A SURVEY OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN THE WORLD IN COMPARISON WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION AND TURKEY PRACTICES

As public became more aware of the possible hazardous effects of the conventional farming products, organic agriculture practices have been increasingly spreading all over the world. Since the 1980’s, organic agriculture has been an important topic in the research agenda of the scientists active in various fields from science to biology or even economics. Economic Unions have been increasingly important in the last decade, in which one of them is the European Union (EU) being the most integrated of all. It is an enlarging body that has achieved considerable degree of economic integration. The EU is considered to be important for Turkey. The EU has a supporting role in agricultural policy. Organical agriculture, which is considered to have an important role in EU economics, became more important issue between Turkey and EU relations, due to Turkey’s agriculture potential. Organic agriculture started in Turkey through the demand from foreign countries in 1990’s. Due to the lack of information sharing on organic agriculture, organic agriculture sector in Turkey was not aware of its potential. It is one of the factors that affects organic farming sector negatively. By creating the body which enables data sharing system by more number of people and significant support by organic agriculture sides would lead the sector to benefit from the existing potential. Organic agriculture market in Turkey will have a chance to compete with other world organic agriculture markets. Organic agriculture’s products are healthy for consumers. On the other hand what is also argued within this thesis is organic agriculture’s beneficial effects on the nature

Decreased mean platelet volume and increased platelet to lymphocyte ratio in patients with pterygium

Pterygium is a common disorder of the ocular surface characterized by collagen degeneration and overgrowth of fibrovascular tissue from the conjunctivae onto the cornea(1). The Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) have all been explored as potential biomarkers for inflammation associated with ophthalmic diseases.In this study, we evaluated MPV, NLR, MLR and PLR and identified specific associations with the pathogenesis of pterygium

Interactional Modeling and Optimized PD Impedance Control Design for Robust Safe Fingertip Grasping

Dynamic and robust control of fingertip grasping is essential in robotic hand manipulation. This study introduces detailed kinematic and dynamic mathematical modeling of a two-fingered robotic hand, which can easily be extended to a multi-fingered robotic hand and its control. The Lagrangian technique is applied as a common procedure to obtain the complete nonlinear dynamic model. Fingertip grasping is considered in developing the detailed model. The computed torque controller of six proportional derivative (PD) controllers, which use the rotation angle of the joint variables, is proposed to linearize the hand model and to establish trajectory tracking. An impedance controller of optimized gains is suggested in the control loop to regulate the impedance of the robotic hand during the interaction with the grasped object in order to provide safe grasping. In this impedance controller, the gains are designed by applying a genetic algorithm to reach minimum contact position and velocity errors. The robustness against disturbances is achieved within the overall control loop. A computer program using MATLAB is used to simulate, monitor, and test the interactional model and the designed controllers

Predictive expressions for withdrawal force capacity of various size of dowels from particleboard and medium density fiberboard

The objective of this study was to develop predictive expressions for estimating the withdrawal force capacity of various size of beech (Fagus orientalis) dowels from medium density fiberboard (MDF) and particleboard (PB). Furthermore, effects of the base material type, dowel diameter, dowel penetration and adhesive type on withdrawal force capacity were investigated. Polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl acetate based D2, and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) adhesives were utilized for gluing of dowels. A total of 540 specimens were prepared for edge and face withdrawal force capacity tests including two material types (MDF, PB), three dowel diameters (6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm), three dowel penetration depths (15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm for edge, 6 mm, 9 mm, 12 mm for face), three adhesive types and five replications for each group.  Specimens were tested under static withdrawal forces. Based on results of tests, predictive expressions that allow furniture engineers to estimate edge and face dowel withdrawal force capacity as a function of dowel diameter and dowel penetration were developed. Calculations showed that the expressions developed provided reasonable estimates for withdrawal force capacity of dowels. As a result of statistical analyses, material type, dowel diameter, dowel penetration, adhesive type and their four-way interaction have significantly affected the withdrawal force capacity of dowels. Test results also indicated that PU adhesive and MDF ranked the highest withdrawal force capacity among the adhesive and material types. Increasing either dowel diameter or penetration tended to have a positive effect on withdrawal force capacity. Dowel diameter was found to have a higher effect on withdrawal force capacity than dowel penetration

The Existence of Innovation Factors In the Vision and Mission Statements of Organizations, the Case of Fortune 100 Companıes of Turkey

In this study, factors that are considered to be determinants of organizational innovation were sought in organizations’ vision and mission statements. Those factors and criteria that are used to measure innovativeness of organizations have been identified and categorized previous studies. Those criteria were translated into patterns of expressions which can take place in organizations’ vision and mission statements. Then, these elements were sought in vision and mission statements of 2013’s top 100 companies that were published in Fortune Magazine Turkey via content analysis method which is one of the qualitative research methods. According to the statements, it is assessed that, companies are focused on product and service innovations by tracking customer demands and they are insufficient at using external sources of knowledge and innovation in-house processe

Analysis of DNA sequences with De Bruijn graphs

Genel olarak DNA verisi olarak adlandırılan genetik veriler biyoinformatiğin en temel konularından birini teşkil etmektedir. Bu verilerin gösterimi yapılırken çeşitli dizilime yöntemleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu bildiride bu dizileme yöntemlerine değinilecek ve De Bruijn grafları kullanılarak basit DNA verileri üzerinde baştan kısa okuma dönüşümünün (de novo short read assembly) nasıl yapıldığı gösterilecektir.The purpose of this study is to analysis the genetics data, in general named as DNA, which is the very main issue of bioinformatics. It is aimed to use the methods of various sequencing to demonstrate the aforementioned data. In this study, it will be mentioned about the methods of sequencing and will be used “De Bruijn Graphs” to show how to read the de novo short read assembly on the DNA data

A neonatal septic arthritis case caused by klebsiella pneumoniae: A case report

Septic arthritis is encountered very rarely during the neonatal period and its diagnosis can delay because of atypical symptoms, thus it may lead to serious sequelae. The sequale can be prevented by early diagnosis and concomitant treatment. In neonates, pain can be experienced as a result of pseudoparalysis and of movement of the effected joints. A 17-day-old neonatal patient was brought to our hospital with complaint of unrest and then diagnosed with septic arthritis due to propagation of Klebsiella pneumoniae in joint fluid culture was represented because of the rarity of such a case. © 2016, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. All rights reserved

A folk remedy: Royal jelly improves lung capacity in smokers

Background and Aim: Royal jelly (RJ) is one of the natural, valuable curative bee productdue to its promising health-beneficial and nutritional properties. This healthy diet possesses anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidants, antitumor, and immunomodulatory functions which benefit in humans health and welfare,resulting in its widespread medical use. The aim of this randomized case controlled study was to determine the effect of royal jelly on the lung capacity of sedentary male smokers. Materials and Methods: The study was approved by the ethics committee of the university and consisted of 83 sedentary male and single participants aged 25-30 years without any health problems. Participation was voluntary. This case controlled design study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined by the World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from participants. The sample was divided into four groups: smoker experimental (Group I: 22), non-smoker experimental (Group II: 21), smoker control (Group III: 20), and non-smoker control (Group IV: 20). The experimental groups consumed 1000 mg/day pure royal jelly between 08.00 and 10.00 am for 21 days. The control groups consumed a placebo liquid between 08.00 and 10.00 am for 21 days. Pre- and post-pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed. Results: Group I had significantly higher mean posttestforced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1) (1.86±0.19 L) than mean pretest FEV1 (1.76±0.05 L) while Group II had significantly higher mean posttest FEV1 (2.25±0.27 L) than mean pretest FEV1 (2.18±0.17 L) (p < 0.000). No statistically significant difference was observed in the control groups. Conclusion: PFT results before and after 1000mg/day royal jelly supplement revealed positive and significant differences. © Mattioli 1885

Malatya Arıcılık Faaliyetlerinin Genel Durum Tespiti Çalışması

Bu çalışma,ekolojik yapısı,arı yetiştiriciliği için uygun alanların fazlalığı, bitki çeşitliliği ile zenginliğine sahip olması nedeni ile önemli bir konuma sahip olan Malatya’da ki arıcılık faaliyetlerinin durumunu değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmış olup, bu kapsamdaki çalışmalar rastgele seçilmiş 100 arı yetiştiricisine uygulanan anket çalışması ile saptandı. Bu anket çalışmasında 33 soru ile arıcıların yaşları, kaç yıldır arıcılık yaptıkları,  eğitim durumları, bal verimleri, koloni sayıları, ana arı üretimi ile değişimi, hastalık ile zararlılarla mücadeleleri,  arıcılığa başlama nedenleri, arıcılık dışı faaliyetleri, gezginci arıcılık durumları, besleme şekil ile zamanları, koloni kayıpları, arıcılıkta karşılaştıkları en önemli sorunları, pazarlama ile satış faaliyetleri ve üretilen arı ürünleri gibi konular hakkında önemli veriler elde edildi. Elde edilen verilere göre, Malatya ili arıcılığının genel durumu saptandı. Arıcılık faaliyetlerindeki başlıca eksiklikler eğitim, ürün pazarlama, ana arı üretimi veya temini, hastalık ve zararlılar ile mücadele olarak ortaya kondu. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmanın Malatya’daki arıcılık faaliyetlerinin önceliklerinin ve eksikliklerinin saptanması açısından yararlı olduğu ve daha sonra yapılacak çalışmalarda yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir

Low-field behavior of Ti-added MgB2/Cu superconducting wires

We report on low-field magnetic properties of Ti-added (0-20 wt.% of Ti) Cu-clad MgB2 superconducting wires. Wires were produced by mixing appropriate amount of Ti and reacted MgB2 powder which was then placed inside Cu tubes with a diameter of 6 mm. The tubes were then cold worked by rolling or drawing to smaller diameters and then annealed at various temperatures to enhance the grain connectivity. XRD studies show that Ti addition results in new but minor phases. We have then measured ac susceptibilities in the temperature range between 20 K and 40 K in ac fields of 20-1600 A/m. The data show that an additional loss mechanism is established with Ti-addition. The calculated ac losses are increasing with increasing Ti-content in the main superconducting matrix