A Bayesian Approach to Survival Analysis of Gompertz Model with R and JAGS

The Gompertz distribution of lifetimes was introduced in 1825 and a probability model was derived for studying human mortality. In this paper, an attempt has been made to Bayesian fitting of Gompertz distribution. The Bayesian approach is implemented with R and JAGS for analytic and simulation tools. Our main target is to explore the use of Laplace Approximation for Bayesian analysis. A real right censored data is used. Finally, the model is compared with Weibull distribution using Bayesian prediction tools

Ethnomedicinal Uses of \u3cem\u3eAchyranthes Aspera\u3c/em\u3e L. (Amarantaceae) in Management of Gynaecological Disorders in Western Uttar Pradesh (India)

This communication records the ethnomedicinal uses of Achyranthes aspera in management of gynecological disorders in rural areas of Aligarh, Badaun, Bulandshahar, Farrukhabad and Hatharas districts of Western Uttar Pradesh, India. The claims were gathered by interviewing traditional healers, especially women, of the study area. Attempt was made to verify the efficacy of claims with actual beneficiaries, though it was not possible in all cases due to social customs. A total of twenty-three claims are recorded and twelve of them appear to be hitherto unknown

Antibacterial Potential of \u3cem\u3eClerodendrum inerme\u3c/em\u3e Crude Extracts Against Some Human Pathogenic Bacteria

This communication emphasized upon the sensitivity of the crude extracts of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. [Verbenaceae] against some of the human pathogenic bacteria. Five plant extracts (Petrol, Benzene, Methanol, Ethly acetate and Aqueous) under six different concentrations (500 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 2 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 15 mg/ml) were tested by disk diffusion method. Methanol, Ethyl acetate and Aqueous extracts of the plant showed significant inhibition against fifteen of the eighteen bacteria tested. No earlier report on antibacterial activity of this taxon could be found in literature

Chromium induced changes in growth and physiological attributes of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L), an important medicinal plant

This study was conducted to determine the impact of different concentrations (25, 37.5 and 50 mg kg-1 soil) of chromium (Cr) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, protein content, proline content, activities of antioxidant enzymes and seed yield of Cichorium intybus in a pot experiment. The results revealed that all the Cr treatments significantly (P </= 0.05) reduced the growth, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll and carotenoids contents), protein content and seed yield in C. intybus. The activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and proline content in C. intybus leaves increased significantly (P </= 0.05) with increasing levels of Cr treatments. Cr accumulation was found greater in the roots than in the shoots and enhanced with increasing Cr concentrations. Hence, C. intybus may serve as a bio-meter of Cr in Cr contaminated soils

\u3cem\u3eIn Vitro\u3c/em\u3e Antibacterial Potential of \u3cem\u3eMelia azedarach\u3c/em\u3e Crude Leaf Extracts Against Some Human Pathogenic Bacterial Strains

The emphasis of this paper is upon the sensitivity of the crude leaf extracts of Melia azedarach against some of the hospital isolated human pathogenic bacterial strains. Five plant extracts (Petrol, Benzene, Methanol, Ethyl acetate and Aqueous) under five different concentrations (1mg/ml, 2mg/ml, 5mg/ml, 10mg/ml and 15mg/ml) were tested by the Disk diffusion method. Methanol, Ethyl acetate and Aqueous extracts of the plant showed significant inhibition against bacteria tested. A comparison was made among the sensitivity demonstrated by the leaf extracts and known medicinal and ethnobotanical uses

Bayesian estimation using Lindley’s approximation of Inverted Kumaraswamy distribution based on lower record values

In this paper, we have considered estimation of unknown parameters based on lower record values for Inverted Kumaraswamy distribution. Maximum likelihood and approximate Bayes estimators based on lower record values for unknown parameters of this distribution are obtained. Lindley’s approximation (L-approximation) is used to obtain approximate Bayes estimators under DeGroot loss function based on lower record values. A Simulation study and a real data analysis are presented to illustrate the results.Publisher's Versio

JMASM 51: Bayesian Reliability Analysis of Binomial Model – Application to Success/Failure Data

Reliability data are generated in the form of success/failure. An attempt was made to model such type of data using binomial distribution in the Bayesian paradigm. For fitting the Bayesian model both analytic and simulation techniques are used. Laplace approximation was implemented for approximating posterior densities of the model parameters. Parallel simulation tools were implemented with an extensive use of R and JAGS. R and JAGS code are developed and provided. Real data sets are used for the purpose of illustration

JMASM 57: Bayesian Survival Analysis of Lomax Family Models with Stan (R)

An attempt is made to fit three distributions, the Lomax, exponential Lomax, and Weibull Lomax to implement Bayesian methods to analyze Myeloma patients using Stan. This model is applied to a real survival censored data so that all the concepts and computations will be around the same data. A code was developed and improved to implement censored mechanism throughout using rstan. Furthermore, parallel simulation tools are also implemented with an extensive use of rstan

Bayesian Analysis of Location-Scale Family of Distributions Using S-PLUS and R Software

The Normal and Laplace’s methods of approximation for posterior density based on the location-scale family of distributions in terms of the numerical and graphical simulation are examined using S-PLUS and R Software