18 research outputs found
Relationship between albumin excretion rate and aortic stiffness in untreated essential hypertensive patients
OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate, in a group of nondiabetic essential hypertensive patients with normal renal function, the relationship between albumin excretion rate (AER) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), as an index of aortic stiffness.
DESIGN:
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING:
Outpatient hypertension clinic.
SUBJECTS:
Seventy patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension, aged 42 +/- 8 years, never pharmacologically treated. All subjects underwent routine laboratory tests, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, measurement of carotid-femoral PWV, by means of a computerized method, and AER.
RESULTS:
Microalbuminuric patients (AER > or = 20 microg min(-1); n = 19), when compared with normoalbuminuric subjects, showed more elevated 24-h BP (136/88 +/- 10/10 vs. 128/83 +/- 7/6 mmHg; P < 0.001 and P = 0.013, for systolic and diastolic BP respectively) and higher values of carotid-femoral PWV (10.4 +/- 2 m s(-1) vs. 9.2 +/- 1.3; P = 0.006). This latter difference remained statistically significant, even after correction by ancova for 24-h systolic and diastolic BP, and body mass index (BMI, P = 0.016). Univariate regression analysis disclosed a tight correlation between AER and carotid-femoral PWV (r = 0.42; P = 0.0003). This association was confirmed in a multiple regression model (beta = 0.35; P = 0.009) in which, as independent variables, besides PWV, 24-h BP, age, serum glucose values, smoking status, gender and BMI, were added.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our results seem to confirm that microalbuminuria may represent the early renal manifestation of a widespread vascular dysfunction, and therefore it is an integrated marker of cardiovascular risk
Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage
OBJECTIVES:
The aim of our study was to analyse, in a wide group of essential hypertensive patients without diabetes mellitus, the influence of metabolic syndrome (MS) (defined according to the criteria laid down in the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults) on markers of preclinical cardiac, renal and retinal damage.
DESIGN:
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING:
Outpatient hypertension clinic.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
A total of 353 young and middle-aged hypertensives, free from cardiovascular and renal diseases (and 37% of whom had MS), underwent echocardiographic examination, microalbuminuria determination and non-mydriatic retinography.
RESULTS:
When compared with subjects without MS, hypertensive patients with MS exhibited more elevated left ventricular (LV) mass (either normalized by body surface area or by height elevated by a power of 2.7), higher myocardial relative wall thickness, albumin excretion rate (AER) and a greater prevalence of LV hypertrophy (57.7% vs. 25.1%; P < 0.00001), of microalbuminuria (36.2% vs. 19.3%; P = 0.002) and of hypertensive retinopathy (87.7% vs. 48.4%; P < 0.00001). These results held even after correction for age, 24-h blood pressures, duration of hypertension, previous antihypertensive therapy, and gender distribution. The independent relationships between LV mass and MS, and between AER and MS, were confirmed in multivariate regression models including MS together with its individual components.
CONCLUSIONS:
MS may amplify hypertension-related cardiac and renal changes, over and above the potential contribution of each single component of this syndrome. As these markers of target organ damage are well-known predictors of cardiovascular events, our results may partly explain the enhanced cardiovascular risk associated with MS
MT. ETNA FEBRUARY-APRIL 2013 ERUPTION
European FP7 MED-SUV (MEditerranean SUpersite Volcanoes). Grant Number: 308665 European Research Council European FP7 (FP/2007-2013)/ERC. Grant Number: 279802 SIGMA (Sistema Integrato di sensori in ambiente cloud per la Gestione Multirischio Avanzata
Validation and integration tests of the JUNO 20-inch PMTs readout electronics
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large neutrino
detector currently under construction in China. JUNO will be able to study the
neutrino mass ordering and to perform leading measurements detecting
terrestrial and astrophysical neutrinos in a wide energy range, spanning from
200 keV to several GeV. Given the ambitious physics goals of JUNO, the
electronic system has to meet specific tight requirements, and a thorough
characterization is required. The present paper describes the tests performed
on the readout modules to measure their performances.Comment: 20 pages, 13 figure
Adiponectin plasma levels aand chronic kidney disease stages in hypertensive and normotensive subjects
Usefulness of microalbuminuria in cardiovascular risk stratification of essential hypertensive patients
Background/Aims: To evaluate the influence of microalbuminuria
(albumin excretion rate – AER) determination
and echocardiography (ECHO) on cardiovascular risk
stratification, initially performed according the 1999
WHO/ISH guidelines by using only routine diagnostic
procedures with or without fundal examination. Methods:
312 essential hypertensives attending our institution
were studied retrospectively. Cardiovascular risk
was assessed in a semiquantitative way using four categories
of absolute cardiovascular disease risk (low, medium,
high and very high risk), as proposed by the 1999
WHO/ISH guidelines, on the basis of data on the average
10-year risk of cardiovascular events among participants
in the Framingham Study. Results: Without the retinal
data, estimating the level of global cardiovascular risk on
the basis of routine work-up alone, 14% were classified
as low-risk patients, 48% were as medium-risk, 20% as
high-risk and 18% at very-high-risk patients. The combined
use of AER and ECHO, in line with the newer ESHESC
guidelines, determined a statistically significant reclassification
of the hypertensive patients. Only 10%
remained in the low-risk category, 28% were classified in
the medium-, 42% in the high- and 20% in the very-highrisk
classes. The overall percentage of patients that
changed risk stratum (mostly shifting from the mediumto
the high-risk class) was significantly different from the
proportion of subjects reclassified after the addition of
either microalbuminuria or echocardiography alone. No
change in the distribution of risk categories was observed
when AER assay and ECHO were added to routine
procedures including funduscopic examination.
Conclusions: Considering the questionable prognostic
value of qualitative retinal examination, our results suggest
that cardiovascular risk evaluation based only on
simple routine work-up, ignoring the information provided
by AER determination and ECHO, may underestimate
the level of absolute risk
Influenza della microalbuminuria sulla stratificazione del rischio cardiovascolare globale nel paziente iperteso.
INFLUENCE OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME ON AORTIC STIFFNESS IN NEVER TREATED HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
BACKGROUND AND AIM:
Metabolic syndrome (MS) carries an increased risk for cardiovascular events and there is a growing awareness that large artery stiffening is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Little is known about the relationship of MS with aortic stiffness. The aim of our study was to analyze, in patients with essential hypertension, the influence of MS, defined according to the criteria proposed by the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (NCEP-ATP III), on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of aortic stiffness.
METHODS:
Ninety-three untreated essential hypertensives, aged between 23 and 61 years, without diabetes mellitus, were studied. All subjects underwent routine blood chemistry, oral glucose tolerance test with glucose and insulin determinations, albumin excretion rate (AER) measurement, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and measurement of carotid-femoral PWV, by means of a computerized method.
RESULTS:
Patients with MS (n = 28) showed higher age-adjusted carotid-femoral PWV (10.1 +/- 1.4 vs 9.3 +/- 1.4 m/s; p = 0.01) when compared to subjects without MS. This difference held after controlling for gender and for 24-h mean blood pressure (MBP) (p = 0.02) and lost its statistical significance after further adjustment for AER. In a multiple regression model, excluding the individual components of MS, in which metabolic syndrome was added along with age, gender, smoking habit, LDL cholesterol, HOMA index, 24-h MBP and 24-h heart rate, MS remained independently associated with carotid-femoral PWV (beta = 0.29; p = 0.002). The statistical significance of this association disappeared after the inclusion into this model of AER.
CONCLUSIONS:
Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased aortic stiffness. Main explanatory factors of this association are age, systolic blood pressure and albumin excretion rate