General Survey of Polarization Observables in Deuteron Electrodisintegration

Polarization observables in inclusive and exclusive electrodisintegration of the deuteron using a polarized beam and an oriented target are systematically surveyed using the standard nonrelativistic framework of nuclear theory but with leading order relativistic contributions included. The structure functions and the asymmetries corresponding to the various nucleon polarization components are studied in a variety of kinematic regions with respect to their sensitivity to realistic $NN$-potential models, to subnuclear degrees of freedom in terms of meson exchange currents, isobar configurations and to relativistic effects in different kinematical regions, serving as a benchmark for a test of present standard nuclear theory with effective degrees of freedom.Comment: 56 pages, 32 figures, revtex

The generalized Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule for deuteron electrodisintegration

The generalized Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule $I^{GDH}_{\gamma^*d}(Q^2)$ for deuteron electrodisintegration $d(e,e')np$ as function of the squared four-momentum transfer $Q^2$ is evaluated by explicit integration. The calculation is based on a conventional nonrelativistic framework using a realistic $NN$-potential and including contributions from meson exchange currents, isobar configurations and leading order relativistic terms. Good convergence is achieved. The prominent feature is a deep negative minimum, $I_{\gamma^* d}^{GDH}=-9.5$ mb, at low $Q^2\approx 0.2$ fm$^{-2}$ which is almost exclusively driven by the nucleon isovector anomalous magnetic moment contribution to the magnetic dipole transition to the $^1S_0$-state. Above $Q^2=20$ fm$^{-2}$ the integral $I^{GDH}_{\gamma^*}(Q^2)$ approaches zero rapidly.Comment: 6 pages Revtex4, 4 figure

Hadron Structure Studied with the Electromagnetic Probe - from Giant Resonances to Meson Production

The development of theoretical photonuclear physics over the last 40 years is illustrated by a few selected examples highlighting a number of important issues like collective motion in nuclei, the role of subnuclear degrees of freedom, relativity and meson production.Comment: 10 pages latex including 10 figures, invited talk presented at the Symposium on Fundamental Issues in Elementary Matter, Sept. 25-29, 2000, Bad Honnef, German

Spin asymmetry and GDH sum rule for real and virtual photons for the deuteron

An explicit evaluation of the spin asymmetry of the deuteron and the associated GDH sum rule is presented which includes disintegration, single and double pion and eta production. For the GDH integral a large cancellation is found between the disintegration channel and the meson production channels. Furthermore, first results for the contribution of the disintegration channel to the generalized GDH integral at constant four-momentum transfer reveal a dominance of the isovector M1 transition to the $^1$S$_0$-state near threshold resulting in a negative contribution with a minimum around $Q^2\approx 0.2$ fm$^{-2}$ which is driven by the nucleon anomalous isovector magnetic moment.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, World Scientific style, invited talk at GDH 2004 Symposiu

On the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule for the deuteron

The Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule is evaluated for the deuteron by explicit integration up to 550 MeV including contributions from the photodisintegration channel and from coherent and incoherent single pion production as well. The photodisintegration channel converges fast enough in this energy range and gives a large negative contribution, essentially from the $^1S_0$ resonant state near threshold. Its absolute value is about the same size as the sum of proton and neutron GDH values. It is only partially cancelled by the single pion production contribution. But the incoherent channel has not reached convergence at 550 MeV.Comment: 6 pages latex including 3 postscript figures, talk at the 15th Int. Conf. on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Groningen, Netherlands, 22-26 July 1997. To be published in Nucl. Phys.

Skewed recoil polarization in (e,e'p) reactions from polarized nuclei

The general formalism describing $\vec{A}(\vec{e},e'\vec{p})B$ reactions, involving polarization of the electron beam, target and ejected proton, is presented within the framework of the relativistic plane wave impulse approximation for medium and heavy nuclei. It is shown that the simultaneous measurement of the target and ejected proton polarization can provide new information which is not contained in the separate analysis of the $\vec{A}(\vec{e},e'p)B$ and $A(\vec{e},e'\vec{p})B$ reactions. The polarization transfer mechanism in which the electron interacts with the initial nucleon carrying the target polarization, making the proton exit with a fractional polarization in a different direction, is referred to here as ``skewed polarization''. The new observables characterizing the process are identified, and written in terms of polarized response functions and asymmetries which are of tensor nature. The corresponding half-off-shell single-nucleon responses are analyzed using different prescriptions for the electromagnetic vertex and for different kinematics. Numerical predictions are presented for selected perpendicular and parallel kinematics in the case of $^{39}$K as polarized target.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figure