Stratification strength and light climate explain variation in chlorophyll a at the continental scale in a European multilake survey in a heatwave summer

To determine the drivers of phytoplankton biomass, we collected standardized morphometric, physical, and biological data in 230 lakes across the Mediterranean, Continental, and Boreal climatic zones of the European continent. Multilinear regression models tested on this snapshot of mostly eutrophic lakes (median total phosphorus [TP] = 0.06 and total nitrogen [TN] = 0.7 mg L−1), and its subsets (2 depth types and 3 climatic zones), show that light climate and stratification strength were the most significant explanatory variables for chlorophyll a (Chl a) variance. TN was a significant predictor for phytoplankton biomass for shallow and continental lakes, while TP never appeared as an explanatory variable, suggesting that under high TP, light, which partially controls stratification strength, becomes limiting for phytoplankton development. Mediterranean lakes were the warmest yet most weakly stratified and had significantly less Chl a than Boreal lakes, where the temperature anomaly from the long-term average, during a summer heatwave was the highest (+4°C) and showed a significant, exponential relationship with stratification strength. This European survey represents a summer snapshot of phytoplankton biomass and its drivers, and lends support that light and stratification metrics, which are both affected by climate change, are better predictors for phytoplankton biomass in nutrient-rich lakes than nutrient concentrations and surface temperature

Determination of heavy metal levels in sediment and macroalgae (Ulva Sp. and Enteromorpha Sp.) on the Mersin coast [Mersin sahilinde makroalg (Ulva Sp. ve Enteromorpha Sp.) ve sedimentte agır metal düzeylerinin İncelenmesi]

This study was conducted to determine heavy metal levels in macroalgae (Ulva sp. and Enteromorpha sp.) on four beach heavily used by the people in the province of Mersin, for this purpose; Aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) levels were determined on a monthly basis. The results showed that the highest accumulation of heavy metals in algae were detected at station 1 with Cu and Zn, at station 2 with Cd and at station 4 with Al, Mn, Fe and Ni. Accumulation levels of heavy metals have been detected in the order Fe>Al>Mn>Ni>Zn> Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd; Fe>Al>Ni>Mn>Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd and Fe>Al>Mn>Ni>Cr>Zn>Pb>Cd> Cu in Ulva sp, in Enteromorpha sp. and in sediment samples respectively

Water quality of surface waters in lower euphrates basin (Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey)

In this study, some physicochemical properties of surface waters of the lower Euphrates Basin in the Southeastern Anatolia region were investigated. The water sources investigated are Ataturk, Birecik, Karkamis and Haci Hidir Dam lakes and Euphrates River together with eight streams which are major running waters of the sub-basin. Total 20 variables consisting of temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total dissolved and suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, total hardness, total alkalinity, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, fluoride, sulfate, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and reactive phosphorus were monitored in surface waters. Significant relationships between dissolved ions, conductivity, hardness and alkalinity were observed. While most of the surface waters had middle hard and slightly alkaline characteristics with moderate dissolved solids and low organic matter content, Haci Hidir Dam lake and Nizip Stream separated from them in terms of investigated variables. © Medwell Journals, 2010

Investigation of heavy metal levels in sediment of the Berdan river (Tarsus- Mersin) [Berdan çayı (Tarsus - Mersin) sedimentinde agır metal düzeylerinin araştırılması]

In the study, samples were seasonally taken from Berdan River- which is one of the major rivers in the province of Mersin -and accumulation levels of heavy metals such as Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe) and Aluminum (Al) were determined in sediment samples According to results of the study, heavy metal accumulation levels in the sediment Fe; 18521.91 µg/g, Al;12907.70 µg/g, Mn; 377.40 µg/g, Ni; 167.68 µg/g, Cr; 57.81 µg/g, Zn; 45.59 µg/g, Cu; 28.38 µg/g, Pb; 22.82 µg/g and Cd; 4.54 µg/g were fasten down and heavy metals were in the sequence as follows: Fe>Al>Mn>Ni>Cr>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd. Finally, it has been observed that Berdan River is under the threat of pollution

The effects of ACE gene polymorphism on the serum antioxidant capacity

The association between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism serum total sulfhydryl groups (Total SH), nitric oxide (NO) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels and coronary artery disease (CAD) was already shown by the studies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of ACE polymorphism on the serum total SH groups, NO and MDA levels in patients with and without CAD. A total of 146 participants (71 male, mean age: 56.0 ± 11.9 years; 75 female, mean age: 57.1 ± 13.5 years) were enrolled into the study. All the patients were performed coronary angiography. The associations between ACE genotypes (DD,ID,II) and coronary artery disease were evaluated by statistically methods. We determined that there was statistically significant differences about the serum levels of NO, total SH and MDA among ACE genotypes in the patients without CAD (One Way ANOVA, P=0.005, P=0.004 and p<0.001, respectively). Only total SH levels was of statistically significant difference among ACE genotypes in the patients with CAD(One Way ANOVA, P=0.034) In conclusion we determined that there were significant differences about serum total antioxidant capacity, MDA and NO levels among ACE (I/D) genotypes