expansion after primary infection with recombinant influenza virus in vivo, they showed greatly reduced memory cell persistence and recall. These findings highlight a key role for DOCK8 in the survival and function of human and mouse CD8 T cells

DOCK8 deficiency impairs CD8 T cell survival and function in humans and mice

As shown by analysis of mice and humans bearing DOCK8-inactivating mutations, DOCK8 plays a cell-autonomous role in survival of naive CD8 T cells, LFA-1 polarization toward the immune synapse, and CD8 T cell memory and recall responses following viral infection

Updated Guidance Regarding The Risk ofAllergic Reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines and Recommended Evaluation and Management: A GRADE Assessment, and International Consensus Approach

This guidance updates 2021 GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) recommendations regarding immediate allergic reactions following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and addresses revaccinating individuals with first-dose allergic reactions and allergy testing to determine revaccination outcomes. Recent meta-analyses assessed the incidence of severe allergic reactions to initial COVID-19 vaccination, risk of mRNA-COVID-19 revaccination after an initial reaction, and diagnostic accuracy of COVID-19 vaccine and vaccine excipient testing in predicting reactions. GRADE methods informed rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendations. A modified Delphi panel consisting of experts in allergy, anaphylaxis, vaccinology, infectious diseases, emergency medicine, and primary care from Australia, Canada, Europe, Japan, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States formed the recommendations. We recommend vaccination for persons without COVID-19 vaccine excipient allergy and revaccination after a prior immediate allergic reaction. We suggest against \u3e 15-minute postvaccination observation. We recommend against mRNA vaccine or excipient skin testing to predict outcomes. We suggest revaccination of persons with an immediate allergic reaction to the mRNA vaccine or excipients be performed by a person with vaccine allergy expertise in a properly equipped setting. We suggest against premedication, split-dosing, or special precautions because of a comorbid allergic history

Catalogue of music in the Library of Christ Church, Oxford,

"This catalogue of the ms. music preserved in the Christ church Library is based upon that made in 1845-7 by the Rev. H. E. Havergal."--Introd."Principal printed collections to which [reference is made]": pt. I, p. x-xi.Mode of access: Internet