Comparative study of the noise generated by the moto-compressor and that generated by the turbo-compressor

The fundamental aim of this study is to compare between the noise generated by the moto-compressor and the noise generated by the turbo-compressor operating  24H/24H on the continuous function mode; these two machines make part of the equipment of the GP1Z, a factory of hydrocarbon treatment. To attain the principal objective of this study we divided our work into two parts, in the first part we followed and evaluated the average level of the noise emitted by the two machines, whereas in the second part we studied the noise propagation emitted by the two machines and its impact on the generation of the noise. The results obtained from this study demonstrate that the noise generated by the turbo-compressor is higher than the noise generated by the  moto-compressor.Keywords: noise; moto-compressor; turbo-compressor; noise maping

Non-linear optical and electrical properties of ZnO doped Ni Thin Films obtained using spray ultrasonic technique

In the present study zinc oxide doped Nickel thin films (ZnO:Ni) were deposited on glass substrates using a chemical spray ultrasonic technique. The effect of Ni concentration on the structural, electrical, optical, and non-linear optical (NLO) properties of the ZnO:Ni thin films was investigated. The films were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), profilometry and optical transmittance. A polycrystalline structure with a preferential growth along the ZnO (002) plane was found, the optical transmittance was found to be higher than 80% and the band gap (E(g)) varied from 3.19 to 3.27 eV. The value of the electrical conductivity was found. Moreover, the effective non-linear quadratic and cubic electronic susceptibilities of thin film samples were determined by the SHG and THG techniques, working at 1064 nm. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Photoluminescence studies of selected styrylquinolinium thin films made using thermal evaporation deposition technique

In this paper we present a photoluminescence (PL) study of new styrylquinolinium dyes. We made a comparative study of the luminescent properties of thin films grown on quartz substrates using thermal evaporation deposition method. Investigated films show PL emission from the violet to near-IR region at room temperature

Quantitative trait loci of frost tolerance and physiologically related trait in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

Abstract In faba bean, field based winter-hardiness is a complex trait that is significantly correlated to frost tolerance. Frost tolerance could be used to indirectly select for faba bean winter-hardiness. The aim of this study was to identify putative QTL associated with frost tolerance and auxiliary traits and to quantify the efficiency of marker assisted selection. Thus, 101 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between two frost tolerant lines were tested for their hardened and unhardened frost tolerance and for their leaf fatty acid content in both treatments. Significant differences among the RIL were observed for all studied traits. For frost tolerance, five putative QTL were detected; three for unhardened frost tolerance that explained 40.7% (8.6% after crossvalidation, CV) of its genotypic variance and two for hardened frost tolerance that explained 21.8% (1.0% after CV). For fatty acid content, three QTL were detected for oleic acid content in unhardened leaves that explained 62.9% (40.6% after CV) of its genotypic variance. This fatty acid was significantly correlated with unhardened frost tolerance. The unbiased genotypic variance explained enabled to draw realistic prospects of MAS for frost tolerance. In this study, combined MAS was more efficient than classical phenotypic selection and was expected to be higher on larger populations at early generations. Moreover, favourable alleles inherited from the exotic line BPL 4628 could be introgressed to European winter-hardy beans for further improvement

Deep-level Transient Spectroscopy of GaAs/AlGaAs Multi-Quantum Wells Grown on (100) and (311)B GaAs Substrates

Si-doped GaAs/AlGaAs multi-quantum wells structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on (100) and (311)B GaAs substrates have been studied by using conventional deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and high-resolution Laplace DLTS techniques. One dominant electron-emitting level is observed in the quantum wells structure grown on (100) plane whose activation energy varies from 0.47 to 1.3 eV as junction electric field varies from zero field (edge of the depletion region) to 4.7 × 106 V/m. Two defect states with activation energies of 0.24 and 0.80 eV are detected in the structures grown on (311)B plane. The Ec-0.24 eV trap shows that its capture cross-section is strongly temperature dependent, whilst the other two traps show no such dependence. The value of the capture barrier energy of the trap at Ec-0.24 eV is 0.39 eV

Interface intermixing and magnetoresistance in Co/Cu spin valves with uncoupled Co layers

The interpretation of experiments on the effect of interface intermixing on the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect in antiferromagnetic-coupled multilayers can be complicated by the fact that interface intermixing also changes the coupling strength; therefore, we have grown an artificially intermixed region in Co/Cu spin valves with uncoupled Co layers. The structure we used was a newly engineered spin valve composed of 100 Å Co+6 Å Ru+25 Å Co+40 Å Cu+100 Å Co. Here the Ru layer provides an antiparallel alignment of the Co layers and the Cu layer decouples the upper two Co layers. An intermixed CoCu region has been grown at the Cu/Co interface and in some cases also at the Co/Cu interface by alternately sputtering 1 Å Co and 1 Å Cu. X-ray measurements confirm the existence of an intermixed region, although no reduction of magnetic moment is observed as is reported for homogeneous sputtered Co0.5Cu0.5 alloys. This indicates the existence of Co clusters in the intermixed regions. There is no difference in GMR between an intermixed layer of thickness t at one Co/Cu interface or two intermixed layers of thickness t/2 at both Co/Cu interfaces. Thus, it seems that the total thickness of the intermixed regions is decisive for the magnitude of the GMR. Because G, ¿G, and ¿G/Gap all show a gradual decrease when the nominal thickness of the intermixed region increases from 0 to 36 Å, this indicates that there is no strong spin-dependent scattering in this region. This is in agreement with calculations on a model bilayer Co/Cu/Co with the Camley–Barnas model

Novel Styrylquinolinium Dye Thin Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition for Nonlinear Optical Applications

The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of novel styrylquinolinium dye thin films for photonic applications have been studied by the Z-scan, second harmonic generation (SHG), and third harmonic generation (THG) techniques, providing both the second- and third-order nonlinear optical parameters. The styrylquinolinium dye (E)-1-ethyl-4-(2-(4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)vinyl)quinolinium bromide was synthesized by the Knoevenagel condensation, and its structure and physicochemical properties were determined by H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, FTIR, UV-vis spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Functional thin films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using UV TEA N-2 laser onto glass substrates and KCl, NaCl monocrystals at room temperature and vacuum at 10(-3) mbar/0.1 Pa. Further characterization of the films and target from native material by FTIR spectroscopy revealed that there was no difference between the deposited films and the initial material. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements have been also performed in order to provide information about the morphology and topology of the thin films

Genomics-assisted breeding in four major pulse crops of developing countries: present status and prospects

The global population is continuously increasing and is expected to reach nine billion by 2050. This huge population pressure will lead to severe shortage of food, natural resources and arable land. Such an alarming situation is most likely to arise in developing countries due to increase in the proportion of people suffering from protein and micronutrient malnutrition. Pulses being a primary and affordable source of proteins and minerals play a key role in alleviating the protein calorie malnutrition, micronutrient deficiencies and other undernourishment-related issues. Additionally, pulses are a vital source of livelihood generation for millions of resource-poor farmers practising agriculture in the semi-arid and sub-tropical regions. Limited success achieved through conventional breeding so far in most of the pulse crops will not be enough to feed the ever increasing population. In this context, genomics-assisted breeding (GAB) holds promise in enhancing the genetic gains. Though pulses have long been considered as orphan crops, recent advances in the area of pulse genomics are noteworthy, e.g. discovery of genome-wide genetic markers, high-throughput genotyping and sequencing platforms, high-density genetic linkage/QTL maps and, more importantly, the availability of whole-genome sequence. With genome sequence in hand, there is a great scope to apply genome-wide methods for trait mapping using association studies and to choose desirable genotypes via genomic selection. It is anticipated that GAB will speed up the progress of genetic improvement of pulses, leading to the rapid development of cultivars with higher yield, enhanced stress tolerance and wider adaptability